Mid term Flashcards
What does the Triple A approach to critical thinking stand for?
Ask, Asses, Assert
The perspectives of social welfare
Residual, Institutional, Developmental
Residual perspective
The perspective that it is people’s own fault if they need outside help. The idea that Social Welfare benefits should only be given when people fail to provide for themselves.
Institutional Perspective
Views that people’s needs are a normal part of life. Society has a responsibility to support its members and provide needed benefits and services.
Developmental
*newest view- focuses on programs that have a positive outcome in the economy
Political ideologies
Conservatism, liberalism, Radicalism
Conservatism
the philosophy that individuals are responsible for themselves, government should provide minimal interference in peoples lives and change is generally unnecessary.
Liberalism
Philosophy that government should be involved so that all people’s rights and privileges are protected
Radicalism
A more extreme approach, belief that the current political and social structure is not adequate of truly providing social justice
Ethical Standards and Values of NASW Code of Ethics
Service, social justice, Dignity and worth of a person, importance of human relationships, integrity, competence
Service
providing help, resources so people can achieve max potential
Social Justice
upholding the goal that all citizens have equal opportunities regardless of their backgrounds
Dignity and worth of a person
appreciation of the individual
Importance of human relationships
valuing the interactions between social workers and clients
Integrity
maintaining trust, morals
Competence
having the necessary skills and abilities to work with clients
Empowerment and Strengths Perspective
To effectively assist clients and their needs, social workers focus on their strengths
Strengths Perspective
“Every individual, group, family, and community has strengths”
“Trauma and abuse, illness and struggle may be injurious but they may also be sources of challenge and opportunity”
“Social Workers should assume that they “do notknow the upper limits of the capacity to grow and change and take individual, group, and community aspirations seriously”
Social Workers “best serve clients by collaborating with them”
“Every environment is full of resources”-
Resiliency
the ability to recover from adversity and resume functioning even when suffering serious trouble, confusion, or hardship
Percentage of earnings difference between women and men
78.7%
The Planned Change - Steps/Process
o Engagement o Assessment- o Planning o Implementation and Evaluation o Termination
Engagement
establishing communication(nonverbal and verbal)
Assessment
gathering information-identifying strengths of client, community
Planning
choosing a course of action with a client- pros and cons
Implementation and Evaluation
following the plan and then evaluating the effectiveness
Termination
the end of the professional relationship
What is Cultural Competence ?
“Mastery of a particular set of knowledge, skills, policies, and programs used by the social worker that addresses the cultural needs of individuals families, groups, and communities.”
- develop an awareness of personal values, assumptions, and biases
- establish an appreciation of other cultures that nurture attitudes that respect difference
- understand how ones own culture heritage and belief system differ from and may influence interaction with clients who have a different cultural background
- recognize the existence of stereotypes about discrimination against an oppression of various diverse groups
- commit to learning about clients’ cultures
- acquire effective skills for working with people from other cultures
What is Generalist Social Work?
It is the application of a wide range of knowledge, values, and skills to target individual, family, group, organizational and community processes
The roles of a social worker pg.110
counselor educator broker case manager mobilizer mediator negotiator facilitator advocate
counselor
providing guidance and assistance
educator
gives information or teaching skills to others
broker
Linking clients to resources
case manager
Coordinates services on behalf of a client
mobilizer
identifying and convenes community resources to act on creating change
mediator
Resolves arguments or disagreements among individual, family, group, or organizational structure
negotiator
Serves as an intermediary, settles and dispute, resolve disagreements
facilitator
Guides a group experience
advocate
Speaks on behalf of clients to promote fair and equitable treatment or gain resources
Levels of social work intervention- Micro/Mezzo/Macro
o Micro: dealing with one individual
o Mezzo: a group or small society (family, school..)
o Macro: a big community (city)
The NASW( National Association of Social Work) purposes
o Identify social work values
o Summarize broad ethical principles for practice
o Identify considerations when addressing ethical dilemmas
o Providing broad ethical standards that holds the profession accountable
o Socializing new practitioners to the mission, goals and ethics of the profession
o Communicating specific standards that the profession may use to judge its members conduct
Elizabethan Poor Law
1601
The first piece of legislation establishing support for needy people through taxes
Eligible recipients are the following:
Dependent children-children were placed in whatever citizen placed the lowest bid for public reimbursement to provide child’s care until an average age of 24 for boys and 21 for girls
Impotent poor-individuals who were physically or mentally unable to work- given food and shelter
Able-bodied poor- individuals who were offered any job and forced to work or suffer jail or even death. They may be forced into workhouses
Speenhamlands System
The idea that the income of all poor people would be supplemented the government so that everyone would have the minimum income deemed necessary for survival.
The system was a failure for two reasons:
- Wages fell because why would businesses pay higher wages if the government would supplement
- Unemployment soared because people did not have to work, they would get the same amount whether they worked or not.
* There were no work incentives
Jane Addams
Hull House 1889-2012
Mary Richmond
focused on individuals - formulated theories and techniques for social work
The New Deal
Came under Franklin Roosevelt and out of the Great Depression
It created a wide range of social programs such as Public Works Administration whose goal was to stimulate depressed industries by contracting with private businesses to build public facilities
Extended Federal control in social welfare matters
The Great Society
President Lyndon Johnson
Programs such as Operation Head Start and the Food Stamp Act of 1964, Medicare and Medicaid in 1965
The intent was to eliminate poverty and provide a quality of life for all
Social Welfare Policy Development and phases
- Recognizing the values in society (may vary over time)
- Identifying problems and needs
- Identification of opinion about an identified problem
- Legislation then weighs identified issue through public opinion, interest groups, political climate plays a role
- The policy is then implemented through a social welfare program
- The policy is practiced by social service and other professional providers
Public Assistance
Established for people in need, funds come from general tax revenues- federal, state and local level.
TANF Program- requirements, what is it
developed in 1996 from( AFDC)- much stricter guidelines, time limits for assistance, does not require states to provide child care as AFDC did also up to individual states to provide transportation assistance
gives states more control, allows states to determine their eligibility-states then may establish very low income requirements to offset their budget issues
not succesfful
Social Stratification
sociologists who study how societies are structured tend to divide the population into categories of social population based on the extent to which people have access to the goods and services of the society values
Percentage of Federal Budget spent on Safety Net Programs
10%
Myths and Truths of Public Assistance
many feel that its their own fault that they are needy and that they should do something about it, unlike people receiving social insurance, they never paid for public assistance and do not deserve benefits
many people are in need of help
Rural Social Work
o 1.Low population density- number of residents per square mile
o 2.significant distance from urban cities
o 3.Concentrating its activity in specialized areas- lumbering, farming
o *Rural communities often cope with poverty, lack of transportation, inadequate childcare, insufficient health care
Urban Social Work
Population is usually denser and often contains diverse populations
Consists of a range of industries
Traffic Noise, questionable air quality
High contact with individuals on a daily basis
Many layers within a bureaucratic systems
Greater frequency of poverty, discrimination, crime, homelessness, substance abuse than that of the rural communities
High rate of conflict with diverse groups based on ethnicity, race, culture
Unavailability of resources
High rates of psychological stress related to noise, abandoned buildings, crime.
almshouses
charitable housing for elderly who no longer made enough income to pay rent
de-Institutionalization
reducing the isolation of mental people
