Mid term

Question 1

What relationship does media have with science?

Answer 1

Interdependent

Question 2

Why is science in media good?

Answer 2

Helps to spread awareness on how scientific developments are making advances in many domains that have high public interest factors.

Question 3

Why do many people chose social media news over research articles?

Answer 3

Expensive to access and hard to comprehend.

Question 4

What is wrong with media paraphrasing research to make it more accessible to the public?

Answer 4

Often misread, misunderstood, data is exaggerated and many aspects of important information are removed

Question 5

What is internal validity?

Answer 5

The degree of certainty that independent variables of an experiment caused the effects on the dependent variables

Question 6

What is external validity?

Answer 6

The degree to which a studies findings can be generalised across many people

Question 7

What is confirmation bias?

Answer 7

Actively supporting our own beliefs rather than searching for alternative perspectives

Question 8

What are echo chambers?

Answer 8

The idea that the media algorithm aims to keep content relevant to each individual. By using data gathered on your interests and views, it will aim to recommend content based on only your interests. Shielding the individual from alternative content. This is an example of conformation bias.

Question 9

What is the core interest of social psychology?

Answer 9

An interactionist perspective considering both individual variables and situationism

Question 10

What is the definition of social psychology?

Answer 10

Study of how an individual’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviour are influenced by the real or imagined presence of others

Question 11

In social psyc what is the main thing being studied?

Answer 11

The individual. even in group study.

Question 12

What are the ABCs of social psyc?

Answer 12

Affect towards self and others
Behaviour across domains
Cognition towards self and others

Question 13

When was the science of social psychology legitimised?

Answer 13

19th century

Question 14

How do you begin research?

Answer 14

Ask questions, research literature and formulate hypothesis

Question 15

What is a theory?

Answer 15

Organised set of principles to explain observed phenomena

Question 16

What is a conceptual variable?

Answer 16

Abstract concept one might attempt to measure

Question 17

What is an operational definition?

Answer 17

States how a conceptual variable will be measured

Question 18

What is descriptive research?

Answer 18

Aims to describe people, thoughts, feelings and behaviour

Question 19

What are some examples of descriptive research approaches?

Answer 19

Observational studies, Archival studies and Surveys (with random sampling)

Question 20

What is correlational research?

Answer 20

Research to observe the relationship between variables

Question 21

What is the major disadvantage of correlational research?

Answer 21

CORRELATION DOES NOT EQUAL CAUSATION

- if you don’t know this by now, just drop the fuck out honestly

Question 22

What is an experiment?

Answer 22

Used to examine cause and effect relationships

Question 23

What are the two main characteristics of experiments?

Answer 23

1. researcher has control of the experiment

2. participants are randomly assigned conditions

Question 24

What is a variable?

Answer 24

Characteristic of an object, person or event which can take two or more values

Question 25

What are the 3 types of variables?

Answer 25

1. Dependent (stays the same) 2. Independent (changes and impacts DV) 3. Subject (pre-existing categories such as gender, axe, etc)

Question 26

Describe independent measures (between-subject)

Answer 26

Comparing the DV of two groups under separate conditions | for example: experiment group and control group

Question 27

Describe repeated measures (within-subject)

Answer 27

One group tests both conditions and results are compared

Question 28

What is a confound?

Answer 28

Confounds occur when two variables are both manipulated simultaneously, where the effect of each is individually undistinguishable

Question 29

What are field studies?

Answer 29

Conducted in real world settings, Lacks random assignment so is quasi-experimental, and sometimes uses subject variables as independent variables.

Question 30

What is meta-analysis?

Answer 30

Examining research and combining results to measure reliability and effects.

Question 31

What are some examples of Measuring variables?

Answer 31

- self report - behavioural - reaction times - brain imaging - virtual reality - Alternative tech (social media)

Question 32

What is an important factor of self concept?

Answer 32

Self recognition

Question 33

What is self concept?

Answer 33

The sum of total beliefs we have about ourselves

Question 34

Self concept is made up of self schemas. What are self schemas?

Answer 34

Beliefs about oneself that guide processing information about the self.

Question 35

What is introspection?

Answer 35

Self-knowledge through looking at ones own thoughts and feelings

Question 36

What is influence of social context?

Answer 36

The self-concept changes to personal and situational factors.

Question 37

What is influence of others?

Answer 37

They way others within our environment (real or imagined) can influence behaviour, emotions and self concept.

Question 38

Explain perceptions of our own behaviour

Answer 38

Based on the self perception theory: When internal cues are difficult to interpret, people often observe their own behaviour for insight.

Question 39

What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?

Answer 39

Intrinsic: from within a person Extrinsic: from external influence

Question 40

What are cultural influences?

Answer 40

Regarding individualism and the idea that one's culture, values and more can impact self-concept

Question 41

What is the difference between the independent view of self and the interdependent view of self?

Answer 41

Independent: Self concept with others opinions on the outside Interdependent: Self concept including others opinions

Question 42

What is self-esteem?

Answer 42

Affective evaluation of self concept

Question 43

What kind of illusions do people typically have about themselves?

Answer 43

Positive ones

Question 44

What is self handicapping?

Answer 44

Sabotaging the self to create an excuse for failure

Question 45

What is sandbagging

Answer 45

Downplaying a situation or predicting failure before a situation

Question 46

Define the phrase "basking in the glory of others"

Answer 46

Surrounding ourselves with people perceived lower or less favourable in some aspect to increase self-esteem via comparison

Question 47

What is social comparison?

Answer 47

Comparing the self to others in more unfortunate circumstances to make the self feel better

Question 48

What is malleable, complex and multi-faced?

Answer 48

The self

Question 49

What is aggression?

Answer 49

Behaviour intended to harm someone who does not wish to be harmed.

Question 50

What are the three types of form aggression?

Answer 50

- Physical - Verbal - Relational

Question 51

What are the two aggression functions?

Answer 51

- Reactive | - Proactive

Question 52

Can media violence influence aggressive behaviour?

Answer 52

Yes

Question 53

What has a causal relationship with televised violence?

Answer 53

Anti-social behaviour

Question 54

What is intergroup bias?

Answer 54

When you favour your own group (intergroup) more than and another (outer group)

Question 55

What determines your intergroup?

Answer 55

Many factors across domains. Most people are in many groups/

Question 56

What are the three ways bias can manifest itself?

Answer 56

- prejudice - discrimination - stereotyping

Question 57

Why has subtle racism surfaced?

Answer 57

As racism has become morally wrong in the context of generalised social norms