Mid Term Exam Flashcards
Settlers who established the British colony in Virginia during the 17th century were primarily seeking to do what?
Make a profit
Jamestown, the first permanent English settlement in the New World, was founded by who?
A joint stock company looking to return profits to investors
What describes the attitude of 17th-century Puritans toward religious liberty?
The tolerated no religious views but their own
Who was Anne Hutchinson
A woman in the Massachusetts Bay colony who challenged gender roles and teachings of the church
What is true about the use of slave labor in colonial Virginia?
As the number of black slaves increased the number of white indentured servant decreased. Oppressed black slaves, of course, remained in change in society’s basement.
What were the Quakers known for in the colonial period ?
Acceptance of a greater role for women in public worship
Opposition to the institution of slavery
advocated for the freedom of worship
Refusal to bear arms
The Stono rebellion and the New York conspiracy trials of 1741 revealed what?
A resistance to slavery
What is true of a married woman in the colonial era?
They lost control of the property at marriage
What is true of the slave system in 18 century British North America?
Increased rapidly
Harvard College and Yale college were established primarily to do what?
Create an adequate supply of ministers
What was the purpose of the join or die picture and when was it written?
That United the colonies against France and was written before the French and Indian war
What did the proclamation of 1763?
It’s set a boundary along the crest of the appellation Mountains beyond which English colonist were forbidden to cross
England’s mercantilist policies led to what?
The subordination of the colonial economy to the mother country
By the time of the revolution, the American colonist had generally come to believe the creation of a public would solve the problems of monarchal rule because a republic what establish what?
A small limited government responsible to the people
By the time of the American Revolution, those patriots had come to believe that, a republican government, sovereignty was located in what?
The people
What was the primary purpose of the stamp act?
Raise revenue to pay for British troops in the colonies
What did the Declaration of Independence do?
It appealed to the philosophy of natural rights
Appeal to the sympathies of the English people
Criticize the provisions of the Quebec act of 1774
Accuse George the third of tyranny
Why was the battle of Saratoga significant as a turning point in the Revolutionary war?
It led to the Franco – American alliance of 1778
What contributed The most to the American victory in the revolution?
Secret French aid, as well as Russia organizing the armed neutrality which organized world powers against the British.
Who said “remember the lady’s quote and why?
It was said by Abigail Adams. She was reminding her husband to not forget women’s rights in the creation of the new government
What is true concerning the Treaty of Paris that ended the American Revolutionary war?
Recognize the United States as a sovereign nation controllingMississippi on the east side of the river and between the Great Lakes and Florida. No freedom for slaves and no rights for women
Why were the ordinances of 1785 and 1787 notable accomplishments?
They initiated a territorial policy to provide for the orderly creation of new states.
What was the greatest achievement of the government under the articles of Confederation?
The land ordinance of 1785 to settle disputes in the west
What did the United States central government have no power to do under the articles of Confederation?
Tax or regulate commerce
Why did historians often site Shays rebellion as a significant event in US history?
It showed the weakness of the federal government under the articles of Confederation
What did the Constitutional convention design the electoral college to protect the presidency from.
The popular will of the people
Over what issues did the success of the Constitutional convention of 1787 hang?
Decision over amount of representation in congress. This was solved by creating a bilateral congress. The other issue was slavery. This was solved with the 3/5 compromise
What did the 3/5 compromise at the Constitutional convention of 1787 provide for?
For purposes of representation and taxation, five slaves would be counted as three freeze people.
What was the principal motivation for drafting the bill of rights?
To check rights not specified in the Constitution.
Which member of Pres. Washington’s cabinet created the financial economic plan adopted by the administration?
Alexander Hamilton
Thomas Jefferson opposed some of Alexander Hamilton’s program because Jefferson believed in what?
The Constitution should be interpreted strictly meaning high state rights and benefits for the non aristocratic
What most accurately describes the attitude of founding fathers to a political parties?
“Parties our vehicles of ambition and selfish interests of threaten the existence of republican governments. “
What was Hamilton’s view on public policy?
The government should be ruled by the best people, central government should have more power than the states., Loose interpretation of the Constitution, a protective tariff, pro-British, pro national debt and bank
What was Jeffersons view on public policy?
Ruled by the informed masses, a weak central government to preserve state rights, strict interpretation of the Constitution, pro-French, anti-national debt.
What appropriately characterizes the violence exhibited in such episodes as bacon rebellion, the Boston tea party, shays rebellion, and the whiskey rebellion?
They were all protests to what they saw as unfairness in the government
What did George Washington warn against his farewell address
He warned against permanent alliances, political parties
Who is the main purpose of the alien and sedition acts?
The main purpose was to make it longer for a foreign nationalist to become a US citizen and prevent people from speaking out against the federal government
Why was the election of 1800 referred to as another revolution?
The party in power step down peacefully after losing the election
When Jefferson said 1801, “we are all Republicans – we are all Federalist, “what did he mean?
We are all Americans and should put down our partisan views and work together to better this country
What did the United States Supreme Court do in the Marberry versus Madison case?
They denied Marberry suit that he should be a The judge because the base of his appeal was unconstitutional. This showed that the Supreme Court had the power to judge whether something was constitutional or not
What was the trend taken by the Supreme Court under Chief Justice John Marshall?
The trend was to support federal authority and put more power in the federal court
What is a major reason why Thomas Jefferson was interested in purchasing Louisiana from France?
Jefferson was looking to avoid a war with France and a consequent alliance with England. By buying the land from France he assured there was no large French reason to fight
What did the Monroe doctrine do?
Forbade European intervention into the affairs of the Americas
What was the corrupt bargain of the presidential election of 1824?
And unfair agreement between Henry Clay and John Quincy Adams where Henry Clay supported John Quincy Adams for president in the Senate and Adams would make Clay his secretary of state
What is the American system?
A three-part system with one parts being a strong banking system, a second being a protective tariff, and third a network of roads and canals that would be the arteries of transportation
The Kentucky and Virginia resolutions, the Hartford convention, and the South Carolina exposition and protest or similar in that all involved at offense of what?
State rights
What did Andrew Jackson support?
Indian removal
Removal of federal deposits from the bank in the United States
Annexation of new territory
Use of the presidential veto power
What were the two largest groups of immigrants between 1830 1860?
The Irish and the Germans
Why was the opening of the Erie Canal in 1825 important?
It connects the Hudson river to the Great Lakes and allowed for much cheaper shipping costs
Issue to the cotton gin, what was Eli Witneys other major contribution to American technology?
He invented interchangeable parts that work together. That made it possible for the invention of the assembly line
In the early 1830s who is the majority of workers in the textile mills of Massachusetts?
Women several being young girls
What did Samuel Morse invents?
The telegraph machine
What did Cyrus McCormick event?
Mower – reaper
What did Elias Howe invent?
Sewing machine
What did Robert Fulton and event?
Steamboat
In the antebellum, what was the railroads most important impact on the economy?
It was fast, reliable, cheaper than canals to construct, and not frozen over in the winter.
Deists of the late 18th century in early 19th century believed what?
They relied on reason rather then revelation, and believed in the supreme being who created a knowable universe and endowed human beings the capacity for moral behavior.
What was held in Seneca Falls New York in 1848?
A women’s rights convention famous for the line” we hold these truths to be self evident that all men and women are created equal.”
What had the greatest impact on the institution of slavery in the United States in the first quarter of the 19th century?
The invention of the cotton gin
What was not an element of the compromise of 1850?
The organization of the Kansas territory without slavery
The French and Indian war was a pivotal point in America’s relationship to Great Britain because it would Great Britain to do what?
Impose revenue taxes on the colonies to support the British troops in America
What we women roles in the 19 century?
Many worked in factories spinning yarn, weaving cloth, making candles, soap, butter and cheese. Upon marriage they left their paying jobs and took up their new work as wives and mothers. The work at home of women was dubbed the cult of domesticity
What was Alexander Hamilton’s view on the Constitution
He interpreted the Constitution loosely saying that things like he national bank would not only be proper but necessary. He used the elastic clause of the Constitution to support federal powers
What was the great compromise?
It divided up the representation in the Congress between House of Representatives and the Senate. It also allowed for some slaves being counted in Taxation and a presentation.
What is “no taxation without representation “ and virtual representation
No taxation without representation is what the colonies cried when Britney levied taxes against them. Britain, on the other hand, saw that they were represented by virtual representation. Because they were all British citizens they represented by British leaders
Colonists from which European country generally had the most cooperative relationship with American Indians?
French colonists generally had better relationships with the Native Americans because they were pending on each other for fur trading
What was the first great awakening? And who was a major leader
It was a time in American where churches were reformed in Christianity spread. A leader was Jonathan Edwards.
Who said “the God that hold you over the pit of hell, much as one holds a spider or some loathsome insect over the fire, abhors you, and is dreadfully provoked. His wrath toward you burns like fire; looks when you as worthy of nothing else but to be cast into the fire. “
Jonathan Edwards
What was the leading cash crop in Virginia in the colonial times?
Tobacco
Who said the city on a hill quote and what did he mean by it?
Gov. Winthrop. He believed that the parents and they colonist had a covenant with God to build a holy city that would be a model for humankind
Who won the presidential election of 1840 using log cabins and hard cider?
Old Tippacanoe William Henry Harrison
What is important about the election of 1840?
It is the first time that slogans were used in the election. For example: Tippacanoe and Tyler too
