Mid Term Cards Add-On

Question 1

Mariachi Vargas (de Tecalitlan)

Answer 1

___ de Tecalitlan, Most iconic mariachi ensemble, founded in 1898 by Gaspar Vargas & still active today.

Question 2

Bajo sexto player; as accompanist to the Narciso Martinez, defined conjunto tejano style

Answer 2

Santiago Almada

Question 3

Mexican-born vihuelist & mariachi director who was leading promoter of mariachi music in the United States; his Mariachi Los Camperos earned widespread recognition.

Answer 3

Nati Cano

Question 4

Mexican Singer & actress known in the 1940s as the mother of ranchera

Answer 4

Lucha Reyes

Question 5

A portable free-reed instrument with buttons or keys on either side of a bellows; it is one of the two main instruments in conjunto music.

Answer 5

Accordian

Question 6

___ music, a term describing musics that are traditional, primarily disseminated through oral transmission, & usually associated with a specific rural setting or ethnic group.

Answer 6

Folk (music)

Question 7

Musical tradition originating in Western Mexico, especially the state of Jalisco, with an ensemble typically consisting of trumpet, violin, vihuela, guitar, guitarron, & sometimes harp.

Answer 7

Mariachi

Question 8

Cancion ___, term referring to Mexican folk & folk-derived songs with simple chordal accompaniment & an operatic vocal style; it is a main element of both mariachi & conjunto repertoire

Answer 8

Ranchera

Question 9

Mexican singer who became the most prolific & influential composer of cancion ranchera

Answer 9

Jose Alfredo Jiminez

Question 10

A large six-string bass guitar with a curved arched back; a main instrument of mariachi & other Mexican folk musics.

Answer 10

Guitarron

Question 11

A dance in duple meter of central European origin; one of the primary genres played by conjuntos.

Answer 11

Polka

Question 12

Mexican American singer, songwriter & bandleader who composed several standards of the ranchera repertoire & contributed corridos to the Chicano Movement, earning him the title of “Father of Chicano Music”.

Answer 12

Lalo Guerrero

Question 13

Grammy-award winning pop & country singer whose 1987 album Canciones de Mi Padre was influential in spurring interest in mariachi music & highlighted mariachi as a symbol of Mexican American identity.

Answer 13

Linda Randstadt

Question 14

Los ____, Conjunto norteno known in the 1960’s for their rich two-part vocal harmonies.

Answer 14

(Los) Alegres De Teran

Question 15

Accordionist & composer, considered the father of Texas Mexican music, also known as “El Huracan del Valle”.

Answer 15

Narciso Martinez

Question 16

The last stanza of a corrido or other folk song, in which the singer says farewell to its audience & closes the narration.

Answer 16

Despedida

Question 17

Ballet _____, term since the 1950’s for dance groups that merge theatrical elements of classical ballet with Mexican folk dances.

Answer 17

Folklorico

Question 18

A term referring to Mexican Americans; although it previously had negative connotations, it was reclaimed during the 1960’s civil rights movement as a symbol of pride in Mexican American heritage.

Answer 18

Chicano

Question 19

A small five-string instrument with a curved arched back; a main instrument of mariachi ensembles.

Answer 19

Vihuela

Question 20

Led by brothers Paulino & Eloy, one of the most influential groups in conjunto tejano, known for their rich three-part vocal harmonies

Answer 20

Conjunto Bernal

Question 21

Los _____, Conjunto norteno who helped define modern norteno instrumental style & used corrido form to deal with social issues.

Answer 21

(Los) Tigres del Norte

Question 22

Singer, guitarist & songwriter who in the 1930’s was known as the “Queen of Tejano Music”.

Answer 22

Lydia Mendoza

Question 23

Known as “El Charro Cantor,” Mexican opera singer who defined ranchera singing style.

Answer 23

Jorge Negrete

Question 24

Supergroup including accordionist Flaco Jimenez & guitarist Freddy Fender, which mixed conjunto tejano with R&B & country.

Answer 24

Texas Tornados

Question 25

_____ Records, one of the first Mexican American-owned record labels, influential in recording disseminating, & popularizing conjunto tejano.

Answer 25

Ideal (Records)

Question 26

A generic term for Mexican folk music, typically danced, with regional variations.

Answer 26

Son

Question 27

The way that music is disseminated from person to person.

Answer 27

Transmission

Question 28

Mexican singer & actor whose films popularized ranchera music & who became an icon of the urban working class.

Answer 28

Pedro Infante

Question 29

A rapid movement of the dancer's feet against a raised wooden platform, producing a percussive accompaniment to the music; an important feature of Mexican folk dance.

Answer 29

Zapateado

Question 30

Mexican American labor leader & civil rights activist who became an icon for the Chicano Movement.

Answer 30

Cesar Chavez

Question 31

One of the first female singers to front a conjunto tejano, known as "La Reina de la Onda Chicana" in the 1970's & 1980's.

Answer 31

Laura Canales

Question 32

Most popular & influential banda group, founded in 1937 by Cruz Lizarraga but still active today.

Answer 32

Banda El Recodo

Question 33

Term usually reffering specifically to a Sinaloa ensemble consisting of brass, woodwinds, percussions & tambora, influential in musica nortena.

Answer 33

Banda

Question 34

Mexican singer whose dark voice & dramatic, expressive style made her the most influential female singer of ranchera.

Answer 34

Lola Beltran

Question 35

Extremely influential accordionist who added vocals to the traditional conjunto tejano, retuned the accordion, & represents the transition to a modern conjunto style.

Answer 35

Valerio Longoria

Question 36

____ music, a term describing musics that are disseminated through media such as radio, records, TV, film or electronic files, subject to an aesthetic of innovation & mass appeal, & associated with the urban middle & lower classes

Answer 36

Popular (music)

Question 37

Guitar-like instrument with twelve strings, that provides accompaniment to the accordian in conjunto music.

Answer 37

Bajo Sexto

Question 38

An ensemble common on both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border, centered around the accordion & bajo sexto

Answer 38

Conjunto

Question 39

Percussion instrument consisting of a double-headed bass drum with cymbals; a vital component of banda music.

Answer 39

Tambora

Question 40

A lyrical epic & narrative song form, stemming from the literary tradition of the Spanish romance, that rose to popularity with the Revolution of 1910 as a means for sharing current events.

Answer 40

Corrido

Question 41

A Mexican cowboy, particularly from Western Mexico, their typical suit is worn by mariachi ensembles.

Answer 41

Charro

Question 42

An acculturated popular music of the Tohono O'odham and Akimel O'odham of Southern Arizona, featuring elements of conjunto, American music and native musics

Answer 42

Waila

Question 43

Enormously popular Mexican American singer whose | crossover appeal brought attention to tejano music, even before her tragic death in 1995 at the age of 23

Answer 43

Selena