Mid term 1`

Question 1

Who are the 6 Olympians born to Cronus and Rhea, and what are they the gods and goddesses of?

Answer 1

Hades God of the Underworld, Poseidon God of the Sea and water, Zeus God of the Sky, Demeter Goddess of Harvest , Hera Goddess of the Earth, Hestia Goddes of Hearth

Question 2

What is Athena the Goddess of?

Answer 2

War strategy, military strategy, handicraft, patience, and skill. She is a virgin God

Question 3

How is Athena born

Answer 3

Zeus brain child, the gods split his head open and out comes Athena with a spear and shield covered in blood

Question 4

Who is Zeus’s first lover other than Hera? What happens to her?

Answer 4

Metis, she becomes pregnant Zeuss child, he is scared of her second child so to prevent that he swallows her and absorbs her (her pregnancy and quality of intelligence)

Question 5

What is succession myth

Answer 5

Fighting between Gods, specifically the father and son where the son will usually overthrow the father

Question 6

What are the 2 main sources of material in The Classical Period? What are some advantages and disadvantages

Answer 6

Texts: Advantage: potential eye witness Disadvanatge Bias from people writing the material, its passed down from generations can be altered.
and Archeology.Adv: Physical proof, eliminates forms of bias
Disadvantage: Archeologist bias

Issue with dead languages for both

Question 7

Syncretism/Eclectism

Answer 7

Blending the differences of the Gods and making them the same. Combining their relationships

Question 8

What was the Hellenic League

Answer 8

Ruled first by King Phillip the 2nd then by Alexander the Great. They overthrew Phebes Athens and Sparta

Question 9

What is Heiros gamos?

Answer 9

Sacred marriage between Gods and Goddesses

Question 10

What are the names of the 12 Titans? What are they the Gods and Goddesses of

Answer 10

Cronus: God of the Sky, Hyperion: the sun god, Oceanus: water, (Iapetus, Coeus, Crius) don’t know what they’re the god of
Rhea: Earth God, Themis: Righteous/the way things are supposed to be, Theia:?, Tethys: freshwater , Mnemosyne: memory,Pheobe: moon

Question 11

What is Polytheism

Answer 11

The belief in more than one God (Greece and Egypt)

Question 12

External Sources of Influence of Greece

Answer 12

Egypt, Jewish people, Persians, Mesopotamia

Question 13

What are the 3 sets of children Ge and Ouranos had

Answer 13

Cyclops, Hectanchires, Titans

Question 14

When Alexander the Great dies who takes over the Empire

Answer 14

His 3 Generals

Question 15

Who do Eos and Selene have love affairs with and what happens to them?

Answer 15

Eos- Tithonas a Shepard. She asks him to live forever and forgets to ask for him to stay young so he ages forever
Selene- Endymion a Shepard, shes asks for him to live forever and to not age, doesn’t ask for him to be awake so he sleeps forever.

Question 16

Which Titans marry who/which? Who are theyre children

Answer 16

Oceanus m. Tethys : Oceanids (3000)
Hyperions m.Theia : Eos, Selene, Helios
Cronus m. Rhea: Zeus, Hades, Poseidon, Demeter, Hestia, Hera

Question 17

What was Aphrodite the Goddess of? What did the Greeks think of her?

Answer 17

Goddess of fertility, sexuality, love, and romance.
The Greeks were scared of her because love was not a good thing it often lead to death and war, you didn’t want to fall in love so she was terrifying.

Question 18

When Cronus castrates his father what beings come from his blood and “sperm”

Answer 18

1) Giants and the Meliae (tree spirits)
2) Furies
3) Aphrodite

Question 19

In what ways does Ouranos try to prevent Ge from having the Titans

Answer 19

By plugging her up essentially.

Question 20

What are the 2 domes around the Earth? What is in both of the domes?

Answer 20

Upper dome: Is the Sky and on top is the Aether

Lower Dome: The Underworld with the Erabes and Tartarus at the bottom

Question 21

Hesiod and Homers view of the world was?

Answer 21

That Greece was at the center of a round flat disk and around it was only water. With 2 domes around it

Question 22

Monotheism

Answer 22

The belief in only one God (Christianity)

Question 23

Dark Age

Answer 23

1100- 800 BC

Increasingly chaotic, a decline in civilization

Question 24

Bronze Age

Answer 24

3000-1100BC
Fall of Troy
Wealthy time and progress was being made

Question 25

Hellenistic Age

Answer 25

326- 30BC

Alexander the Great rules. Democracy dies

Question 26

Which sons does Ge create and how many?

Which one does she marry

Answer 26

Ouranos- God of the sky < marrys him
Pontos- Sea God
Mountains

Question 27

How many parts does Chaos split into? And what are they?

Answer 27

5 Parts All considered Gods but are non-anthromporphic

1) Tartarus
2) Ge- Earth
3) Eros- Sexual drive
4) Night - Darkness
5) Erebus - Underworld

Question 28

What is Chaos?

Answer 28

Water/considered as liquid stuff, the first thing created according to Hesiod just began with him. Non- antromporphic

Question 29

Roman Age

Answer 29

30BC 400AD
Roman Empire ruled over Greece and Rome (not Persia)
degree of cross colonization

Question 30

What steps does Zeus take to ensure that his reign lasts?

Answer 30

Begins an affair with Themis
Makes sure he will not have a son/ no children
Gives his brothers their own Kingdoms to keep them away from his own. (Hades the Underworld, Poseidon he Sea)

Question 31

Who else wages war against Zeus after Cronus?

Answer 31

The Giants- lose and go to Tartarus
Typhon- Wins the first round by tearing the muscle and bones off of Zeus and barring him, Zeus regenerates and beats Typhon the second time and sends him to Tartarus

Question 32

Which two Ages in Greek History have no surviving texts of that time?

Answer 32

Bronze Age and the Dark Age

Question 33

Classical Age

Answer 33

500- 326 BC

Democrcracy begins cultural high point

Question 34

Archaic Age

Answer 34

800-500 BC

Decline stops, education and etc improve

Question 35

Definition of Kosmos

Answer 35

That is what is perfect beautiful

Question 36

Who is Hesiod?

Answer 36

A Greek Poet who was a farmer, from the Archaic age, he believed that the muses came down to tell him to write of the story of how life was made itself.
(Genesis story)

Question 37

In the war that happens between Zeus and Cronus what happens? Whos involved?

Answer 37

The war lasts 10 years on the mountains basically them throwing rocks at each other. Cronus ends us surrendering and Zeus sends him to a divine island fit for Kings, he sends the rest of the Titans to Tartarus because they did not want to surrender.
On Zeuss side were his siblings + Aphrodite and Themis (which meant his was the “right” side to be on)
Cronus side was all the titans minus his sister Themis

Question 38

What does Cronus do to his children? What happens with this?

Answer 38

Cronus swallows the first 5 children, right before Zeus is given to Cronus Rhea sends him away and replaces the swaddle with a rock which Cronus swallows. He pukes up the rock and the children afterwards after his stomach being upset from swallowing the rock