Mid-term Vocabulary

Question 1

monsoon

Answer 1

seasonal wind; in India, the weather monsoon brings hot, dry weather and the summer monsoon brings rain

Question 2

bubonic plague

Answer 2

an infection with the bacterial toxin yersinia pestis that came from fleas from other infected animals

Question 3

hinduism

Answer 3

the common religion of India based upon the religion of the original aryan settlers as expounded and evolved in the vedas. They had many schools of philosophy and theology

Question 4

buddhism

Answer 4

a religion originated in India by Buddha and later spreading to china Burma Japan tibet and parts of southeast Asia

Question 5

reincarnation

Answer 5

in Hinduism, belief I the rebirth of the soul in another bodily form

Question 6

moksha

Answer 6

in Hindu belief, the ultimate goal of existence, achieving union with brahman

Question 7

nirvana

Answer 7

in Buddhism, union with the universe and release from the cycle of rebirth

Question 8

eightfold path

Answer 8

The eight pursuits of one seeking enlightenment comprising right understanding motives speech action means of livelihood effort intellectual activity and contemplation

Question 9

sanskrit

Answer 9

an indo European indic language in use since 1200 b.c. as the religious and classical literary language of India

Question 10

caste system

Answer 10

the rigid Hindu system of hereditary social distinctions based on castes

Question 11

cultural diffusion

Answer 11

spread of ideas, customs and technologies from one person to another

Question 12

judaism

Answer 12

monotheistic religion of the Jews, based on the laws revealed to Moses and recorded in the Torah

Question 13

christianity

Answer 13

religion based on the person and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, or its belief and practices

Question 14

islam

Answer 14

religion of the Muslims, a monotheistic faith regarded as revealed through Muhammad as the Prophet of Allah

Question 15

ten commandments

Answer 15

the divine rules of conduct given by God to Moses on Mount Sinai

Question 16

five pillars

Answer 16

one of the five religious obligations accepted by all Muslims

Question 17

torah

Answer 17

the law of God as revealed to Moses and recorded in the first five books of the Hebrew scriptures

Question 18

animism

Answer 18

belief that spirits and forces may live in animals, objects, or dreams

Question 19

shintoism

Answer 19

ancient indigenous religion of Japan lacking formal dogma; characterized by a veneration of nature spirits and of ancestors

Question 20

four noble truths

Answer 20

the four central beliefs containing the essence of Buddhist teaching

Question 21

polytheism

Answer 21

believing in more than one god

Question 22

monotheism

Answer 22

belief that there is only one god

Question 23

code of hammurabi

Answer 23

well preserved ancient law code of Babylon

Question 24

brahma

Answer 24

the creator god in later HinduIan, who forms a triad with Vishnu the preserver and Shiva the destroyer

Question 25

dharma

Answer 25

in Hindu belief, an individuals religious and morals duties

Question 26

silk road

Answer 26

an ancient caravan route that linked Xian in central China with the eastern mediterranean

Question 27

middle kingdom

Answer 27

a period of ancient Egyptian history (11-14th dynasty)

Question 28

confucianism

Answer 28

a system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius and developed by Mencius

Question 29

pax romana

Answer 29

peace that existed between nationalities within the Roman Empire

Question 30

guilds

Answer 30

in the Middle Ages, association of merchants or artisans who cooperated to protect their economic interests

Question 31

democracy

Answer 31

government in which the people hold ruling power

Question 32

hieroglyphics

Answer 32

form or picture writing developed by the Ancient Egyptians

Question 33

cuneiform

Answer 33

wedge shaped writing of the ancient sumerians

Question 34

fertile crescent

Answer 34

crescent shaped region containing the comparatively moist and fertile land

Question 35

hagia sophia

Answer 35

6th century masterpiece of bynzatine architecture in Instanbul; built as a Christian church, converted to a mosque

Question 36

justinians code

Answer 36

compilation of roman imperial law made by order of Justinian

Question 37

terrace farming

Answer 37

designed to slow or prevent the rapid run off of irrigation water

Question 38

commercial revolution

Answer 38

period of European economic expansion, colonialism, and mercantilism

Question 39

chivalry

Answer 39

code of conduct for knights during the Middle Ages

Question 40

one hundred years war

Answer 40

series of seperate wars lasting from 1337 to 1453

Question 41

manorialism

Answer 41

an essential ingredient of feudal society, was the organizing principle of rural economy