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CSCI 1000 > mid term > Flashcards

mid term Flashcards

1
Q

Digital literacy

A

having a current knowledge and understanding of computers, mobile devices, the Internet, and related technologies

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2
Q

Output device

A

any hardware component that conveys information from a computer or mobile device to one or more people

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3
Q

What does memory consist of?

A

electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed and the data needed by those instructions

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4
Q

internet

A

a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals

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5
Q

Browser

A

software that enables users with an Internet connection to access and view webpages on a computer or mobile device

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6
Q

Search engine

A

software that finds websites, webpages, images, videos, news, maps, and other information related to a specific topic

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7
Q

Online social Network

A

encourages members to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users

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8
Q

Green Computing

A

involves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computer

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9
Q

Software or program

A

tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them

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10
Q

Software developer

A

someone who develops programs and apps or writes the instructions that direct the computer or mobile device to process data into information

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11
Q

communication Device

A

hardware capable of transferring items from computers and devices to transmission media and vice versa

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12
Q

Network

A

a collection of computers and devices connected together via communications devices and transmission media

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13
Q

Cybercafe

A

a location that provides computers with Internet access, usually for a fee

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14
Q

Hotspot

A

a wireless network that provides Internet connections to mobile computers and devices

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15
Q

Internet Service Provider

A

a business that provides individuals and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee

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16
Q

IP Address

A

a sequence of numbers that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet

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17
Q

Domain name

A

a text-based name that corresponds to the IP address

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18
Q

DNS server

A

translates the domain name into its associated IP address

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19
Q

Web Publishing

A

the development and maintenance of websites

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20
Q

graphic

A

a digital representation of nontext information

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21
Q

What are types of Graphics

A

BMP, GIF, JPEG, PNG, and TIFF

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22
Q

infographic

A

a visual representation of data and information, designed to communicate quickly, simplify complex concepts, or present patterns or trends

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23
Q

animation

A

the appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in sequence

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24
Q

Virtual Reality

A

the use of computers to simulate a real or imagined environment that appears as a three-dimensional space

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25
Q

VoIP

A

enables users to speak to other users over the Internet

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26
Q

FTP (file Transfer Protocal)

A

an Internet standard that permits file uploading and downloading to and from other computers on the Internet

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27
Q

FTP server

A

a computer that allows users to upload and/or download files using FTP

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28
Q

Netiquette

A

the code of acceptable Internet behavior

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29
Q

Personal Computer

A

a computer that can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself and is intended to be used by one person at a time

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30
Q

Mobile computer

A

a portable personal computer, designed so that a user easily can carry it from place to place

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31
Q

Server

A

a computer dedicated to providing one or more services to other computers or devices on a network

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32
Q

Mainframe

A

a large, expensive, powerful server that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously

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33
Q

supercomputer

A

the fastest, most powerful computer — and the most expensive

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34
Q

Terminal

A

a computer, usually with limited processing power, that enables users to send data to and/or receive information from a server, or host computer

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35
Q

thin client

A

a terminal that looks like a desktop but has limited capabilities and components

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36
Q

cloud computing

A

refers to an environment of servers that house and provide access to resources users access through the Internet

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37
Q

embedded computer

A

a special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product

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38
Q

a port

A

the point at which a peripheral device attaches to or communicates with a computer or mobile device so that the peripheral device can send data to or receive information from the computer or mobile device

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39
Q

connector

A

joins a cable to a port

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40
Q

USB port

A

short for universal serial bus port, can connect up to 127 different peripheral devices together with a single connector

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41
Q

Uninterrupted Power Supply UPS

A

a device that contains surge protection circuits and one or more batteries that can provide power during a temporary or permanent loss of power

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42
Q

computer vision syndrom

A

a technology-related health condition that affects eyesight

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43
Q

ergonmics

A

an applied science devoted to incorporating comfort, efficiency, and safety into the design of items in the workplace

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44
Q

technology addiction

A

occurs when the technology consumes someone’s entire social life

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45
Q

clip art

A

a collection of drawings, photos, and other images

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46
Q

Spreadsheet software

A

allows users to organize data in rows and columns and perform calculations

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47
Q

database

A

a collection of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval, and use of that data

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48
Q

note taking software

A

an application that enables users to enter typed text, handwritten comments, drawings, or sketches anywhere on a page

49
Q

Calendar and contact management software

A

is an application that helps you organize your calendar, keep track of contacts, and share this information with other devices or users

50
Q

software suit

A

a collection of individual programs available together as a unit

51
Q

project management software

A

an application that allows a user to plan, schedule, track, and analyze the events, resources, and costs of a project

52
Q

document managing software

A

an application that provides a means for sharing, distributing, and searching through documents by converting them into a format that can be viewed by any user

53
Q

personal firewall

A

a security tool that detects and protects a personal computer and its data from unauthorized intrusions

54
Q

spyware

A

a program placed on a computer or mobile device without the user’s knowledge that secretly collects information about the user and then communicates the information it collects to some outside source while the user is online

55
Q

adware

A

a program that displays an online advertisement in a banner or pop-up window on webpages, email messages, or other Internet services

56
Q

uninstaller

A

is a tool that removes a program, as well as any associated entries in the system files

57
Q

disc cleanup tool

A

searches for and removes unnecessary files

58
Q

disk defragmenter

A

a tool that reorganizes the files and unused space on a computer’s hard disk so that the operating system accesses data more quickly and programs run faster

59
Q

backup tool

A

allows users to copy, or back up, selected files or the contents of an entire storage medium to another storage location

60
Q

digital security risk

A

any event or action that could cause a loss of or damage to a computer or mobile device hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability

61
Q

cybercrime

A

an online or Internet-based illegal act

62
Q

malware

A

short for malicious software, consists of programs that act without a user’s knowledge and deliberately alter the operations of computers and mobile devices

63
Q

botnet

A

a group of compromised computers or mobile devices connected to a network

64
Q

denial of service attack

A

disrupts computer access to Internet services

65
Q

back door

A

a program or set of instructions in a program that allow users to bypass security controls

66
Q

spoofing

A

a technique intruders use to make their network or Internet transmission appear legitimate

67
Q

firewall

A

hardware and/or software that protects a network’s resources from intrusion

68
Q

access control

A

define who can access a computer, device, or network; when they can access it; and what actions they can take while accessing it

69
Q

biometric device

A

authenticates a person’s identity by translating a personal characteristic into a digital code that is compared with a digital code in a computer

70
Q

digital forensics

A

the discovery, collection, and analysis of evidence found on computers and networks

71
Q

information theft

A

occurs when someone steals personal or confidential information

72
Q

encryption

A

a process of converting data that is readable by humans into encoded characters to prevent unauthorized access

73
Q

digital signature

A

an encrypted code that a person, website, or organization attaches to an electronic message to verify the identity of the sender

74
Q

digital certificate

A

a notice that guarantees a user or a website is legitimate

75
Q

secure site

A

A website that uses encryption techniques to secure its data

76
Q

hardware theft

A

the act of stealing digital equipment

77
Q

hardware vandalism

A

the act of defacing or destroying digital equipment

78
Q

backup

A

a duplicate of a file, program, or media that can be used if the original is lost, damaged, or destroyed

79
Q

full backup

A

copies all the files on a computer

80
Q

differential backup

A

copies only the files that have changed since the last backup

81
Q

incremental backup

A

copies only the files that have changes since the last full or incremental backup

82
Q

selective backup

A

user chooses which files to include in the backup

83
Q

continuous data protection

A

all data is backed up when a change is made

84
Q

computer ethics

A

the moral guidelines that govern the use of computers, mobile devices, and information systems

85
Q

intellectual property

A

refers to unique and original works such as ideas, inventions, art, writings, processes, company and product names, and logos

86
Q

digital rights management

A

a strategy designed to prevent illegal distribution of movies, music, and other digital content

87
Q

code of conduct

A

a written guideline that helps determine whether a specification is ethical/unethical or allowed/not allowed

88
Q

information privacy

A

refers to the right of individuals and companies to deny or restrict the collection and use of information about them

89
Q

cookie

A

a small text file that a web server stores on your computer

90
Q

phishing

A

a scam in which a perpetrator sends an official looking email message that attempts to obtain your personal and/or financial information

91
Q

clickjacking

A

an object that can be clicked on a website contains a malicious program

92
Q

social engeneering

A

defined as gaining unauthorized access to or obtaining confidential information by taking advantage of the trusting human nature of some victims and the naivety of others

93
Q

content filtering

A

the process of restricting access to certain material on the Web

94
Q

web filtering software

A

restricts access to specified websites

95
Q

motherboard

A

the main circuit board of the computer

96
Q

processor

A

interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer

97
Q

multi-core processor

A

is a single chip with two or more separate processor cores

98
Q

control unit

A

the component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer

99
Q

arithmetic logic unit

A

performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operations

100
Q

system clock

A

controls the timing of all computer operations

101
Q

clock speed

A

The pace of the system clock

102
Q

The leading manufacturers of personal computer processor chips

A

intel and AMD

103
Q

analog signals

A

signals are continuous and vary in strength and quality

104
Q

digital signals

A

are in one of two states: on or off

105
Q

memory

A

consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and the results of processing the data

106
Q

The system unit contains two types of memory

A

volatile and nonvolatile

107
Q

Volatile memory

A

loses its content when power is off and uses RAM

108
Q

Nonvolatile memory

A

does not lose content when power is off uses ROM, flash memory and CMOS

109
Q

memory chace

A

speeds the processes of the computer because it stores frequently used instructions and data

110
Q

read only memory (ROM)

A

refers to memory chips storing permanent data and instructions

111
Q

flash memory

A

can be erased electronically and rewritten

112
Q

access time

A

the amount of time it takes the processor to read from memory

113
Q

adapter card

A

enhances functions of a component of a desktop or server system unit and/or provides connections to peripherals

114
Q

expansion slot

A

a socket on a desktop or server motherboard that can hold an adapter card

115
Q

plug and play

A

the computer automatically can recognize peripheral devices as you install them

116
Q

a Bus

A

allows the various devices both inside and attached to the system unit to communicate with each other

117
Q

word size

A

the number of bits the processor can interpret and execute at a given time

118
Q

what are three types of buses a computer can have

A

system, backside, expansion

CSCI 1000 (1 decks)

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