Mid Term study guide Flashcards
Subject Verb Agreement
Subjects and verbs forms should match throughout your work.
Ex: Subject is singular Verb must be singular, Plural subject - Plural verb
Be, Have, Do, Go, See, Come, Think, Make, Take, Know, Get, Say, Find, Give, Tell, Become, Show Leave, Feel, Become
Irregular Verbs.
Parallelism
Using similar words, clauses, phrases, sentence structure, or other grammatical elements to emphasize similar ideas in a sentence.
Ex:
Not parallel: She aspires to finish college, and becoming an accountant would be another goal. Parallel: She aspires to finish college and become an accountant.
Independent Clause
A group of words that contains a subject, a verb, and expresses a complete thought.
Subordinating Words
A type of word used to connect a dependent clause to an independent clause.
Ex: Because, Although, Before, After, When, Since, If, As, Once, Where, So, Unless, Even if, That, Until, In order that, Than, Provided, Though, Whenever
Fragment Sentence
A sentence either missing it’s subject or main verb
Run-on Sentence
A sentence made up of two or more independent clauses that are not joined correctly or which should be made into separate sentences.
The Two Types of Run-on
The first occurs when a writer puts no mark of punctuation and no coordinating conjunction between independent clauses.
The second is called a comma splice, which occurs when two or more independent clauses are joined by just a comma and no coordinating conjunction.
Coordinating Conjunction
Connect two equal words, phrases, or clauses. An independent clause can stand by itself as a complete sentence. To join two independent clauses, writers often use a comma followed by a coordinating conjunction.
Ex: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so.
FANBOYS
Dependent Clauses
A dependent clause contains a subject and a verb (predicate), but it provides an incomplete thought.
How to fix: combining it with another sentence to make a complete thought or by removing the dependent marker.
Pretentious Language
it’s using words and sentences that are needlessly complicated, obscure, aloof, or just incorrect.
Use such words sparingly and only when they best capture your meaning and suit your WRITING CONTEXT.
Jargon
special words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand.
Ex: business talk, using slang that works only with a certain group.
Cliché
a phrase or opinion that is overused and betrays a lack of original thought. Due to its over usage, it now lacks power.
Deductive Arguments
A deductive argument establishes a conclusion to be true by stating two or more true premises that lead to the conclusion being true. A deductive argument can be simply stated as “If A and B are true, then C must also be true.” A deductive argument uses deductive reasoning.
Inductive Arguments
An inductive argument is one in which observations of the regularity of past occurrences are presented to support conclusions about future observations and general principles.
an assertion that uses specific premises or observations to make a broader generalization
Ex: I have only seen white ducks at the pond, so there is most likely lots of white ducks in the area.
