mid-term Flashcards by MARY SCHMIDT

The prefix bio means

Life

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A special type of scientific investigation that is performed under controlled conditions, usually in the laboratory

experiment

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in order for an investigation to be valid it must be

testable

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A broad explanation for events that is widely excepted as true

Scientific theory

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The basic unit of structure and function in all living things

cell

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The man given credit for naming cells by looking at some thin layers of cork

Robert Hooke

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The inventor of the microscope

Anton van Leewenhoek

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all cells have

A cell membrane

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cells that do not have membrane organelles are called

prokaryotic

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what can be found in prokaryotic cells

DNA

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what is an example of a prokaryotic cell

bacterium

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all the parts of a cell are collectively called what

organelles

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The outermost part of a plant cell is the what

cell wall

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what is the most numerous organelle in the cell which is the site of protein synthesis

cytoplasm

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The part of the microscope which is used for initial focusing

course adjustment

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The ability of a microscope to stay in approximate focus when changing lenses

Parfocal

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as the magnification of a microscope becomes greater, the field of view becomes what

smaller

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what is the material that all cells have in common that carries the genetic information for directing all cell activities

DNA

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The molecular movement of materials from region of high to low concentration is called what

diffusion

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The membrane of the cell is to referred as a/an

selectively permeable membrane, phospholipid bilayer, and fluid Mosaic model

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this is an extensive membrane network in the eukaryotic cell that transports proteins

endoplasmic reticulum

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these are extensions of the membrane of some cells that are made of microtubules and can flutter to create cellular movement

cilia

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these are organelles which cellular respiration takes and place the part of the cell that makes ATP

mitochondria

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This organelle looks like a stack of pancakes in the cell and is the packaging plant or sell materials to be exported out of the cell

Golgi complex

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this is a dark staining part of the nucleus where ribosomes are manufactured

nucleolus

this is found in animal cells but not in plant cells

centrioles

this is found in all cells

DNA, cytoplasm, and ribosomes

cells that lack a nucleus

prokaryotic cells; bacteria

The majority of the cell membrane is composed of

phospholipid bilayer

an extension of the cell membrane which is responsible for cell movement

flagella

The theory that life on earth changes through time is called what

evolutionary theory

The structure in which photosynthesis takes place is called the what

chloroplast

this structure occupies up to 90% of the plant cells volume and it maintains cellular pressure and stores water.

Central vacuole

Salt water is what type of solution

hypertonic

The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane is called

osmosis

cells can pinch out part of their membrane to export larger materials out of the cell this process is called

exocytosis

what kind of variables are the ones we keep constant during A scientific investigation. We want to keep them constant so they do not affect the outcome of the experiment

controlled variable

making a prediction of the outcome of an experiment is called

hypothesis

when you are recording the results of an experiment and this information either disagrees or agrees with your prediction of the outcome of the experiment, you are collecting

Scientific data

when we are creating a graph to represent out data in and experiment, the Dependant or manipulated variable is placed on what

The X axis

we call an individual living thing in biology

organism

in science a phenomenon that is proven with a great deal of scientific investigation is referred to an

Scientific theory

The idea that the characteristics of living things are controlled by genes, which are passed from parent to offspring is called the

Gene theory

A characteristic that helps a living thing survive and reproduce in its natural environment

adaptation

when constructing a graph that represents the amount of rainfall for each month of the year in a given area it would be best to use

A bargraph

what is the full name of the type of microscope we use in biology class

compound light microscope

if you have a 10 X eyepiece and a 50 X objective lens, your total magnification would be

500 X

What part of the microscope allows you to adjust the amount of light used to magnify an object

diaphragm

The ability of the microscope to reveal find detail

resolution

water molecules have a strong attraction for each other due to

hydrogen bonds, polar nature of water, and cohesiveness

water sticks too many substances such as glass or metal. this chemical property of water is called

adhesion

The building block of this organic molecule is amino acids

proteins

The building block of this organic molecule is monosaccharides

carbohydrates

What term can be used to describe water molecules

polar, universal solvent, and cohesive

if a cell has a 5% solute concentration and the environment it is in has a 7% solute concentration, water will move

out of the cell

which membrane in the cell has pores in it

Nuclear membrane

which type of organisms have a eukaryotic cells

plants, animals, fungi

this organelle serves as a series of membranes that transport proteins and other substances manufactured within the cell

endoplasmic reticulum

organisms that can produce their own food are called

autotrophs

what part of the cell is composed of phospholipids

membranes

pure water is what kind of solution

hypotonic solution

some substances that are either of the wrong charge or too large to move through the phospholipid by layer of the cell membrane move with the concentration gradient by

facilitated diffusion

The process of taking material into a cell by means of enfolding of the cell membrane is called

endocytosis

The organelle that acts as the cells cleanup crew

vacuole

The release of larger amounts of material by out foldings of the cell membrane is called

exocytosis

A group of cells that perform a common function for an organism

tissues

substances will naturally move from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration this is a process known as

diffusion

The structures that maintain cell shape, help build cilia and flagella, and four in the centrioles cell division are called

Microtubules

The granular material that contains DNA within the cells nucleus

chromatin

what type of cells are protists such as the amoeba

eukaryotic

The process of utilizing energy and maintaining functions to support life

metabolism

mid-term Flashcards

(71 cards)