Mid term

Question 1

What is a phoneme?

Answer 1

the smallest unit of speech, a speech sound

Question 2

What is a grapheme?

Answer 2

a written symbol that corresponds with a speech sound

Question 3

What is a digraph?

Answer 3

a two-letter grapheme that represents one phoneme

Question 4

What are the 7 consonant diagraphs?

Answer 4

ch, sh, th(voiced), th(voiceless), wh, ng, /zh/

Question 5

What is a consonant or vowel blend?

Answer 5

two or more phonemes blended together

Question 6

How many vowel phonemes are there?

Answer 6

18, plus the schwa

Question 7

How many consonant phonemes are there?

Answer 7

25

Question 8

What is phonological awareness?

Answer 8

understanding that spoken language consists of words, syllables, rhymes, and phonemes and the ability to hear and manipulate these components of spoken language.

Question 9

What is word awareness?

Answer 9

the understanding that spoken language consists of words, and the ability to separate sentences and phrases into words.

Question 10

What is syllable awareness?

Answer 10

the understanding that words are made up of syllables and the ability to separate words into syllables or to blend syllables into words.

Question 11

What is rhyming?

Answer 11

The same middle and final sound

Question 12

What is alliteration?

Answer 12

The same beginning sound

Question 13

What is the onset?

Answer 13

one or more consonant phonemes that precede the vowel phoneme in a syllable

Question 14

What is the rime?

Answer 14

the vowel phoneme and consonant phonemes that follow the vowel in a syllable.

Question 15

What is phonemic awareness?

Answer 15

the understanding that words are made up of individual sounds and the ability to separate words into sounds and blend sounds into words.

Question 16

What is blending?

Answer 16

combining smaller units of spoken language together to pronounce a larger unit

Question 17

What is segmenting?

Answer 17

separating larger units of spoken language into smaller units

Question 18

What is manipulating?

Answer 18

phoneme addition, phoneme deletion, and phoneme substitution

Question 19

What are the features of a consonant?

Answer 19

-sound formed with the mouth partially closed
-airflow obstructed by lips, teeth, and tongue (some exceptions)

Question 20

What is a stop?

Answer 20

made by stopping flow of air and pushing sound out in quick bursts

Question 21

What is a fricative?

Answer 21

high amounts of friction produced; continuous; voiced or voiceless

Question 22

What is an affricate?

Answer 22

a stop combined with a fricative; not continuous

Question 23

What is a nasal?

Answer 23

sounds go through the nose

Question 24

What is a glide?

Answer 24

always come before vowel sound, difficult to segment

Question 25

What is a liquid?

Answer 25

“float” in the mouth and difficult to feel/describe

Question 26

What three consonant graphemes have no distinct phoneme?

Answer 26

c, q, and x

Question 27

When do c and g make a soft sound?

Answer 27

when followed by an e, i, or y

Question 28

What are the most common vowel diagraphs? (4)

Answer 28

oo(long), oo(short), aw, au

Question 29

What is a diphthong?

Answer 29

a single vowel phoneme represented by two graphemes

Question 30

What are the common diphthongs? (6)

Answer 30

oi, oy, ow, ou, ew, ey

Question 31

Where is the schwa sound found?

Answer 31

in the unstressed/unaccented syllable

Question 32

What are the 6 key elements of structured literacy?

Answer 32

-Explicit instruction
-High amount of students-teacher interaction
-Cumulative review/continuous practice
-Decodable text
-Carefully chosen examples and non-examples
-Prompt corrective feedback

Question 33

What is phonics?

Answer 33

when you start combining phonemes and graphemes