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Mid term 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What constitutes plagiarism?

A

Presenting work or ideas from another source as your own without full acknowledgment.

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2
Q

When do you need to cite sources?

A

Any time you use facts, statistics, dates, or unoriginal information.

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3
Q

What is a citation error?

A

If a source appears in-text but isn’t listed in the Works Cited page.

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4
Q

What is the difference in citation formats between MLA and APA?

A

MLA uses page numbers in in-text citations; APA uses the publication year.

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5
Q

What are the key elements of in-text citations?

A
  • Author(s)
  • Date of Publication (APA only)
  • Page Number(s)
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6
Q

When are page numbers required in MLA citations?

A

When directly quoting or referencing specific parts of a source.

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7
Q

When are page numbers required in APA citations?

A

For direct quotes, but not for paraphrasing.

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8
Q

What are the required sections of academic papers?

A
  • Title Page
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Literature Review
  • Methodology
  • Results
  • Discussion/Analysis
  • Conclusion
  • References/Bibliography/Works Cited
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9
Q

What is the purpose of an abstract?

A

A brief summary of the research question, methodology, results, and conclusion.

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10
Q

What are the font requirements for MLA format?

A

Times New Roman, 12-point font, double-spaced.

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11
Q

What is the word count requirement for the paper?

A

The paper must be between 4,000 and 5,000 words.

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12
Q

What is the definition of an IRB?

A

The Institutional Review Board protects the rights and welfare of human research subjects.

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13
Q

What are the consent requirements for research involving human subjects?

A

Obtain informed consent, ensure understanding of the study, and assure confidentiality.

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14
Q

What are best practices for survey question types?

A
  • Closed-ended questions
  • Open-ended questions
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15
Q

What is random sampling?

A

Every individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected.

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16
Q

What is stratified sampling?

A

The population is divided into subgroups, and participants are randomly selected from each.

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17
Q

What is systematic sampling?

A

A fixed, periodic interval is used to select participants.

18
Q

What is convenience sampling?

A

Participants are chosen based on ease of access or availability.

19
Q

What is a quasi-experimental design?

A

Similar to experimental design but lacks random assignment of participants.

20
Q

What is correlational research design?

A

Examines the relationship between two or more variables without manipulating them.

21
Q

What is descriptive research?

A

Describes characteristics or behaviors of a population without manipulating variables.

22
Q

What percentage of the final score does the final paper account for in AP Research?

23
Q

What are the presentation requirements in AP Research?

A

A 15-minute presentation with a 5-minute Q&A session, worth 25% of the final score.

24
Q

What is the role of an expert advisor in research?

A

Provides guidance but cannot conduct the research for the student.

25
Why is the research question important?
It guides the direction of the study and influences methodology and analysis.
26
What is the MLA formatting requirement for long quotations?
Start on a new line, indent one inch from the left margin, no quotation marks, and maintain double-spacing ## Footnote Use parenthetical citation (author’s last name and page number) after the closing punctuation.
27
What is the length requirement for a long quotation in MLA?
More than four lines of text ## Footnote This applies to direct quotations from sources.
28
What is the APA formatting requirement for long quotations?
Start on a new line, indent half an inch from the left margin, no quotation marks, and maintain double-spacing ## Footnote The citation includes author, year of publication, and page number if applicable.
29
What is the length requirement for a long quotation in APA?
40 words or more ## Footnote This is the standard for direct quotations in APA style.
30
What is required for research involving human subjects?
Obtaining informed consent from all participants ## Footnote Informed consent ensures participants understand the study, risks, and their rights.
31
What must participants understand before giving consent?
The nature of the study, potential risks, and their right to withdraw at any time without penalty ## Footnote Understanding these factors is crucial for ethical research practices.
32
How must consent be given?
Voluntarily and without any coercion ## Footnote Coercion undermines the integrity of the consent process.
33
What additional consent is required for minors or vulnerable groups?
Parental or guardian consent, in addition to the participant's own consent ## Footnote This ensures that vulnerable populations are protected in research.
34
What should consent forms outline?
The study’s purpose, procedures, risks, and how data will be used ## Footnote Clear consent forms help participants make informed decisions.
35
What must be assured to participants regarding their information?
Confidentiality and privacy ## Footnote Protecting participants' information is essential for ethical research.
36
What opportunity should participants have before agreeing to participate?
The opportunity to ask questions ## Footnote This helps clarify any uncertainties participants may have.
37
What is the definition of Consecutive sampling?
All participants from a population who meet certain criteria are included in the sample over a specific time period ## Footnote This method is useful when studying a specific event or trend but may not represent a broader population.
38
How does Quota sampling differ from stratified sampling?
Quota sampling is similar to stratified sampling, but without random selection. The researcher ensures specific groups are represented, but the sample is filled based on convenience or other non-random methods, which can lead to bias. ## Footnote This method can introduce bias due to the non-random selection process.
39
What is Judgmental sampling?
The researcher selects participants based on their judgment or expertise, usually because they believe the individuals will provide valuable insights ## Footnote This type of sampling can be highly subjective and biased.
40
What is the Snowball sampling method?
Participants refer others to join the study, often used when studying hidden or hard-to-reach populations ## Footnote It's effective for hard-to-find groups, but the sample may be biased because it grows from referrals within a specific network.

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