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Astronomy > Mid Term > Flashcards

Mid Term Flashcards

1
Q

France made its entrance into the space race with a space mission by a cat. T or F

A

True

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2
Q

The Mayans used two major calendars. T/F

A

True

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3
Q

The Mayan civilization appeared in present-day Mexico before the Aztecs. T/F

A

True

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4
Q

Nicholas Copernicus proved that the Earth revolves around the Sun. T/F

A

True

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5
Q

Both Voyager 1 and 2 are still in communication with us after being launched in 1977. T/F

A

True

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6
Q

To date, about how old are the Egyptian pyramids Khafre and Khufu?

a. between 2,560 and 2,540 years old
b. between 3,289 and 3,309 years old
c. between 5,009 and 5,029 years old
d. between 4,579 and 4,559 years old

A

4579 and 4559

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7
Q

Which country would you have to travel to in order to see Stonehenge?

a. Honduras
b. England
c. Egypt
d. France

A

England

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8
Q

When does the Temple of Kukulkan illuminate?

  • sunset during fall and spring equinoxes
  • sunrise during fall and spring equinoxe
  • sunset during summer and winter solstices
  • sunrise during summer and winter solstices
A

sunset during fall and spring equinoxes

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9
Q

The Calendar Round used how many days to track sacred events?

260
360
365
7200

A

260

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10
Q

What year was the original Kepler space telescope retired?

  • 2011
  • 2012
  • 2013
  • 2014
A

2013

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11
Q

Which direction would you be pointing if you were showing someone the zenith?

  • down
  • up
  • right
  • left
A

up

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12
Q

What was the problem with the Vostok 1 spacecraft that initially sent the first human into space?

  • An oxygen tank was punctured.
  • The outer layers were not prepared for the high temperatures produced by friction.
  • The designers of the spacecraft failed to include an ejection system.
  • It was not built for a safe landing.
A

It was not build for a safe landing

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13
Q

How many months was the Mars Pathfinder en route to our neighboring red planet, Mars?

12 months

3 months

6 months

14 months

A

6 months

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14
Q

Who was the first person to exit a spacecraft in space?

Neil Armstrong

Buzz Aldrin

Alexey Leonov

Alan Shepherd

A

Alexey Leonov

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15
Q

The first female in space spent almost _____ hours, orbiting the Earth 48 times.

72
50
168
17

A

72

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16
Q

The distances in space are based on astronomical units, which are average distances between the Sun and Earth. T/F

A

True

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17
Q

Venus has no volcanoes. T/F

A

False

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18
Q

Mercury has one of the most unique orbits of all planets. T/F

A

True

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19
Q

Like Earth, Mercury has one moon. T/F

A

False

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20
Q

All scientists know exactly what caused the solar nebula to begin to collapse. T/F

A

False

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21
Q

What atmosphere layer is considered the first layer, closest to Earth and where all weather occurs?

  • the thermosphere
  • the troposphere
  • the stratosphere
  • the mesosphere
A

the troposphere

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22
Q

Up until the 17th century, how many bodies was the universe thought to have?

8 bodies

24 bodies

3 bodies

7 bodies

A

8 bodies

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23
Q

Mars has two polar icecaps made of both frozen water and:

dust and rock.

liquid molten rock.

frozen hydrogen.

frozen carbon dioxide.

A

Frozen Carbon Dioxide

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24
Q

What are believed to have caused the steep cliff-like north and south ridges that stretch over Mercury’s surface?

  • large meteorite impacts
  • early tectonic activity and tidal forces
  • being so close to the sun and getting burnt
  • the extremely abstract composition of the atmosphere
A

early tectonic activity and tidal forces

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25
Q

What three layers does Mercury have?

  • inside, outside, and internal
  • top, middle, and lower
  • a core, mantle, and crust
  • silicate, sulfur, and mission
A

a core, mantle and crust

26
Q

What was formed in the fifth phase of the solar system formation?

  • the rotating disks
  • the sun stars
  • the gas giants
  • Saturn’s moons
A

the gas giants

27
Q

The big bang created a gigantic cloud of dust and gas called:

  • the extrasolar.
  • the solar nebula.
  • the planetesimals.
  • the protosun.
A

the solar nebula

28
Q

The Earth orbits the Sun which technically makes the Earth a _____ because by definition this is something that revolves around another object.

  • extrasolar
  • satellite
  • gravity
  • nebula
A

satellite

29
Q

Of all the inner terrestrial planets, what planet has the densest atmosphere?

  • Mars
  • Earth
  • Mercury
  • Venus
A

Venus

30
Q

What percentage of Venus’ surface is composed of low-lying volcanic plains with large amounts of flowing lava?

  • 25 percent
  • 70 percent
  • 85 percent
  • 10 percent
A

85

31
Q

Recent counts show 53 confirmed moons of Jupiter, not including the “temporary” moons. T/F

A

True

32
Q

Jupiter is the fastest rotating planet of all of the planets. T/F

A

True

33
Q

The asteroid belt separates the inner planets from the outer planets. T/F

A

True

34
Q

t is almost as if each outer planet is a small solar system in its own right. T/F

A

True

35
Q

The interior of Saturn is estimated to be over 21,000°F (11,700°C). T/F

A

True

36
Q

What term refers to the force that acts outward on a body moving around a center from its own inertia?

  • wind speeds
  • hydrosulfide
  • complex ring system=
  • centrifugal force
A

centrifugal force

37
Q

Which of the outer planets is known as the “windy” planet?

Uranus
Neptune
Jupiter
Saturn

A

Saturn

38
Q

What term is used today to describe Jupiter’s four largest moons: Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto?

Little Red Spot
Great Red Spot
Galilean satellites
Gossamer rings

A

Galilean satellites

39
Q

What did NASA launch on August 5, 2011, to conduct in-depth examinations of Jupiter’s chemistry, atmosphere, interior structure, and magnetosphere?

Cassini

Apollo 13

Juno the spacecraft

Hubble Satellite

A

Juno the spacecraft

40
Q

What are the four parts of Jupiter’s ring system?

an inner “halo” ring, a main ring, and two gossamer rings

an inner “halo” ring, a main ring, a gossamer ring, and a moon

a dust ring, a main ring, and two gossamer rings

an inner “halo” ring, a smashing ring, and two gossamer rings

A

an inner “halo” ring, a main ring, and two gossamer rings

41
Q

Newly discovered moons of Jupiter can only be included in Jupiter’s large moon count once their _____ are formed.

orbits
cores
stars
gases

A

orbits

42
Q

What year is the next storm expected to occur on Saturn?

2100
2020
2050
2065

A

2020

43
Q

What will you find on Saturn’s bottom deck where temperatures are 32°F (0°C)?

volcanos

hydrosulphide clouds

clouds of water

ammonia clouds

A

clouds of water

44
Q

Titan is the name of _____ giant moon.

Saturn’s

Jupiter’s

Earth’s

Venus’s

A

Saturn’s

45
Q

Janet is looking at Saturn from Earth because she wants to see the bright blue color of the northern hemisphere of the planet. Why won’t Janet actually be able to observe this bright blue color?

because Saturn’s rings block it

because Earth’s atmosphere blocks it

because it cannot be seen unless you are in a spacecraft

because Venus constantly blocks the northern hemisphere

A

because Saturn’s rings block it

46
Q

Neptune is smaller than the gas giants and Earth. T/F

A

False

47
Q

Neptune’s moon Triton is larger than the dwarf planets Pluto and Eris. T/F

A

True

48
Q

All of the planets have at least one moon that is larger than Pluto’s. T/F

A

False

49
Q

Although Uranus could fit 63 Earths inside of it, gravity on Uranus is actually less than on Earth. T/F

A

True

50
Q

Uranus was the ninth body in space to be identified and named. T/F

A

False

51
Q

Which space expedition has given us a lot of information about the outer planets, including Uranus, Neptune, and the dwarf planets?

Sputnik

Vostok 1

Voyager 2

Apollo 11

A

Voyager 2

52
Q

When did the “Great Dark Spot” on Neptune disappear?

1968
1978
1989
1994

A

1994

53
Q

Atmospheric winds on Neptune are ____ times as strong as those on Earth and ______ time as strong as those on Jupiter.

nine; three

twenty; two

six; four

ten; one hundred

A

nine; three

54
Q

Which planet (or dwarf planet) is roughly the same size as one of its moons?

Uranus

Pluto

Ceres

Neptune

A

Pluto

55
Q

Which organization reclassified Pluto as a dwarf planet?

the International Astronomical Union (IAU)

the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

the International Space Station team (ISS)

the European Space Agency (ESA)

A

the International Astronomical Union (IAU)

56
Q

Which planet does NOT experience retrograde rotation?

Venus
Mars
Pluto
Uranus

A

Mars

57
Q

It’s summer time and you are spending time with some younger cousins who want to draw with chalk outside. Because you are studying astronomy, you start to draw the solar system—including orbit lines. What would be unique about how you might draw the orbits of Neptune and Pluto in comparison to the orbits of other planets?

The orbits of Neptune and Pluto are more ovular while the other planets’ are more circular, so you will draw them that way.

The orbits of Neptune and Pluto go opposite the orbits of their moons, so you will draw their moons as well.

The orbits of Neptune and Pluto will intersect at some point, so you may draw them crossing over one another.

The orbits of Neptune and Pluto both reverse course every few years, so you may draw arrows on their orbits.

A

The orbits of Neptune and Pluto will intersect at some point, so you may draw them crossing over one another.

58
Q

Which of the following did NOT cause astronomers to question Pluto’s status as a planet?

Its mass is much less than the other eight planets.

It is made up of rock and ice, like comets—not like the other planets.

It is larger than all of its known satellites.

The area beyond the Kuiper Belt compared well to the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.

A

It is larger than all of its known satellites.

59
Q

Which of these is the BEST analogy for the theory about why Uranus’s rings formed?

a piece of string that is tied at the ends, forming a circle

a glass of milk being poured into a glass that is taller than it is wide

a bowling ball hitting a set of pins, sending them spinning outward

a cup of hot coffee being poured over ice and freezing

A

a bowling ball hitting a set of pins, sending them spinning outward

60
Q

Which of the following layers in Uranus’ atmosphere is the densest part?

stratosphere

troposphere

thermosphere

Uranus does not have a dense atmosphere

A

troposphere

Astronomy (1 decks)

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