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Poli Sci > Mid-Term > Flashcards

Mid-Term Flashcards

1
Q

Civil rights

A

Guarantees by government of equal citizenship to all social groups

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2
Q

Forth Amendment

A

protects against unreasonable searches and seizures along with requiring a warrant

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3
Q

First Amendment

A

rejects the establishment of any religion, protects the free exercise of religion, protects the freedom of speech and the press, and protects the right to peacefully assemble and to petition for a redress of government grievances

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4
Q

Democracy

A

Government rule by the people. Rule by the many

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5
Q

Majority Tyranny

A

Suppression of the rights and liberties of a minority by the majority. Mob Rule

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6
Q

Moarchy

A

Rule by one. Rule by either a king or a queen

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7
Q

Oligarcy

A

Rule by the few. Minority rule by either an Aristocracy or a Clergy.

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8
Q

Social Contract

A

The idea that government is the result of an agreement among people to form one, and that people have a right to create an entirely new government if the terms of the contract have been violated by the existing government

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9
Q

Popular Sovereignty

A

The basic principle of democracy that the people are the ultimate source of government authority and of the policies that government leaders make.

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10
Q

Representative Democracy

A

Indirect democracy, in which the people rule through elected representatives

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11
Q

Agenda Setting

A

Influencing people’s opinions about what is important

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12
Q

Direct democracy

A

a form of political decision making in which the public business is decided by all citizens meeting in small assemblies

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13
Q

Equal time provision

A

The former requirement that television stations give or sell the same amount of time to all competing canidates

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14
Q

Proportional representation

A

The awarding legislative seats to political parties to reflect the proportion of the popular vote each party recieves

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15
Q

Medicaid

A

Medicaid is the United States health program for certain people and families with low incomes and resources. It is jointly funded by the state and federal governments, and is managed by the states. People served by Medicaid are U.S. citizens or legal permanent residents, including low-income adults, their children, and people with certain disabilities.

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16
Q

CHIP

A

Children’s Health Insurance Program is a program administered by the United States Department of Health and Human Services that provides matching funds to states for health insurance to families with children. The program was designed to cover uninsured children in families with incomes that are modest but too high to qualify for Medicaid.

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17
Q

Food Stamps

A

The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program more commonly known as food stamp program, provides financial assistance for purchasing food to low- and no-income people living in the U.S. It is a federal aid program, administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, though benefits are distributed by individual U.S. states.

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18
Q

Populist Movement

A

A political coalitiion formed from poor farmers from the South and Midwest. They designed measures meant to strengthen political democracy and give farmers equal footings in comparison to businesses.

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19
Q

Define political equality

A

The principle that says that each person carries equal weight in the conduct of the public business.

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20
Q

What is the difference between a Federalist and an Anti-Federalist?

A

Federalists: Supporters of the Constitution during the ratification fight (or, simply someone who supports a central government)

Anti-Federalists: Opponents to the Constitution during the ratification fight (or, someone who supports states’ rights more than a central government)

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21
Q

What is the Bill of Rights?

A

The first 10 Amendments to the U.S. Constitution, dealing primarily with the protection of basic liberties.

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22
Q

What were the Articles of Confederation?

A

The first Constitution of the United States. Created during the final stages of the Revolutionary War, and designed to give most of the governmental power to the states as opposed to the central government.

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23
Q

What is a constitution?

A

The framework of law that determines how a government should be organized, how decisions within it should be made, and what powers and responsibilities it should have.

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24
Q

What are checks and balances?

A

The principle that allows each of the three branches of government to hinder the actions of each other as a way to prevent tyranny.

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25
Q

What is the Second Amendment

A

The right for people to keep and bear arms.

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26
Q

What is the13th Amendment?

A

It outlaws slavery and involuntary servitude (except as punishment for a crime).

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27
Q

What is the Fourteenth Amendment?

A

States that all people born or naturalized in the U.S. are citizens, prevents state and local governments from depriving people of life, liberty, or property unjustly, and to provide equal protection to all under the law.

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28
Q

What is the 15th Amendment?

A

Forbids the government from denying a citizen the right to vote based on “race, color, or previous condition of servitude (ex: slavery)”

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29
Q

What is the 19th Amendment?

A

Gives women the right to vote.

30
Q

What is an investigation journalist (or muckraker)?

A

Journalists who research and report on specific topics with the purpose of bringing to light crime, corruption, and keeping an eye on these things.

31
Q

What is narrowcasting?

A

Aiming media messages at very specific parts of the public.

32
Q

What is the privileges and immunites clause?

A

A clause in the constitiution that says out of state citizens have the same legal rights as local citizens in any state.

33
Q

How old do you have to be to serve in the House of Representatives, Senate, Presidency?

A

House of Representatives: 25

Senate: 30

Presidency: 35

34
Q

What does the book say about historian Charles Beard and his analysis of the framers?

A

Beard claimed that framers were conspiring to protect their own personal economic interests. The book states that Beard likely overemphasized the degree to which personal interest motivated the framers, as well as neglecting to mention their more noble motivations and getting some of his facts wrong, making his “pure self-interest” analysis unsupportable.

35
Q

What are the three branches of government?

A

Executive, Judicial, Legislative

36
Q

How many members are there in the House of Representatives and Senate? Are there term limits?

A

100 Senators, currently 435 Representatives but it varies based on population. No term limits.

37
Q

Who is the speaker of the House?

A

John Boehner (boner)

38
Q

Who is the majority leader of the US Senate?

A

Harry Reid

39
Q

What party controls each (The House of Reps and the Senate)?

A

House: Republicans

Senate: Democrats

40
Q

Who is the Secretary of State (federally)?

A

Hillary Clinton

41
Q

Who is the Secretary of Defense?

A

Leon Panetta

42
Q

Who is the Vice-President

A

Joeseph Biden

43
Q

How many electoral votes do you need to win the presidency?

A

270

44
Q

How many total electoral college votes are there?

A

538

45
Q

When the Constitution was ratified, who initially chose the US Senators?

A

The State legislature.

46
Q

Which office was originally designed by the Framers to be an office directly elected by the people?

A

The House of Representatives

47
Q

Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? What was its purpose?

A

Thomas Jefferson wrote it. It’s purpose was to announce the colonies’ separation from England.

48
Q

What is the Exclusionary Rule?

A

Prevents police and prosecutors from using evidence against a defendant that was obtained in an illegal search.

49
Q

What is the 16th Amendment?

A

Allows Congress to collect an income tax without dividing it amongst the states or basing it on Census results.

50
Q

5 Express powers of the President

A 
Commander in Chief of the military
 Power to grant reprieves and pardons
 Making treaties (as long as they are approved by the Senate)
 Make appointments of ambassadors, ministers, consuls, supreme court justices heads of departments, and other executive branch officials.
  1. Commander in Chief
  2. Chief Executive
  3. Chief of the State
  4. Chief Legislator
  5. Chief of Party
51
Q

Which countries did they travel to
and why?

A

The movie compares the for-profit, non-universal U.S. system with the non-profit universal health care systems of Canada, the United Kingdom, France and Cuba.

52
Q

Which countries make a profit on health care?

A

United States

53
Q

Who has an
infant mortality rate lower than the US (of the countries traveled to by
the crew)?

A

France

54
Q

Is the death penalty considered “cruel and unusual punishment” by the
Supreme Court? Why or why not?

A

No. The Supreme Court upholds that the death penalty is not cruel or unusual unless it descriminates against a group, is indignified in execution, or found especially cruel in certain cases (death penalty for minors under age 15 or mentally retarded ndividuals)

55
Q

What are Franking Privilages?

A

The right of members of Congress to send mail to their constituents at the government’s expense.

56
Q

What are the five types of elections?

A

primary elections, general elections, runoff
elections, instant runoff elections and special
elections

57
Q

What is the incumbency effect?

A

The advantages that elected representatives have over newcomers in getting re-elected. For example: prior experience, familiar face to voters, access to funding, etc.

58
Q

What is a filibuster?

A

A parliamentary device used in the Senate to prevent a bill from coming to a vote by “talking it to death” made possible by the norm of unlimited debate

59
Q

How do you end a filibuster?

A

By a cloture, a vote to end debate requiring three fifths of the members of the senate.

60
Q

What was the longest filibuster?

A

The record for the longest filibuster goes to U.S. Sen. Strom Thurmond of South Carolina, who spoke for 24 hours and 18 minutes against the Civil Rights Act of 1957, according to U.S. Senate records.

Thurmond began speaking at 8:54 p.m. on Aug. 28 and continued until 9:12 p.m. the following evening, reciting the Declaration of Independence, Bill of Rights, President George Washington’s farewell address and other historical documents along the way.

61
Q

Who are the various people needed to runa campaign?

A

Candidate
Campaign manager
web masters
fund raisers
media consultants
public opinion pollsters
Press aides
Researchers and speech writers
advance scheduling team
coordinator of field organizations and organized groups
party workers
organized groups
City/County field offices

62
Q

What is case work (constituency services)?

A

Actions taken by members of congress and their staff to attend to the individual, particular needs of constituents.

63
Q

What is the elastic clause (Necessary and Proper Clause)?

A

The Congress shall have Power - To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.

64
Q

What is a discharge petition?

A

A petition signed by 218 House members to force a bill that has been before a committee for at least 30 days while the house is in session out of the committee and onto the floor for consideration

65
Q

What are pork barrel projects?

A

A government project or appropriation that yields jobs or other benefits to a specific locale and patronage opportunities to its political representative.

66
Q

In what year was the constitution ratified?

A

1789

67
Q

Does congress have term limits?

A

No

68
Q

How many supreme court justices are required by the constitution?

A

The amount allowed by congress.

69
Q

First historical instance of federalism?

A

union of utrecht

70
Q

First political party?

A

Federalists

Poli Sci (1 decks)

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