mid term Flashcards
1
Q
Digital literacy
A
having a current knowledge and understanding of computers, mobile devices, the Internet, and related technologies
2
Q
Output device
A
any hardware component that conveys information from a computer or mobile device to one or more people
3
Q
What does memory consist of?
A
electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed and the data needed by those instructions
4
Q
internet
A
a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals
5
Q
Browser
A
software that enables users with an Internet connection to access and view webpages on a computer or mobile device
6
Q
Search engine
A
software that finds websites, webpages, images, videos, news, maps, and other information related to a specific topic
7
Q
Online social Network
A
encourages members to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users
8
Q
Green Computing
A
involves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computer
9
Q
Software or program
A
tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them
10
Q
Software developer
A
someone who develops programs and apps or writes the instructions that direct the computer or mobile device to process data into information
11
Q
communication Device
A
hardware capable of transferring items from computers and devices to transmission media and vice versa
12
Q
Network
A
a collection of computers and devices connected together via communications devices and transmission media
13
Q
Cybercafe
A
a location that provides computers with Internet access, usually for a fee
14
Q
Hotspot
A
a wireless network that provides Internet connections to mobile computers and devices
15
Q
Internet Service Provider
A
a business that provides individuals and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee
16
Q
IP Address
A
a sequence of numbers that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet
17
Q
Domain name
A
a text-based name that corresponds to the IP address
18
Q
DNS server
A
translates the domain name into its associated IP address
19
Q
Web Publishing
A
the development and maintenance of websites
20
Q
graphic
A
a digital representation of nontext information
21
Q
What are types of Graphics
A
BMP, GIF, JPEG, PNG, and TIFF
22
Q
infographic
A
a visual representation of data and information, designed to communicate quickly, simplify complex concepts, or present patterns or trends
23
Q
animation
A
the appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in sequence
24
Q
Virtual Reality
A
the use of computers to simulate a real or imagined environment that appears as a three-dimensional space
25
VoIP
enables users to speak to other users over the Internet
26
FTP (file Transfer Protocal)
an Internet standard that permits file uploading and downloading to and from other computers on the Internet
27
FTP server
a computer that allows users to upload and/or download files using FTP
28
Netiquette
the code of acceptable Internet behavior
29
Personal Computer
a computer that can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself and is intended to be used by one person at a time
30
Mobile computer
a portable personal computer, designed so that a user easily can carry it from place to place
31
Server
a computer dedicated to providing one or more services to other computers or devices on a network
32
Mainframe
a large, expensive, powerful server that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously
33
supercomputer
the fastest, most powerful computer — and the most expensive
34
Terminal
a computer, usually with limited processing power, that enables users to send data to and/or receive information from a server, or host computer
35
thin client
a terminal that looks like a desktop but has limited capabilities and components
36
cloud computing
refers to an environment of servers that house and provide access to resources users access through the Internet
37
embedded computer
a special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product
38
a port
the point at which a peripheral device attaches to or communicates with a computer or mobile device so that the peripheral device can send data to or receive information from the computer or mobile device
39
connector
joins a cable to a port
40
USB port
short for universal serial bus port, can connect up to 127 different peripheral devices together with a single connector
41
Uninterrupted Power Supply UPS
a device that contains surge protection circuits and one or more batteries that can provide power during a temporary or permanent loss of power
42
computer vision syndrom
a technology-related health condition that affects eyesight
43
ergonmics
an applied science devoted to incorporating comfort, efficiency, and safety into the design of items in the workplace
44
technology addiction
occurs when the technology consumes someone’s entire social life
45
clip art
a collection of drawings, photos, and other images
46
Spreadsheet software
allows users to organize data in rows and columns and perform calculations
47
database
a collection of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval, and use of that data
48
note taking software
an application that enables users to enter typed text, handwritten comments, drawings, or sketches anywhere on a page
49
Calendar and contact management software
is an application that helps you organize your calendar, keep track of contacts, and share this information with other devices or users
50
software suit
a collection of individual programs available together as a unit
51
project management software
an application that allows a user to plan, schedule, track, and analyze the events, resources, and costs of a project
52
document managing software
an application that provides a means for sharing, distributing, and searching through documents by converting them into a format that can be viewed by any user
53
personal firewall
a security tool that detects and protects a personal computer and its data from unauthorized intrusions
54
spyware
a program placed on a computer or mobile device without the user’s knowledge that secretly collects information about the user and then communicates the information it collects to some outside source while the user is online
55
adware
a program that displays an online advertisement in a banner or pop-up window on webpages, email messages, or other Internet services
56
uninstaller
is a tool that removes a program, as well as any associated entries in the system files
57
disc cleanup tool
searches for and removes unnecessary files
58
disk defragmenter
a tool that reorganizes the files and unused space on a computer’s hard disk so that the operating system accesses data more quickly and programs run faster
59
backup tool
allows users to copy, or back up, selected files or the contents of an entire storage medium to another storage location
60
digital security risk
any event or action that could cause a loss of or damage to a computer or mobile device hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability
61
cybercrime
an online or Internet-based illegal act
62
malware
short for malicious software, consists of programs that act without a user’s knowledge and deliberately alter the operations of computers and mobile devices
63
botnet
a group of compromised computers or mobile devices connected to a network
64
denial of service attack
disrupts computer access to Internet services
65
back door
a program or set of instructions in a program that allow users to bypass security controls
66
spoofing
a technique intruders use to make their network or Internet transmission appear legitimate
67
firewall
hardware and/or software that protects a network’s resources from intrusion
68
access control
define who can access a computer, device, or network; when they can access it; and what actions they can take while accessing it
69
biometric device
authenticates a person’s identity by translating a personal characteristic into a digital code that is compared with a digital code in a computer
70
digital forensics
the discovery, collection, and analysis of evidence found on computers and networks
71
information theft
occurs when someone steals personal or confidential information
72
encryption
a process of converting data that is readable by humans into encoded characters to prevent unauthorized access
73
digital signature
an encrypted code that a person, website, or organization attaches to an electronic message to verify the identity of the sender
74
digital certificate
a notice that guarantees a user or a website is legitimate
75
secure site
A website that uses encryption techniques to secure its data
76
hardware theft
the act of stealing digital equipment
77
hardware vandalism
the act of defacing or destroying digital equipment
78
backup
a duplicate of a file, program, or media that can be used if the original is lost, damaged, or destroyed
79
full backup
copies all the files on a computer
80
differential backup
copies only the files that have changed since the last backup
81
incremental backup
copies only the files that have changes since the last full or incremental backup
82
selective backup
user chooses which files to include in the backup
83
continuous data protection
all data is backed up when a change is made
84
computer ethics
the moral guidelines that govern the use of computers, mobile devices, and information systems
85
intellectual property
refers to unique and original works such as ideas, inventions, art, writings, processes, company and product names, and logos
86
digital rights management
a strategy designed to prevent illegal distribution of movies, music, and other digital content
87
code of conduct
a written guideline that helps determine whether a specification is ethical/unethical or allowed/not allowed
88
information privacy
refers to the right of individuals and companies to deny or restrict the collection and use of information about them
89
cookie
a small text file that a web server stores on your computer
90
phishing
a scam in which a perpetrator sends an official looking email message that attempts to obtain your personal and/or financial information
91
clickjacking
an object that can be clicked on a website contains a malicious program
92
social engeneering
defined as gaining unauthorized access to or obtaining confidential information by taking advantage of the trusting human nature of some victims and the naivety of others
93
content filtering
the process of restricting access to certain material on the Web
94
web filtering software
restricts access to specified websites
95
motherboard
the main circuit board of the computer
96
processor
interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer
97
multi-core processor
is a single chip with two or more separate processor cores
98
control unit
the component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer
99
arithmetic logic unit
performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operations
100
system clock
controls the timing of all computer operations
101
clock speed
The pace of the system clock
102
The leading manufacturers of personal computer processor chips
intel and AMD
103
analog signals
signals are continuous and vary in strength and quality
104
digital signals
are in one of two states: on or off
105
memory
consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and the results of processing the data
106
The system unit contains two types of memory
volatile and nonvolatile
107
Volatile memory
loses its content when power is off and uses RAM
108
Nonvolatile memory
does not lose content when power is off uses ROM, flash memory and CMOS
109
memory chace
speeds the processes of the computer because it stores frequently used instructions and data
110
read only memory (ROM)
refers to memory chips storing permanent data and instructions
111
flash memory
can be erased electronically and rewritten
112
access time
the amount of time it takes the processor to read from memory
113
adapter card
enhances functions of a component of a desktop or server system unit and/or provides connections to peripherals
114
expansion slot
a socket on a desktop or server motherboard that can hold an adapter card
115
plug and play
the computer automatically can recognize peripheral devices as you install them
116
a Bus
allows the various devices both inside and attached to the system unit to communicate with each other
117
word size
the number of bits the processor can interpret and execute at a given time
118
what are three types of buses a computer can have
system, backside, expansion
