Mid term Flashcards
force
a push or pull
attract
opposite charges, positive and negative, will attract.
repel
like charges, two positive charges or two negative charges, will repel each other.
atoms
made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. smallest unit of matter.
protons
positive, found in inner orbits of atom with neutrons
electrons
negative, found in the outer orbits of an atom
neutrons
neutral, found in inner orbits of atom with protons
what are three ways to charge a particle?
friction, conduction, induction
friction
the process of creating an electric charge on an object by rubbing it against another object.
conduction
when electrons move from one object to another by direct contact.
induction
when an object is charged when charges in an uncharged metal object rearrange without direct contact with a charged object; to charge an object by bringing a charged object close enough to it, causing a rearrangement of the charges.
static electricity
buildup of electrical charges on an object.
battery
a device that produces an electric current by converting chemical energy into electrical energy.
circuit
a complete, closed path through which electric charges flow.
current
a continuous flow of charge caused by the motion of electrons; flow of electrons
electric circuits
control the movement of electric charges or electricity.
the path of an electric circuit is a…
closed loop
closed circuit
a complete circuit where the electric current flows (electricity)
open circuit
there is a break along the line, and the current stops
what 3 things does a simple circuit need?
a load [object being charged], energy source [battery], conductors [wires]
a series circuit
one pathway for electric current to flow, if there is any break in the circuit, the charges will stop flowing
a parallel circuit
two or more pathways for electric current to flow, if there is any break in the circuit, the charges will not stop flowing to the rest of the circuit
a conductor
a material in which charges can move easily. Gold, silver, copper and aluminum are good examples
an insulator
a material in which charges can not move easily. Examples would be wood, plastic, and rubber
In order for electric current to flow, the switch must be…?
closed
electricity
the flow of electrical energy from one place to another.
all magnets have…? [how many poles?]
two poles
what exert forces on each other and is surrounded by a magnetic field?
a magnet
what is the end of the magnet called?
a magnetic pole
North Pole
the end of the magnet that always ends up pointing to the north
South Pole
the opposite end of the magnet points to the south
Magnetic poles are always in…?
pairs (north, south)
what happens if a magnet is broke in half ?
each half gains a new pole
