mid-term Flashcards
The prefix bio means
Life
A special type of scientific investigation that is performed under controlled conditions, usually in the laboratory
experiment
in order for an investigation to be valid it must be
testable
A broad explanation for events that is widely excepted as true
Scientific theory
The basic unit of structure and function in all living things
cell
The man given credit for naming cells by looking at some thin layers of cork
Robert Hooke
The inventor of the microscope
Anton van Leewenhoek
all cells have
A cell membrane
cells that do not have membrane organelles are called
prokaryotic
what can be found in prokaryotic cells
DNA
what is an example of a prokaryotic cell
bacterium
all the parts of a cell are collectively called what
organelles
The outermost part of a plant cell is the what
cell wall
what is the most numerous organelle in the cell which is the site of protein synthesis
cytoplasm
The part of the microscope which is used for initial focusing
course adjustment
The ability of a microscope to stay in approximate focus when changing lenses
Parfocal
as the magnification of a microscope becomes greater, the field of view becomes what
smaller
what is the material that all cells have in common that carries the genetic information for directing all cell activities
DNA
The molecular movement of materials from region of high to low concentration is called what
diffusion
The membrane of the cell is to referred as a/an
selectively permeable membrane, phospholipid bilayer, and fluid Mosaic model
this is an extensive membrane network in the eukaryotic cell that transports proteins
endoplasmic reticulum
these are extensions of the membrane of some cells that are made of microtubules and can flutter to create cellular movement
cilia
these are organelles which cellular respiration takes and place the part of the cell that makes ATP
mitochondria
This organelle looks like a stack of pancakes in the cell and is the packaging plant or sell materials to be exported out of the cell
Golgi complex
this is a dark staining part of the nucleus where ribosomes are manufactured
nucleolus
this is found in animal cells but not in plant cells
centrioles
this is found in all cells
DNA, cytoplasm, and ribosomes
cells that lack a nucleus
prokaryotic cells; bacteria
The majority of the cell membrane is composed of
phospholipid bilayer
an extension of the cell membrane which is responsible for cell movement
flagella
The theory that life on earth changes through time is called what
evolutionary theory
The structure in which photosynthesis takes place is called the what
chloroplast
this structure occupies up to 90% of the plant cells volume and it maintains cellular pressure and stores water.
Central vacuole
Salt water is what type of solution
hypertonic
The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane is called
osmosis
cells can pinch out part of their membrane to export larger materials out of the cell this process is called
exocytosis
what kind of variables are the ones we keep constant during A scientific investigation. We want to keep them constant so they do not affect the outcome of the experiment
controlled variable
making a prediction of the outcome of an experiment is called
hypothesis
when you are recording the results of an experiment and this information either disagrees or agrees with your prediction of the outcome of the experiment, you are collecting
Scientific data
when we are creating a graph to represent out data in and experiment, the Dependant or manipulated variable is placed on what
The X axis
we call an individual living thing in biology
organism
in science a phenomenon that is proven with a great deal of scientific investigation is referred to an
Scientific theory
The idea that the characteristics of living things are controlled by genes, which are passed from parent to offspring is called the
Gene theory
A characteristic that helps a living thing survive and reproduce in its natural environment
adaptation
when constructing a graph that represents the amount of rainfall for each month of the year in a given area it would be best to use
A bargraph
what is the full name of the type of microscope we use in biology class
compound light microscope
if you have a 10 X eyepiece and a 50 X objective lens, your total magnification would be
500 X
What part of the microscope allows you to adjust the amount of light used to magnify an object
diaphragm
The ability of the microscope to reveal find detail
resolution
water molecules have a strong attraction for each other due to
hydrogen bonds, polar nature of water, and cohesiveness
water sticks too many substances such as glass or metal. this chemical property of water is called
adhesion
The building block of this organic molecule is amino acids
proteins
The building block of this organic molecule is monosaccharides
carbohydrates
What term can be used to describe water molecules
polar, universal solvent, and cohesive
if a cell has a 5% solute concentration and the environment it is in has a 7% solute concentration, water will move
out of the cell
which membrane in the cell has pores in it
Nuclear membrane
which type of organisms have a eukaryotic cells
plants, animals, fungi
this organelle serves as a series of membranes that transport proteins and other substances manufactured within the cell
endoplasmic reticulum
organisms that can produce their own food are called
autotrophs
what part of the cell is composed of phospholipids
membranes
pure water is what kind of solution
hypotonic solution
some substances that are either of the wrong charge or too large to move through the phospholipid by layer of the cell membrane move with the concentration gradient by
facilitated diffusion
The process of taking material into a cell by means of enfolding of the cell membrane is called
endocytosis
The organelle that acts as the cells cleanup crew
vacuole
The release of larger amounts of material by out foldings of the cell membrane is called
exocytosis
A group of cells that perform a common function for an organism
tissues
substances will naturally move from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration this is a process known as
diffusion
The structures that maintain cell shape, help build cilia and flagella, and four in the centrioles cell division are called
Microtubules
The granular material that contains DNA within the cells nucleus
chromatin
what type of cells are protists such as the amoeba
eukaryotic
The process of utilizing energy and maintaining functions to support life
metabolism
