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Criminal Justice > Mid-Term > Flashcards

Mid-Term Flashcards

1
Q

Crime

A

An act that violates criminal law and is punishable by criminal sanction.

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2
Q

Consesus Model

A

Majority of citizens in a society share the same values and beliefs. Society decides whats right and wrong.

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3
Q

Conflict Model

A

Criminal Justice Model in which criminal law is determined by groups that hold economic, political, and social power in and community. The people in power control whats right and wrong in criminal law.

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4
Q

Public Order Crimes

A

Crime which involves acts that interfere with the operations of society and the ability of people to function efficiently, it is labeled criminal because it is contrary to shared norms, social values, customs and norms.

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5
Q

Criminal Justice System

A

An interlocking Network of law enforcement agencies, courts and corrections institutions designed to enforce criminal law and protect society.

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6
Q

Criminal Justice System Proposal

A

PURPOSE maintaining justice and protecting society

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7
Q

Recidivism

A

The act of commiting a new crime when a person has already been convicted of commiting a previous. Repeat Offender.

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8
Q

Criminology

A

A scientific study of a crime that causes criminal behavior.

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9
Q

Correlation

A

The relationship between two variables that tend to move in the same direction.

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10
Q

Causation

A

A relationship in which change in one variable creates a recognizable change in another variable.

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11
Q

Theory

A

An explination of happening or circumstances that are faced with observation experimentation and reasoning.

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12
Q

Hypothesis

A

A possible explination from an observed occurance that can be tested for further investigation.

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13
Q

Constitutional Law

A

Law based on constitution.

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14
Q

Statutory Law

A

Laws enacted by legislative body.

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15
Q

Strict Liability Law

A

the defendant is guilty regardless of his or her state of mind at the time of the action. Ex traffic violation

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16
Q

Bill of Rights

A

1’st ten amendments of the constitution.

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17
Q

M’Naghten Rule

A

The defendants inability to determine right and wrong. The right and wrong test.

18
Q

Intelligence Led Policing

A

relies on data or intelligence concerning past crime data patterns to predict future crime patterns.

19
Q

FBI/Terrorism

A

investigates crime in which a national law is broken or in which the country’s security is threatened. FBI is an abbreviation for ‘Federal Bureau of Investigation.’

A branch of the Department of Justice responsible for combating terrorism and investigating violations of Federal Law Enforcement.

20
Q

Local Law Enforcement Authority

A

Have the broadest authority to apprehend criminal suspects, maintain order, and provide services to the community.

21
Q

Justice Department Role

A

With the responsibility of enforcing criminal law and supervising the federal prison system, the Justice Department plays a leading role in the American Criminal Justice System.

22
Q

ATF

A

Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms. The firearms division of the agency has the responsibility of enforcing the gun control act of 1968, which sets circumstances in which firearms can be used and sold in the United States despite the possibility of the State general.

23
Q

Police Discretion

A

The courts have upheld police officers freedom to decide what law to enforce, how much to enforce it, and assume on what occasion.

24
Q

Community Policing

A

A policing philosophy that emphasizes community support for the cooperation of police in preventing crime. Puts an emphasis on working with the community.

25
Q

Problem Oriented Policing

A

A policing philosophy that requires police to identify potential criminal activity and develope stratigies to prevent or respond to that activity.

26
Q

Police Subculture

A

Includes the value and perception that are shared by members of a police department to a certain extent by all law enforcement agents.

27
Q

Tenn VS Garner

A

The United States Supreme Court ruling that set standards for the use of deadly force by law enforcement officers.

28
Q

Civil Rights Violation

A

Envolves denial of the rights afforded to all citizens by the United States Constitution not to be discriminated against on the basis of race. Discrimination against someone because of their race is a civil rights violation.

29
Q

Probable Cause

A

Reasonable ground, for making a search, pressing a charge etc. Probable Cause is the standard by which police authorities have reason to obtain a warrant for the arrest of a suspected criminal or the issuing of a search warrant. Probable in this case may relate to statistical probability or to a general standard of common behavior and customs.

30
Q

Mirandi Rights

A

The Constitutional Right of an accused person that is taken into custody by law enforcement officials such as the right to remain silent and the right to an attorney.

31
Q

Terry V. Ohio

A

the president for the ever elusive definition of reasonable suspension in stop and frisk situations.

32
Q

Exclusionary Rule

A

4th Amendment Right, a law that prohibits the use of illegally obtained evidence in a criminal case. Evidence obtained illegally will be excluded from the trial.

33
Q

Criminal Justice 2 Values

A

Criminal Justice System has two sets of underlying values. Due Process and Crime Control.

34
Q

Dual Court System

A

Multiple levels of courts Federal Level Courts and State Level Courts.

35
Q

Rule of Four

A

The Supreme Court will not decide to take on a case unless four justices approve.

36
Q

Jurisdiction

A

The authority of a court to hear and decide cases within an area of the law of a geographic territory.
Mississippi is in the 5th district which is in New Orleans.

37
Q

Brandy Rule

A

On the prosecutors side, The Brandy Rule says that the prosecution is required to give all evidence to the court, good or bad.

38
Q

4’th Amendment

A

Search and Seizure.

39
Q

Prosecutors

A

Represents the State

40
Q

Defense Attorney

A

Represents the defendant

Criminal Justice (1 decks)

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