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Mid term lesson Flashcards

1
Q

a technology that directly converts radiant light to electricity

A

photovoltaic

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2
Q

part of solar PV system stores extracted electricity

A

battery

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3
Q

part of solar PV that protects battery from over charge and over discharge

A

Charge Controller

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4
Q

part of solar PV system that converts DC to AC

A

inverter

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5
Q

the wind energy system instrument that measures wind speed

A

anemometer

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6
Q

component of wind energy system converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy

A

generator

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7
Q

wind energy system instrument that shows the wind direction

A

wind vane

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8
Q

air density

A

1.225 kg/m^3

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9
Q

refers to any organic material that is available on a renewable or recurring basis

A

Biomass

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10
Q

this thermochemical process involves direct burning of organic materials to produce either process heat or power

A

Direct combustion

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11
Q

this thermochemical process converts carbonaceous materials such as coal, petroleum, biofuel or biomass, into carbon monoxide and hydrogen by reacting the raw materials at high temperatures with controlled amount oxygen and steam

A

Gasification

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12
Q

type pf bacteria that acts upon biodegradable materials in an anaerobic condition that produces methane

A

methanogenic bacteria

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13
Q

the flammable gas produced during bacterial decomposition of organic matter which comprises of 50-60% methane

A

biogas

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14
Q

the entrance of diverted water from the main river system in a micro hydropower

A

intake

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15
Q

the term for the storage tank of diverted water in a micro hydropower system

A

headtank/forebay

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16
Q

the pipe in a micro hydropower system that directs the stored water to the powerhouse

A

penstock

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17
Q

a type of solar PV system that can generate the daily energy demand and run the appliances by itself without support from other energy source

A

standalone PV system

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18
Q

1st step in solar PV design

A

load estimation

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19
Q

load recommended for a system voltage of 12V DC

A

load > 1500 W

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20
Q

load recommended for a system voltage of 24V DC

A

1500W < load > 5000W

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21
Q

load recommended for a system voltage of 48V DC

A

load > 5000W

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22
Q

peak solar intensity at the earth surface

A

1kw/m^2

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23
Q

minimum average solar intensity in Benguet

A

4.5 hrs

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24
Q

this is a measure of how much of the total battery capacity has been consumed

A

maximum depth of discharge

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25
number of days the battery bank can support the daily energy demand without being charged
number of days autonomy
26
how many percent is the voltage drop should not to exceed in AC and DC wiring for standalone photovoltaic system
4%
27
an energy obtained from continuing and repetitive currents of energy recurring in a natural environment
renewable energy
28
its supply is renewed regularly and it can supply energy requirement continuously
renewable energy
29
any device for the conversion of renewable energy resources, either for transforming into more useful form of energy or for energy utilization
renewable energy system
30
features of renewable sources and system
renewable indigenous environmental friendly decentralized modular
31
renewable energy system
solar energy wind energy hydro energy geothermal energy biomass energy ocean energy
32
refers to energy from falling or running water which can be converted into rotary motion and in turn produces mechanical or electrical energy
hydro energy
33
types of development or hydropower facilities
1. impounding/reservoir/pondage ( large hydro) 2. run-of-river type (mini and micro hydro) 3. pumped-storage type (large hydro)
34
refers to solar radiation in which can be converted either into thermal or electrical energy
solar energy
35
application of solar energy
1. drying of crops 2. heating of solar water heater 3. cooking 4. electricity production
36
photo means
light
37
voltaic means
electricity
38
part of solar PV system that has long life of 20 years
PV module
39
part of solar PV system converts solar energy into electricity
PV module
40
part of solar PV system that the generation is during day time only
PV module
41
conversion of wind energy into useful form of energy
wind power
42
wind energy can be converted into useful form of energy such as:
1. propel ships 2. pumping water 3. grinding grain 4. generating electricity
43
Advantages of wind power
1. plentiful 2. renewable 3. widely distributed 4. clean 5. no greenhouse gas emissions during operation
44
power generation using wind is similar to _________. The wind’s ______ drives the _____ of _______
hydroelectricity power generation kinetic energy turbine generator
45
streamlined casing that encloses the working components such as gear box and the electrical generator
nacelle
46
it connects the low speed shaft to a high speed shaft that in turn connects to the generator
gears
47
it increases the rotation energy speeds about 50 times to around 1200 to 1500 rpm
gears
48
an electronic device that constantly monitors the wind speed and direction
controller
49
it switches the turbine on when it reaches the minimum speed and off when the wind reaches a set maximum speed or when the generator overheats
controller
50
it adjust the yaw mechanism that moves the turbine to keep the rotors facing into the wind
controller
51
shaped like aero plane wings to catch the wind transfer energy to the rotor hub.
rotor blades
52
Geothermal energy comes from the greek word Geo and therme meaning
geo - earth therme - heat
53
uses geothermal heat to generate electricity
geothermal energy
54
refers to all organic materials such as wood, agricultural residues, animal waste and others
biomass
55
refers to organic materials that has stored energy through the process photosynthesis
biomass
56
refers to energy produced through either thermochemical or biochemical process of organic materials primarily plant matters
biomass
57
sources of biomass available for energy
1. livestock manure 2. crop residues 3. fuel wood 4. sugar crops 5. rural and municipal wastes 6. aquatic plants
58
involves direct burning of organic materials to produce either process heat or power
direct combustion systems
59
synthesis gas is also known as
syngas
60
it is also called producer gas
synthesis gas or syngas
61
the resulting gas mixture
synthesis gas or syngas
62
a chemical decomposition or the absence of air of condensed substances at high enough temperatures
Pyrolysis
63
use of heat to break down complex chemical substances into simpler substances
pyrolysis
64
65
refers to liquid fuel produced from biomass resources and have to potential to complement or replace fossil based fuel such as gasoline and diesel oils
Bio fuels
66
local material for ethanol production
molasses
67
ethanol and gasoline blend
alcogas
68
70 to 80% coconut oil blend with diesel oil
coco diesel
69
product of esterification process using coconut oil and methanol
methyl ester
70
reaction between an acid and an alcohol with the elimination of water
ester
71
common design of wind turbine where in the shaft is horizontally positioned which include propeller type, 3 blade, multi blade and dutch type
horizontal shaft wind mill
72
common design of wind turbine where in the shaft is horizontally positioned which include propeller type, 3 blade, multi blade and dutch type
horizontal shaft wind mill
73
common design of wind turbine that are characterized by an axis of rotation that is perpendicular to the ground (vertical shaft) which include giromill, savonius, and darrieus type
vertical shaft windmill
74
maximum theoretical power coefficient (betz number)
0.593
75
velocity of the tip of the rotor to travel the circumferential distance
tip speed
76
ratio of the tip speed of the rotor to the wind speed
tip speed ratio

Renewable energy (1 decks)

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