Mid Years Flashcards
What tectonic plate do we live on?
Eurasian
Give an example of a divergent (constructive) plate boundary.
Iceland.
Give examples of what will happen at a divergant (constructive) plate boundary
Shield volcanoes, earthquakes.
Where is an example of a convergent ( destructive) plate boundary.
Andes.
What will happen at convergent (destructive) plate boundary.
Fold mountains earthquakes.
What will happen at a conservative (transform) plate boundary.
Earthquakes and fault lines.
What is an example of a convergent plate boundary.
Himalayas.
What is a destructive plate boundary.
When two tectonic plated move towards each other.
What is a constructive plate boundary?
When the tectonic plates move away from each other.
Which scale only measures magnitude?
The richter scale.
What was a primary impact of the earthquake in Haiti.
Approximately 220,000 people were killed.
How many people died in Monsterrat
19
What is a pyroclastic flow?
A fast moving currents of hot gas and rock.
What is lahar.
Violent type of mudflow.
Which country was most affected by the indian ocean tsunami
Indonesia.
How can we monitter volcanoes.
Check gas emissions, use a GPS to check the shape of the sides.
Why do people live in volcanic areas.
Attractive landscape, fertile land for crops, selling ash.
What is the advice given to students in earthquake prone countries.
Drop, cover, hold on.
What is a good method for seismic proofing
Cross bracing.
What are the four layers of the earth?
Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core.
What moves the tectonic plated?
Convectional currents from the core of the earth.
What plate is north america on?
North american plate.
What tectonic plate is on the left of north america
Pacific plate.
What plate is on the left of north america
Pacific plate
What plate is south america on
South america plate
What small plate is next to south america
Nazca plate.
What plate is africa on
African plate
What plate is autrailia on
Indo autralian plate.
What is a composite volcanoe?
A steep volcano formed at a destructive boundary.
What is the difference between continental plated and oceanic plates.
Continental plate is thicker and older but ocean plate is thinner and newer but weighs more.
What is the oceanic plate made of.
Oceanic plate is made of basalt.
What is the continental plate made of
Continental plate is made of granite.
Describe what happens in a convergent (destructive) plate boundary.
Denser oceanic plate is forced below the less dense continental plate.
Pressure builds in the subduction zone, friction causes melting to the oceanic plate and causes earthquakes when friction is released.
Molten rock builds in the chamber
When pressure builds, the molten rock escapes through a composite volcanoe.
The continental crust crumbles into fold mountains.
What was Wegners theory?
That all the continents used to be connected into one whole supercontinent called Pangea. He discovered continental drift.
What is evidence of Wagners theory
The Jigsaw fit of Africa and South America, study of fossils there are fossils of Mesantaurus on south america and africa, convectional currents, geological patterns.
Why are volcanoes and earthquakes found near plate boundaries?
Because that is where there are convectional currents and magma flows through there.
What are convectional currents.
Convectional currents is when heat from the core makes magma rise to the crust, they are importsnt because they cause earthquakes and volcano erruptions.
What is the mercalli scale?
The mercalli scale measures the damage done by an earthquake. I measures from 1-12.
What is the richter scale
The richter scale measures the tremors caused by an earthquake.
What are four impacts of the Haiti earthquake
Around 220,000 people were killed,
There were frequent power cuts.
Over 2 million people had no food and water.
1.3 million people were made homeless.
What does BRIC stand for
Brazil
Russia
India
China
What does MINT stand for
Mexico
Indonesia
Nigeria
Turkey
Explain an Emerging BRIC nation and whuy
China because it’s population has increased by 500million in the past 40 years, in the past 40 years its GDP per person was 300 now its 20k.
Explain one emerging MINT nation and why
Nigeria is a rising superpower because its currency is steady and it has a lot of oil, and is opemimg up to more foreign investments.
How thick is the crust
5-70 km
How thick is the mantle
2900km
How thick is the outer core
2300 km
How thick is the inner core
1250km
Explain two plate tectonic theories
Fossil distribution where fossils of animals like Mesantaurus are on different continents that are widely separated when the Mesantaurus couldn’t swim or fly.
Jigsaw fit where continents such as the east of South America and West of Africa can fit togther like a jigsaw, this shows that they were once together in a super continent.
What are divergent plate boundaries, where is an example
When plate boundaries move away from eachother. Theres one in iceland
What are convergent plate boundaries, give an exampl
Convergent plate boundaries are boundaries that move into each other, example of one is in the Himalayas.
Give three reasons why the haiti earthquake was so bad
The earthquake’s focus was very shallow (8km) so the energy wasn’t absorbed by the rock.
It had a magnitude of 7 on the richter scale.
The city was directly above the epicentre of the earthquake (only 15km away)
The buildings were built with low quality so it was more easy for them to colapse.
Give three impacts that the Earthquake had on people.
1.3 millions people were made homeless
Over 200,000 people were killed
There were many frequent powercuts.
Where is an example of a tsunami impact.
The indian ocean tsunami in 2004
What is a superpower nation?
A superpower is a powerful country that is capable of influencing other countries.
What are the 7 factors that makes a country country a superpower.
Size, populatiom, Resources, Military Power, Economic power, Cultural power, Political Power.
Give a reason (factor) why a country might be more valueable.
Because of its resources because resources can affect economic power, population, and cultural power which is why the country might be more wanted.
What is an emerging BRIC nation and why
China because in the past 40 years its populatiom has increased by 500m. Its GDP per persom has increased from 300 to 20k per person and china’s average life expectancy is 77 years old.
Who is an emerging MINT nation and why?
Nigeria because its currency is steady, has a lot of oil so can produce a lot of money and its opening itself up to foreign investments.
