Mid Term Ch.1-9 Definitions Flashcards
1
Q
abdominal
A
pertaining to the abdomen
2
Q
absorption
A
intake of nutrients and water by cells in the GI tract
3
Q
alopecia
A
complete loss of hair
4
Q
amenorrhea
A
absence or abnormal menstrual flow
5
Q
anabolism
A
Buildup of substances in the cell; part of metabolism
6
Q
analgesic
A
Substance reduces the response to pain
7
Q
anastomosis
A
surgical union of two tubular structures
8
Q
antibiotic
A
substance that destroys bacteria
9
Q
antiemetic
A
prevents vomiting
10
Q
antipyretic
A
reduces fever
11
Q
benign
A
nonmalignant character of a neoplasm or illness
12
Q
bilateral
A
on two sides
13
Q
cancer
A
malignant neoplasm
14
Q
carcinoma
A
cancerous (malignant) and evasive tumor
15
Q
catabolism
A
breakdown of complex substances as a part of metabolism
16
Q
caudal
A
pertaining to or nearer to the tail
17
Q
celiac
A
pertaining to or nearer to the head
18
Q
cerebrum
A
brain divided into two hemispheres separated by a fissure
19
Q
cervix
A
the lower part of the uterus
20
Q
chancre
A
primary lesion of syphilis
21
Q
chemotherapy
A
treatment using chemical agents
22
Q
choledocholithiasis
A
presence of a gallstone in the common bile duct
23
Q
circumcision
A
to remove part or all of the prepuce
24
Q
cirrhosis
A
extensive fibrotic liver disease
25
colon
the large intestine, extending from the cecum to the rectum
26
colostomy
artificial opening from the colon to the outside of the body
27
contusion
bruising of a tissue
28
coronal
pertaining to the vertical plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions
29
computerized tomography (CT scan)
diagnostic tool for detecting diseases and injuries
30
cytology
study of a cell
31
decubitus ulcer
sore caused by lying down for long periods of time
32
dental
pertaining to the teeth
33
dermatitis
inflammation of the skin
34
dermatologist
specialist in disease of the skin
35
dermatology
study of the skin
36
diagnosis
determination of the cause of a disease
37
diarrhea
abnormally frequent and loose stool
38
distal
away from the center of the body
39
diverticulitis
inflammation of the diverticula
40
dudoenum
1st part of the small intestine; about 9 to 10 inches in length
41
dysphagia
difficulty swallowing
42
eczema
inflammatory skin disease often with a discharge
43
electroencephalogram
record of the electrical activity of the brain
44
enamel
hard substance covering a tooth
45
encephalitis
inflammation of the brain cells and tissues
46
endogastric
pertaining to the inside of the stomach
47
epilepsy
chronic brain disorder due to paroxysmal excessive neuronal discharge
48
episiotomy
surgical incision into the vulva
49
fibroid
uterine tumor resembling fibrous tissue
50
follicle
spherical mass of cells with a cavity or small cul-de-sac (like a hair follicle)
51
gamete
an egg cell (female) or sperm (male)
52
gastroenterologist
specialist in the stomach and intestines
53
generic name
nonproprietary name of a drug
54
gestation
carrying of egg in uterus
55
gingivitis
inflammation of the gums
56
gonads
testes or ovary
57
gonorrhea
contagious STD infection
58
gynecologist
specialist of the female reproductive system
59
gyrus
rounded elevations on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres
60
hematemesis
vomiting of blood
61
hematuria
blood in the urine
62
hepatitis
inflammation of the liver
63
hepatomegaly
abnormal enlargement of the liver
64
histology
structure and function of cells, tissues, and organs
65
homeostasis
stability of a system or the body's internal environment
66
human papilloma virus (HPV)
causes warts on the skin and genitalia; can increase risk of cervical cancer
67
hydrocephalus
enlarged head due to excess CSF in the cerebral ventricles
68
hysterectomy
surgical removal of uterus
69
iatrogenic
pertaining to illness caused by medical examination or treatment
70
idiopathic
pertaining to a disease of unknown etiology
71
ileum
3rd portion of the small intestine
72
incontinence
inability to prevent discharge of urine or feces
73
intervertebral
space between two vertebrae
74
intradermal
within the dermis
75
intussusception
slipping of one part of the bowel inside of another to cause obstruction
76
jaundice
yellow staining of tissues
77
lactation
production of milk
78
laparoscopy
examination of the abdomen using an endoscope
79
lithotripsy
crushing stones by sound waves
80
malignant
capable of invading surrounding tissues and metastasizing to distant organs
81
mammography
x ray examination of the breast
82
medulla
central portion of a structure surrounded by a cortex
83
melanin
black pigment found in the skin, hair, and retina
84
melanoma
malignant neoplasm formed from cells that produce melanin
85
melena
the passage of black, tarry stools
86
meningitis
acute infectious disease of children and young adults
87
meningomyelocele
protrusion of the spinal cord and meninges through a defect in the vertebral arch of one or more vertebrae
88
menopause
permanent ending of menstrual periods
89
menses
blood and other matter discharged from the uterus at menstruation
90
metabolism
constant changing of physical and chemical processors in the cell
91
metastasis
spread of a disease from one part of the body to another
92
micturition
passing urine
93
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
test using a magnet and radio waves to take pictures of the inside of the body
94
mutation
change in the chemistry of a gene
95
neoplasm
a new growth of a benign or malignant tumor
96
nephrectomy
surgical removal of kidneys
97
nephrolithotomy
incision for a removal of a stone
98
neuron
a nerve cell
99
neuropathy
disease of the nervous system
100
nocturia
excessive urination at night
101
nuclear medicine
procedures used to make diagnosis using radioactive material
102
obstetrician
dr that specializes in pregnant women
103
obstetrics
specializing in the care of pregnant women
104
oncology
the study of cancer
105
orchiectomy
removal of both testes
106
pallor
paleness of skin
107
palsy
paralysis from brain damage
108
pap test
examination of cells taken from the cervix
109
parenteral
giving medication by means other than gastrointestinal tract
110
Parkinson's disease
disease of muscular rigidity, tremors, and a masklike facial expression
111
Parkinson's disease
disease of muscular rigidity, tremors, and a masklike facial expression
112
pathology
study of diseases
113
pediatrician
dr that specialize in children
113
pediatrician
dr that specialize in children
114
pedis
foot
115
peristalsis
moving food along the digestive tract
116
peritoneal
pertaining to the lateral part (fibula) of the lower leg
117
pharmacology
science of preparation, use, and the effects of drugs
118
posterior
pertaining to the back of the body
119
postpartum
after childbirth
120
prenatal
before birth
121
prone
laying facedown on your stomach
122
prostate
organ surrounding the urethra
123
proteinuria
presence of protein in urine
124
proximal
located nearest to the center of the body
125
pruritus
itching
126
psoriasis
rash that has a reddish, silver-scaled patches
127
puberty
maturing from child to young adult capable of reproducing
128
pyelonephritis
inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis
129
quadriplegia
paralysis of all four limbs
130
radiation
the spreading out of anatomical parts
131
radiology
study of medical imaging
132
radiotherapy
treatment using radiation
133
remission
period in which there is a lessening or absence of the symptoms of a disease
134
saggital
pertaining to a vertical plane through the body; dividing them into left and right portions
135
salpingectomy
surgical removal of the fallopian tubes
136
sarcoma
malignant tumor originating in connective tissue
137
scabies
skin disease produced by urine
138
scleroderma
thickening and hardening of the skin due to new collagen formation
139
scrotum
sac containing the testes
140
septicemia
infection of the blood
141
sphincter
muscles around an opening
142
spina bifida
failure of ventricle arches to close during fetal development
143
stroke
disease caused by impaired cerebral circulation
144
sublingual
under the tongue
145
superior
above
146
supine
lying face up; flat on your spine
147
syncope
temporary loss of consciousness and postural due to diminished cerebral blood flow
148
syphilis
STD caused by a spirochete
149
testicle
male reproductive organ
150
toxicology
study of poisons
151
trade name
the name a business uses for advertising and sales purposes
152
tranquilizer
agent that calms without sedating or depressing
153
transdermal
going across or through the skin
154
transverse
the horizontal plane dividing into upper and lower portions
155
tumor
an abnormal swelling
156
ultrasound
use of very high frequency sound waves
157
uremia
complex symptoms caused by renal failure
158
urethra
canal leading from the bladder to the outside
159
urethrotomy
incision of a stricture of the urethra
160
urination
passing urine
161
urologist
specializes in disorders of the urinary system
162
vagus
10th cranial nerve; supplies different organs throughout the body
163
varices
swollen veins
164
vasectomy
surgical procedure for male sterilization
165
ventral
pertaining to the stomach; nearer to the center of the body
166
verruca
wart caused by a virus
167
viscera
pertaining to internal organs
168
voiding
urinating
169
aneurysm
dilation of an artery
170
abduction
moving away from the midline
171
acid
substance with a Ph balance below 7
172
addiction
psychological dependence on a substance or practice
173
adduction
moving toward the midline
174
agglutinate
stick together to form clumps
175
albumin
simple, soluble protein
176
alkaline
substance with a Ph balance over 7
177
allergen
producing hypersensitive or allergic reaction
178
alveolus/alveloli
small empty or hollow sac
179
Alzheimer disease
common form of dementia
180
anaphylaxis
immediate severe allergic response
181
anemia
decreased number of blood cells
182
angiogenesis
growth of new blood vessels
183
angioplasty
recanalization of blood vessels by surgery
184
antigen
substance capable of triggering an immune response
185
antihistamine
drug that treats allergies; can also treat vomiting
186
anxiety
distress caused by fear
187
apnea
absence of spontaneous respiration
188
arthrocentesis
withdrawal of fluid from a joint with a needle
189
arthritis
inflammation of a joint
190
arthroplasty
surgery to fix the function of a joint
191
arthroscopy
visual examination of the inside of a joint
192
asthma
difficulty breathing
