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Film 3F28 > Mid-Term > Flashcards

Mid-Term Flashcards

1
Q

Define cinematography.

A

Greek word meaning writing with motion.

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2
Q

Define sound.

A

Vibrations travelling through the air as sound waves.

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3
Q

Define frequency.

A

The rate (number of times per second) that sound waves cycle from positive to negative positions.

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4
Q

What is frequency measured in?

A

Hertz (Hz).

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5
Q

Define amplitude.

A

The strength of the sound wave.

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6
Q

What is amplitude measured in?

A

Decibles (dB-SPL).

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7
Q

Define phase.

A

Comparing the timing between 2 similar sound waves.

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8
Q

How is phased measured?

A

In degrees from 0 to 360.

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9
Q

List the four types of mics talked about in class.

A

Dynamic, condensor, carbon and ribbon.

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10
Q

Describe a dynamic mic.

A

Has a large magnet, wire and diaphragm. Called “rugged”.

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11
Q

Describe a condenser mic.

A

Variable compasitor and sensitive.

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12
Q

Describe a carbon mic.

A

Used in early telephone, now used mainly for effect.

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13
Q

Describe a ribbon microphone.

A

High end studios used this as it is the best mic.

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14
Q

What are the two types of power sources mics could have?

A

Battery and phantom source.

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15
Q

What are the 4 types of pick up patterns mics could have?

A

omni, cardioid, super cardioid and bi-directonal.

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16
Q

Describe an omni pickup pattern.

A

All around.

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17
Q

Describe a cardiod pickup pattern.

A

Directional.

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18
Q

Describe super cardiod pickup pattern.

A

Focused directional.

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19
Q

Describe bi-directional pickup pattern.

A

Two directional.

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20
Q

What are some elements of professionals?

A

Be on time, be dependable, eat and sleep well before hand, handle all equipment with respect, remain calm and focused, have a good attitude, etc.

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21
Q

When was War of the Worlds first broadcast?

A

October 30, 1938 from 8-9. (The second world war was ramping up).

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22
Q

What is a microphone?

A

A transducer.

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23
Q

What frequency of sound can humans hear?

A

20-20,000 Hz.

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24
Q

What are plosives?

A

“Pops” in the p-sound.

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25
Q

What are sybilances?

A

“S” or “CH” sounds.

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26
Q

Who was Claude Chappe?

A

A Frenchman who created the system of semaphores in 1974.

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27
Q

What are semaphores?

A

A flag system.

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28
Q

Who is Samuel B. Morse?

A

Inventor of Morse code in 1835.

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29
Q

What is morse code?

A

A series of dots and dashes.

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30
Q

Who is Paul Nipkow?

A

A German scientists who invented the Nipkow disk in 1884.

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31
Q

What is a Nipkow disk?

A

A metal disc which has a spiral series of perforations made in it such that when the disc was rotated, it could scan objects by “breaking” the objects into small segments.

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32
Q

Who is Karl Barun?

A

A German who invented the cathode ray tube (CRT) in 1897.

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33
Q

Who filed the first patent for a tv system?

A

Boris Rosing of Russia in 1907.

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34
Q

Who is A.A. Campbell Swinton?

A

A British man who was an armchair engineer who came up with the idea of television in 1908.

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35
Q

Who is John Logie Baird?

A

A Scottish man who invented his own television that would show an outline of his hand in 1992. He went on to even display colour exhibits using Nipkow disks in 1928 using a dummy named “Stooky Bill”.

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36
Q

Who is Vladimir Zworykin?

A

A Russian ex-patriot who had worked for Boris Rosing who started working for RCA/NBC under David Sarnoff. In 1923 he invented the “iconoscope”.

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37
Q

What is an iconoscope?

A

The first practical video pickup tube.

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38
Q

What was the iconoscope so practical?

A

It required less light to produce an image.

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39
Q

Who is David Sarnoff?

A

A visionary in television who in 1923 suggested to RCA television as a medium of mass entertainment.

40
Q

Who is Philo T. Farnsworth?

A

An American who created a working electronic television system in 1927.

41
Q

Who is Kenjiro Takayangai?

A

A Japanese engineer who was working on electronic television in 1927.

42
Q

Who’s invention was used to cover the 1936 Olympics in Germany?

A

Farnsworth’s.

43
Q

What happened to television developments in 1939?

A

They were completely halted until 1946 due to the war.

44
Q

What is the National Television System Committee (NTSC)?

A

A committee created in 1940 to establish and maintain standards in television.

45
Q

How many scanning lines in television is the standard today?

A

525.

46
Q

What caused America to halt all television developments in 1941?

A

The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour.

47
Q

What did TIME magazine call “the most resounding industrial flop of 1956”?

A

Colour TV.

48
Q

When was the first colour profit from colour TV?

A

1965 when RCA showed Walt Disney’s Wonderful World of Colour.

49
Q

When was colour television introduced in Canada?

A

1966.

50
Q

Define depth of field.

A

Distance in front or behind the subject that is in acceptable focus.

51
Q

Define persistence of vision.

A

An image stays “in” an eye for .12 of a second.

52
Q

What 2 elements make up the perception of light?

A

Depth of field and persistence of vision.

53
Q

What happens when a light hits a mirror?

A

It is reflected.

54
Q

What happens when a light hits glass?

A

It is refracted.

55
Q

When do molecules stop moving?

A

-237C or 0K.

56
Q

What colour temperature do candles have?

A

1800 K.

57
Q

What colour temperature do incandescent lights have?

A

2800 K.

58
Q

What colour temperature does a lighting kit have?

A

3200 K.

59
Q

What colour temperature does nominal daylight have?

A

5600 K.

60
Q

What happens when you shine a light on a 3D object?

A

You get a highlight, shadow, umbra, shadow side and reflection.

61
Q

What is another name for the three point lighting set up?

A

Hollywood lighting.

62
Q

True or false, hard light casts a shadow.

A

True.

63
Q

What can one use lighting for?

A

To create mood, tone and era.

64
Q

Define colour temperature.

A

The measuring of spectral output of a black body (measured in K).

65
Q

Describe the key light.

A

Left or right side of the subject, 45o over and up, hard or soft ligt, 100 fc and the starting point of the lighting.

66
Q

Describe the fill light.

A

Opposite side of the key light, 45o and up, soft light, 50 fc.

67
Q

Describe the back light.

A

Behind the subject, opposite the key, 200 fc.

68
Q

Describe the background light.

A

Separates the subject from the background.

69
Q

Define a shallow depth of field.

A

Not a large distance that’s in acceptably sharp focus.

70
Q

True or false, soft light casts a shadow?

A

False.

71
Q

What does the aperture do?

A

Allows more or less light into the lens.

72
Q

What is focal length?

A

The distance from the optical centre of the lens to the focal plane, measured in mm.

73
Q

What does a longer focal length mean?

A

A smaller depth of field.

74
Q

What is a f-stop?

A

The ratio between the diameter of the opening and the focal length.

75
Q

Define electricity.

A

The movement of electrons through a conductor.

76
Q

What is an insalator.

A

Something that electrons won’t flow through.

77
Q

What are the three parts of ohm’s law?

A

Voltage, resistance and current.

78
Q

Define voltage.

A

Pressure that is pushing current (volts).

79
Q

Define current.

A

The amount of electron flow (amps).

80
Q

Define resistance.

A

The opposition to the flow (ohm).

81
Q

True or false, the wider the wire the better for working on set?

A

True.

82
Q

What is A.C. electricity?

A

Alternating current, what is used today, 60hz.

83
Q

What is D.C. electricity?

A

Direct current, in batters and solar panels.

84
Q

What is a bayer filter?

A

A filter that splits light into red, green and blue.

85
Q

What is a full frame?

A

36 mm by 24 mm.

86
Q

What is a pan?

A

A camera movement that’s left to right or vice versa.

87
Q

What is a tilt?

A

A camera movement that’s up or down.

88
Q

What types of shots are there?

A

Long shot, medium shot, close up, extreme close up.

89
Q

What is the rule of thirds?

A

Everything on the screen must be equally divided by thirds.

90
Q

Define lead space.

A

Leaving room for the actor’s movement.

91
Q

Define head space.

A

Space for the head.

92
Q

Define leading lines.

A

Lines that lead the eyes toward an important thing in the frame.

93
Q

Define angle of elevation.

A

How high or low a camera is.

94
Q

Define objective point of view.

A

Whatever’s playing out does.

95
Q

Define subjective point of view.

A

From the subject.

96
Q

Define reportorial point of view.

A

Breaking the fourth wall.

97
Q

What is a di-croic prism assembly?

A

A prism assembly that splits light into red, green and blue sensors.

Film 3F28 (3 decks)

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