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World Civ 1 > Mid Term Exam Study Guide > Flashcards

Mid Term Exam Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

Persian empire

A
  • Founded by Cyrus the great
  • The largest empire in ancient history
  • 539-331 BC
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2
Q

Laws of Hammurabi

A

Laws for the people of Mesopotamia. They are Sumerian and Akkadian laws.
-laws refer to all aspects of life in Babylonia

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3
Q

Assyrians

A

One of the major people’s to live in Mesopotamia during ancient times.
Lived near the start of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.

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4
Q

Pharaoh

A

A Ruler in ancient Egypt

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5
Q

Babylonians

A

People from Babylonia.
Based in southern Mesopotamia.
Ancient Akkadian-speaking state.
1885BC-539BC

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6
Q

Epic of Gilgamesh

A

Gilgamesh is tormented with the fear of death and goes to ask utnapishtim about the secret to immortality.

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7
Q

Harappa civilization

A 
Had a grid system
Had both sewer and running water.
Formed alongside the Indus River valley.// 3rd millennium BCE.
Had excessive trade
3300-1700BCE
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8
Q

Varna-social structure

A

4 Varna—primeval man

  • Brahmans-priests and monks(superior group)
  • Kshatriyas-warriors and aristocrats
  • Vaishyas-commoners(middle class)
  • Shuras-laborers/slaves and servants(polluted)
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9
Q

Lawbook of manu

A

The creation of the different castes or classes and how they are part of the universe which the deity created

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10
Q

Brahma and atman

A

Brahma-the creator in the Hinduism culture/ the first god in the trimurti
Atman-the spiritual life principle of the universe, especially when regarded as inherent in the real self of the individual.- a persons soul

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11
Q

Jainism

A

Founded by mahavira-540-468BCE
Religion that teaches salvation by perfection through successive lives and no injury to living creatures. Extreme non violence

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12
Q

Four noble truths

A

The truth of suffering
The truth of the origin of suffering
The truth of the cessation of suffering
The truth of the path to the cessation of suffering

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13
Q

Ashoka

A

An Indian emperor of the Mauryan empire who ruled almost the entire Indian subcontinent from 269-232BCE

50 years after death—empire collapses

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14
Q

The Mahabharata

A

An excerpt from the longest poem in the world that explains hierarchical social order which was believed to guarantee peace and prosperity. The piece is supposed to demonstrate the harmony that results from the practice of this social order

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15
Q

Mandate of Heaven

A

The idea that there can only be one legitimate ruler of China at a time in which the ruler had the blessing of the gods

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16
Q

Filial piety

A

A virtue of respect for ones parents, elders, and ancestors

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17
Q

The analects

A

A teaching by Confucius which had the purpose of bringing order and stability to a chaotic society. All must act properly, obey superiors, know your place in society, and practice filial piety

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18
Q

Daoism

A

Chinese philosophy based on the teachings of Lao-tzu. Advocates humility and religious piety

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19
Q

Eminence in learning

A

An expert by Han Fei Zi that explains the thoughts of legalists

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20
Q

Qin Shi Huangdi

A 
Founder of the Qin dynasty and was the first emperor of a unified China.
221-206BCE
China’s firs emperor
Legalist
Absolutist
Tomb of first emperor
-every one is slightly different
21
Q

Developments under the Zhou

A

Regional feudal states similar to Shang.
Ruled as coordinators rather than as a central govt.
military force determined strength of rulers.
Conflict led to decline into the “Period of the Warring States” (403-221 B.C.).
Introduced Mandate of Heaven.

22
Q

Alexander the Great// Alexander 3rd of Macedonia

A

a king of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon and a member of the Argead dynasty.

23
Q

Peloponesian war

A

an ancient Greek war fought by the Delian League led by Athens against the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta.

24
Q

Allegory of the cave

A

A story that Socrates used to present a metaphor in western philosophy.
This illustrates the effects of education on the human soul.
Dark room- fire shadows- unchained- experiences more real things- comes back to tell others- others don’t believe him or kill him.

If one thing is real and then there is another thing that is more real than that then there must be something more real than the real thing

25
Q

3 forms of self government

A

Oligarchy-small group of people in charge
Tyrants/ Dictatorship- champion of the people
Democracy- all free adult men meet regularly

26
Q

The odyssey

A

Epic poem

Greek mythology

27
Q

Salamis

A

Battle of salamis
-a naval battle, Athens wins
-naval war powered by the poor
Results in all free men able to vote

28
Q

Polis

A

A city state in Ancient Greece

29
Q

Jus gentium

A

International law within the ancient Roman legal systems

30
Q

Bread and circuses

A

The only remaining cares of a Roman populace which no longer cares for its historical birthright of political involvement

31
Q

Latin right

A

A set of legal rights for Latins who had not been incorporated into the Roman republic after the Latin war

32
Q

Roman constitution

A

An unmodified set of guidelines and principles passed down through precedent. Was not formal or official, largely unwritten and constantly changing

33
Q

Edict of Milan

A

A proclamation that permanently established religious toleration for Christianity within the Roman Empire

34
Q

Roman republic vs Roman Empire

A

Roman republic

  • Ctzns have say in gvmt
  • 2 parts in gvmt
  • senate=patricians
  • ctzns=plebeians
  • barbarians invaded the republic
  • senate had most power

Roman Empire

  • became Empire after republic broke down due to civil war
  • divided into provinces
  • admired Greeks
  • built huge buildings and statues
  • led by emperor
  • Christianity became official religion in 392AD
  • Nero killed his mother
BOTH
Owned Italy peninsula 
Worshipped Roman gods
Had a senate
Capital was Rome
Destroyed by civil war
Latin speaking
35
Q

Octavian

A

Augustus was the founder of the Roman principate and considered the first Roman emperor from 27BC-14AD

36
Q

3 types of culture in ancient America

A
  • Hunter/Gatherer/Fishing West of Mississippi
  • intermediate farming east of Mississippi
  • advanced farming Mexico and down
37
Q

Olmecs

A 
Mesoamerica
1500BCE
Have advanced language and religion 
Urban focus
Shamans- claim to be descendants of the gods
-can transform into animals
Practice human sacrifice
Social structure
38
Q

Teotihuacan

A

First major city in ancient americas

39
Q

The maya

A 
Slash and burn agricultural
Extremely elaborate writing
Math and astronomy 
Blood thirsty 
Killed themselves off- too blood thirsty
40
Q

Ritual sacrifice

A

Act of killing one or more humans as an offering to a deity

41
Q

Quetzalcoatl

A

Aztec god that leaves and promises to return

42
Q

The Inca

A 
The Quechua
Along the Andes mts
Control entire range of Andes mts
Hereditary dynasty
Keeps the Empire in the family for 8 gen
Terri’s farming
Totalitarian 
-the most successful 
Census and forced resettlement
43
Q

Anasazi

A

Ancestors of the modern Pueblo Indians

Buildings in the canyons

44
Q

Native American village

A

Painting that portrays a Native American village of a North American eastern woodland tribe by John White an Englishman 1585-1586

45
Q

Byzantine Empire

A 
Only empire to allow women to rule with the same power as a man
Emperor, senate, and army
Justinian was the emperor
-builds hogia Sophia-biggest building in the world at that time
Empress Theodora
Bureaucracy and military
Greek Fire
All this to protect Constantinople
46
Q

5 pillars of Islam

A 
Confession of faith
Prayer 5 times a day
Charitable gifts
Fasting in Ramadan 
Hajj to Mecca(visit at least once)
47
Q

Jizya

A

Payment toward this instead of death

48
Q

On unceasing prayer

A

A follower of St Gregory palamas shares Gregory’s teachings on the importance of prayer in the lives of all Christians

49
Q

Corpus iurus civilis

A 
The body of civil law
Consists of four parts
-the institutes
-digest
-code
-novels

World Civ 1 (1 decks)

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