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BIOLOGY SEMESTER 1 > mid-term > Flashcards

mid-term Flashcards

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1
Q

The prefix bio means

A

Life

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2
Q

A special type of scientific investigation that is performed under controlled conditions, usually in the laboratory

A

experiment

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3
Q

in order for an investigation to be valid it must be

A

testable

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4
Q

A broad explanation for events that is widely excepted as true

A

Scientific theory

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5
Q

The basic unit of structure and function in all living things

A

cell

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6
Q

The man given credit for naming cells by looking at some thin layers of cork

A

Robert Hooke

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7
Q

The inventor of the microscope

A

Anton van Leewenhoek

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8
Q

all cells have

A

A cell membrane

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9
Q

cells that do not have membrane organelles are called

A

prokaryotic

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10
Q

what can be found in prokaryotic cells

A

DNA

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11
Q

what is an example of a prokaryotic cell

A

bacterium

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12
Q

all the parts of a cell are collectively called what

A

organelles

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13
Q

The outermost part of a plant cell is the what

A

cell wall

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14
Q

what is the most numerous organelle in the cell which is the site of protein synthesis

A

cytoplasm

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15
Q

The part of the microscope which is used for initial focusing

A

course adjustment

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16
Q

The ability of a microscope to stay in approximate focus when changing lenses

A

Parfocal

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17
Q

as the magnification of a microscope becomes greater, the field of view becomes what

A

smaller

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18
Q

what is the material that all cells have in common that carries the genetic information for directing all cell activities

A

DNA

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19
Q

The molecular movement of materials from region of high to low concentration is called what

A

diffusion

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20
Q

The membrane of the cell is to referred as a/an

A

selectively permeable membrane, phospholipid bilayer, and fluid Mosaic model

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21
Q

this is an extensive membrane network in the eukaryotic cell that transports proteins

A

endoplasmic reticulum

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22
Q

these are extensions of the membrane of some cells that are made of microtubules and can flutter to create cellular movement

A

cilia

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23
Q

these are organelles which cellular respiration takes and place the part of the cell that makes ATP

A

mitochondria

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24
Q

This organelle looks like a stack of pancakes in the cell and is the packaging plant or sell materials to be exported out of the cell

A

Golgi complex

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25
Q

this is a dark staining part of the nucleus where ribosomes are manufactured

A

nucleolus

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26
Q

this is found in animal cells but not in plant cells

A

centrioles

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27
Q

this is found in all cells

A

DNA, cytoplasm, and ribosomes

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28
Q

cells that lack a nucleus

A

prokaryotic cells; bacteria

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29
Q

The majority of the cell membrane is composed of

A

phospholipid bilayer

30
Q

an extension of the cell membrane which is responsible for cell movement

A

flagella

31
Q

The theory that life on earth changes through time is called what

A

evolutionary theory

32
Q

The structure in which photosynthesis takes place is called the what

A

chloroplast

33
Q

this structure occupies up to 90% of the plant cells volume and it maintains cellular pressure and stores water.

A

Central vacuole

34
Q

Salt water is what type of solution

A

hypertonic

35
Q

The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane is called

A

osmosis

36
Q

cells can pinch out part of their membrane to export larger materials out of the cell this process is called

A

exocytosis

37
Q

what kind of variables are the ones we keep constant during A scientific investigation. We want to keep them constant so they do not affect the outcome of the experiment

A

controlled variable

38
Q

making a prediction of the outcome of an experiment is called

A

hypothesis

39
Q

when you are recording the results of an experiment and this information either disagrees or agrees with your prediction of the outcome of the experiment, you are collecting

A

Scientific data

40
Q

when we are creating a graph to represent out data in and experiment, the Dependant or manipulated variable is placed on what

A

The X axis

41
Q

we call an individual living thing in biology

A

organism

42
Q

in science a phenomenon that is proven with a great deal of scientific investigation is referred to an

A

Scientific theory

43
Q

The idea that the characteristics of living things are controlled by genes, which are passed from parent to offspring is called the

A

Gene theory

44
Q

A characteristic that helps a living thing survive and reproduce in its natural environment

A

adaptation

45
Q

when constructing a graph that represents the amount of rainfall for each month of the year in a given area it would be best to use

A

A bargraph

46
Q

what is the full name of the type of microscope we use in biology class

A

compound light microscope

47
Q

if you have a 10 X eyepiece and a 50 X objective lens, your total magnification would be

A

500 X

48
Q

What part of the microscope allows you to adjust the amount of light used to magnify an object

A

diaphragm

49
Q

The ability of the microscope to reveal find detail

A

resolution

50
Q

water molecules have a strong attraction for each other due to

A

hydrogen bonds, polar nature of water, and cohesiveness

51
Q

water sticks too many substances such as glass or metal. this chemical property of water is called

A

adhesion

52
Q

The building block of this organic molecule is amino acids

A

proteins

53
Q

The building block of this organic molecule is monosaccharides

A

carbohydrates

54
Q

What term can be used to describe water molecules

A

polar, universal solvent, and cohesive

55
Q

if a cell has a 5% solute concentration and the environment it is in has a 7% solute concentration, water will move

A

out of the cell

56
Q

which membrane in the cell has pores in it

A

Nuclear membrane

57
Q

which type of organisms have a eukaryotic cells

A

plants, animals, fungi

58
Q

this organelle serves as a series of membranes that transport proteins and other substances manufactured within the cell

A

endoplasmic reticulum

59
Q

organisms that can produce their own food are called

A

autotrophs

60
Q

what part of the cell is composed of phospholipids

A

membranes

61
Q

pure water is what kind of solution

A

hypotonic solution

62
Q

some substances that are either of the wrong charge or too large to move through the phospholipid by layer of the cell membrane move with the concentration gradient by

A

facilitated diffusion

63
Q

The process of taking material into a cell by means of enfolding of the cell membrane is called

A

endocytosis

64
Q

The organelle that acts as the cells cleanup crew

A

vacuole

65
Q

The release of larger amounts of material by out foldings of the cell membrane is called

A

exocytosis

66
Q

A group of cells that perform a common function for an organism

A

tissues

67
Q

substances will naturally move from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration this is a process known as

A

diffusion

68
Q

The structures that maintain cell shape, help build cilia and flagella, and four in the centrioles cell division are called

A

Microtubules

69
Q

The granular material that contains DNA within the cells nucleus

A

chromatin

70
Q

what type of cells are protists such as the amoeba

A

eukaryotic

71
Q

The process of utilizing energy and maintaining functions to support life

A

metabolism

BIOLOGY SEMESTER 1 (1 decks)

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