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Year 8 Science Revision > Mid Years Revision > Flashcards

Mid Years Revision Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the 7 nutrients in foods?

A

Protein, carbonhydrates, water, minerals, fibre, vitamins, lipids

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2
Q

What is the enzyme in your saliva called and what does it do?

A

Amylase and it breaks down food

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3
Q

What is the name of the function that occurs in the oesophagus that beings down food to the stomach?

A

Peristalsis

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4
Q

What happens in the rectum

A

It stores waste until it is emptied through the anus

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5
Q

What happens in the stomach

A

It takes the food down from the oesophagus and breaks it down with the acids in it .

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6
Q

What is anorexia

A

Anorexia is a mental illness when someone thinks that they are fat and are not eating enough food.

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7
Q

What is obesity

A

It is when someone is overweight, eats too much and doesn’t do very much exercise.

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8
Q

What is the name of the condition where a lot of muscle mass is lost, enlarged stomach and inflamed skin.

A

Kwashiorkor

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9
Q

What is night blindness

A

When someone cant see at night and has sore eyes,

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10
Q

What causes night blindness

A

Not getting enough vitamin A

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11
Q

What is scruvy?

A

When you have bleedimg gums

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12
Q

What causes scruvy?

A

Not enough vitamin c

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13
Q

What is rickets?

A

When you have bowed legs or bones

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14
Q

What causes rickets?

A

Not getting enough calclium and vitamin d

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15
Q

What is a recreational drug?

A

A drug taken for enjoyment that is typically illegal rather than for medical purposes and it usually deals damage to your body.

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16
Q

What is a medicinal drug

A

A drug that is used as a medicine and to help your health

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17
Q

What is a stimulant?

A

A drug that increases your sugarlevel and makes you hyper.

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18
Q

What is a depressant?

A

A drug that decreases your reaction time and makes you quite drowsy and slow,

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19
Q

What are examples of stimulant drugs?

A

Caffeine, Ecstacy, crack cocaine, glue, gas.

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20
Q

What are examples of depressants?

A

Alchohol, transquiliers, solvents,

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21
Q

What does the panreas do?

A

It makes enzymes

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22
Q

What does the liver do?

A

It makes bile

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23
Q

What does the gall bladder do?

A

It stores the bile

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24
Q

What does the bile duct do?

A

It is where the bile goes to the small intestine.

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25
Q

What happens in the small intestine?

A

It is where the nutrients from the food is absorbed into the blood

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26
Q

What happens in the large intestine?

A

Where the water and minerals are absorbed into the blood

27
Q

What do enzymes do?

A

Ezymes are special protein that break down large molecules of nutrients iinto small molecules.

28
Q

What are carbohydrates good for you in your body?

A

It is the main sorce if energy.

29
Q

What do lipids do in your body?

A

They are fats and oils which provide energy and warmth.

30
Q

What does protein do in your body?

A

It is used as growth and repair of cells and tissues.

31
Q

What do vitamins and minerals do in your body?

A

They are essential in small amounts for you to grow, develop and to function healthily.

32
Q

What is does water do in your body?

A

They are needed in all cells and body fluids and you need water to replace the water your body loses in sweat, tears and urine.

33
Q

What does fibre do?

A

It is used to keep the nutrients moving in the body.

34
Q

If you add iodine to a solution and it turn blue-black what does that mean?

A

It mean theres starch im it.

35
Q

If you add drops of ethanol to the food solution shake it, leave for a ,inute, pour it into a test tibe with water and it turns cloudy what does that mean?

A

That means it has lipids in it.

36
Q

What are ways of transferring energy?

A

Light, sound and electricity.

37
Q

What is equilibrium?

A

When objects have the same thermal energy.

38
Q

What is the name when thermal energy is transferred through a solid and how does it work?

A

Conduction and it is when heated particles vibrate more and colide with the cooler particles around it, heated them up and they start to vibrate more until the whole object is heated up.

39
Q

What is the name of the way that thermal energy is tranferred through fluids and how does it work.

A

Convection and it is when when a fluid (liquid or gas) is heated in one area, the warmer particles move to the cold part and start to cool down and the cool particles move to the area where it is being heated. Then the cool particles warm up and go to where the colder particles where.

40
Q

What is the name when thermal energy being transferred through empty space and how does it work?

A

Radiation and it is when an objects absorbs heat (energy) and emits it through infrared waves. The more energy the object has, the more radiation it emits.

41
Q

Write the symbol for glucose

A

C6 H12 O6

42
Q

What are short term affects of alchohol?

A

Slow reaction time, drowsiness, slurred speech and feeling relaxed.

43
Q

What are some long term affects of alchohol?

A

Heart disease, brain damage, liver damage. Reduced fertility.

44
Q

What are the eight energy stores?

A

Magnetic, thermal, gravitational potential, chemical, elastic potential, electrostatic, kinetic and nuclear.

45
Q

Name the four energy pathways.

A

Mechanical, electrical, heating and radiation.

46
Q

What is energy measured in?

A

Energy is measured in joules.

47
Q

What is the law of conservation of energy?

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

48
Q

Why is temperature and energy different.

A

Temperature is when an object has a quantity of heat and energy is how much thermal energy it has within its entire volume.

49
Q

Give an example to showmthe difference between temperature and energy.

A

A boiling kettle is higher in temperature but but a lukewarm swimming would have more thermal energy because of its volume and size.

50
Q

What is infrared radiation?

A

Infrared radiation is a wave that transfers energy without particles.

51
Q

Give examples of medical drugs

A

Painkillers, antibiotics, cough mixture,

52
Q

Examplesmof re-creational drugs

A

Alchohol, caffeine, cocaine, heroine, tobacco.

53
Q

Give examples of chemicals in smoking

A

Tar- clogs the lining of the lungs and the alveoli, Nicotine - an addictive stimulant, carbon monoxide - stops bloodcells from carrying oxygen.

54
Q

What does carbon monoxide do to your blood cells?

A

When theres too much carbon monoxide in the air, the body replaces the oxygen in the blood cell with carbin minoxide

55
Q

What is a balaced diet?

A

Eating food thst contains the right nutrients in the right amount

56
Q

What are advantages of solar power.

A

It can be small and portable.
No pollution.
It can be used in remote places.

57
Q

What are disadvantages of solar power

A

High cost per unit of energy.
Depends on how much light is falling on them

58
Q

What is solar power.

A

Its when solar cells generate electricity from direct sunlight.

59
Q

What is the name of equipment used for solar power

A

Solar cell.

60
Q

What is wind power?

A

Electricity is generated when wind turns the turbines.

61
Q

What are advantages of wind turbines.

A

No pollution
Running costs are low.

62
Q

What are disadvantages of win turbines.

A

Very noisy
Ruins the view
Depends on wind.
Initial costs are high.

63
Q

What is tidal power?

A

When we use moving water from the sea to create electricity.

Year 8 Science Revision (1 decks)

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