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8th Grade Science- DMS > Mid-Term > Flashcards

Mid-Term Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Energy

A

The ability to do work or cause change

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2
Q

Physics

A

The study of matter & energy and how they interact

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3
Q

Independent variable

A

The factor that a scientist changes in a experiment

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4
Q

Matter

A

Anything that has mass or occupies space

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5
Q

Chemistry

A

The study of the properties of matter & how matter changes

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6
Q

Hypothesis

A

A possible explanation for a set of observations or an answer to a scientific question

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7
Q

Physical Science

A

The study of matter, energy, & the changes they undergo

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8
Q

Qualitative observation

A

An observation that deals with characteristics that are not expressed in numbers

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9
Q

Quantitive observation

A

An observation that deals with a number amount

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10
Q

Chemistry

A

The study of the properties of matter and how matter changes

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11
Q

List the stores of the scientific method:

A
  • observation
  • question
  • hypothesis
  • method
  • result
  • conclusion
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12
Q

List the 3 skills scientist use to learn about the natural world:

A
  • observing
  • inferring
  • predicting
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13
Q

Another name for the dependent variable?

A

Responding variable

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14
Q

Another name for the independent variable?

A

Manipulated variable

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15
Q

Wave

A

A disturbance that transfers energy from place to place

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16
Q

Crest

A

Highest part of a transverse wave

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17
Q

Vibration

A

A repeated back-and-forth or up-and-down motion

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18
Q

Transverse wave

A

A wave that moves the medium in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the wave travels

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19
Q

Dependent variable

A
  • what you measure in the experiment and what is affected during the experiment.
  • responds to the independent variable.
  • called dependent because it “depends” on the independent variable.
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20
Q

Medium

A

The material through which a wave travels

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21
Q

Mechanical wave

A

A wave that requires a medium through which to travel

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22
Q

Trough

A

The lowest part of a transverse wave

23
Q

Longitudinal wave

A

A wave that moves a medium in a direction parallel to to the direction in which a wave travels

24
Q

Wavelength

A

The distance between 2 corresponding parts of a wave

25
Q

Compression

A

The part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together

26
Q

Frequency

A

The # of complete waves that pass a certain point in a certain amount of time

27
Q

Rarefaction

A

The part of a longitudinal wave where the particles are far apart

28
Q

Hertz(Hz)

A

Unit of measurement used for frequency

29
Q

Amplitude

A

The maximum distance the particles of a medium move away from their rest positions as a wave passes through the medium

30
Q

Reflection

A

The bouncing back of an inlet or wave when it hits a surface through which it cannot pass

31
Q

Law of Reflection

A

The rule that the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence

32
Q

Refraction

A

The bending of waves as they enter a new medium at an angle

33
Q

Diffraction

A

The bending of waves as they move around a barrier or pass through an opening

34
Q

Interference

A

The interaction between waves that meet

35
Q

Constructive interference

A

The interference that occurs when waves combine to make a wave with a larger amplitude

36
Q

Destructive interference

A

The interference that occurs when two waves combine to make a wave with a smaller amplitude

37
Q

Node

A

A point of 0 amplitude on a standing wave

38
Q

Antinode

A

A point of maximum amplitude on a standing wave

39
Q

Unit for force?

A

Newtons (N)

40
Q

Unit for work?

A

Joules (J)

41
Q

Unit for power?

A

Watt(W)

42
Q

Formula for power?

A

P=W/T

43
Q

Formula for work?

A
  • W= FxD

- W= PxT

44
Q

list the 6 simple machines:

A
  1. Screw
  2. Inclined plane
  3. Wedge
  4. Wheel & Axle
  5. Pulley
  6. Lever
45
Q

Screw

A

A simple machine that is an inclined plane wrapped around a central cylinder to form a spiral

46
Q

wedge

A

A simple machine that is an inclined plane that moves

47
Q

Wheel & Axle

A

A simple machine that consists of 2 attached circular or cylindrical objects that rotate about a common axis, each one with a different radius

48
Q

Pulley

A

A simple machine that consists of a grooved wheel with a rope or cable wrapped around it

49
Q

Lever

A

A simple machine that consists of a rigid bar that pivots about a fixed point

50
Q

inclined plane

A

a simple machine that is a flat, sloped surface

51
Q

chemical Energy

A

A form of potential energy that is stored in chemical bonds between atoms

52
Q

Mechanical Energy

A

kinetic or potential energy associated with the motion or position of an object

53
Q

Kinetic Energy

A

Energy that an object has due to its motion

54
Q

Potential Energy

A

Stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object

8th Grade Science- DMS (1 decks)

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