middel ages Flashcards
North Atlantic Drift
he North Atlantic Current, also known as North Atlantic Drift and North Atlantic Sea Movement, is a powerful warm western boundary current within the Atlantic Ocean that extends the Gulf Stream northeastward.
Monastery
A monastery is a building or complex of buildings comprising the domestic quarters and workplaces of monastics, monks or nuns, whether living in communities or alone.
Charlemagne
Charlemagne was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and Emperor of the Carolingian Empire from 800, holding all these titles until his death in 814.
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire, also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512, was a polity in Central and Western Europe, usually headed by the Holy Roman Emperor.
Feudalism
the dominant social system in medieval Europe, in which the nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants (villeins or serfs) were obliged to live on their lord’s land and give him homage, labor, and a share of the produce, notionally in exchange for military protection.
Manorialism
Political, economic, and social system by which the peasants of medieval Europe were tied to their land and their lord through serfdom.
the Battle of Hastings/William The Conqueror
At the Battle of Hastings on October 14, 1066, King Harold II of England was defeated by the invading Norman forces of William the Conqueror. By the end of the bloody, all-day battle, Harold was dead and his forces were destroyed.
Papacy
the office or authority of the Pope.
Monarch
a person who reigns over a kingdom or empire
Magna Carta
the first document to put into writing the principle that the king and his government was not above the law
The Crusade
Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Christian Latin Church in the medieval period.
Pope Urban II
Pope Urban II, otherwise known as Odo of Châtillon or Otho de Lagery, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 12 March 1088 to his death.
Saladin
Salah ad-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub, commonly known as Saladin, was the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty
Richard I
Richard was an important Christian commander during the Third Crusade, leading the campaign after the departure of Philip II of France and achieving several
The Black Death (Bubonic Plague)
a bubonic plague pandemic occurring in Europe from 1346 to 1353.
The Hundred Years War
The Hundred Years’ War was a series of armed conflicts fought between the kingdoms of England and France during the Late Middle Ages.
Joan of Arc
joan has been revered as a martyr, and viewed as an obedient daughter of the Roman Catholic Church, an early feminist, and a symbol of freedom and independence.
Henry V
Henry V, also called Henry of Monmouth, was King of England from 1413 until his death in 1422.
Reconquista
military campaigns largely conducted between the 11th and 13th century CE to liberate southern Portuguese and Spanish territories,
Queen Isabella
Isabella I also called Isabella the Catholic (Spanish: Isabel la Católica), was Queen of Castile and León from 1474 until her death
King Ferdinand
Ferdinand II (10 March 1452 – 23 January 1516) was King of Aragon from 1479 until his death in 1516.
Inquisition
a period of prolonged and intensive questioning or investigation
Iberian Peninsula
e Iberian Peninsula is a mountainous region that’s most associated with the countries of Spain and Portugal.
