Mid term 1` Flashcards
Who are the 6 Olympians born to Cronus and Rhea, and what are they the gods and goddesses of?
Hades God of the Underworld, Poseidon God of the Sea and water, Zeus God of the Sky, Demeter Goddess of Harvest , Hera Goddess of the Earth, Hestia Goddes of Hearth
What is Athena the Goddess of?
War strategy, military strategy, handicraft, patience, and skill. She is a virgin God
How is Athena born
Zeus brain child, the gods split his head open and out comes Athena with a spear and shield covered in blood
Who is Zeus’s first lover other than Hera? What happens to her?
Metis, she becomes pregnant Zeuss child, he is scared of her second child so to prevent that he swallows her and absorbs her (her pregnancy and quality of intelligence)
What is succession myth
Fighting between Gods, specifically the father and son where the son will usually overthrow the father
What are the 2 main sources of material in The Classical Period? What are some advantages and disadvantages
Texts: Advantage: potential eye witness Disadvanatge Bias from people writing the material, its passed down from generations can be altered.
and Archeology.Adv: Physical proof, eliminates forms of bias
Disadvantage: Archeologist bias
Issue with dead languages for both
Syncretism/Eclectism
Blending the differences of the Gods and making them the same. Combining their relationships
What was the Hellenic League
Ruled first by King Phillip the 2nd then by Alexander the Great. They overthrew Phebes Athens and Sparta
What is Heiros gamos?
Sacred marriage between Gods and Goddesses
What are the names of the 12 Titans? What are they the Gods and Goddesses of
Cronus: God of the Sky, Hyperion: the sun god, Oceanus: water, (Iapetus, Coeus, Crius) don’t know what they’re the god of
Rhea: Earth God, Themis: Righteous/the way things are supposed to be, Theia:?, Tethys: freshwater , Mnemosyne: memory,Pheobe: moon
What is Polytheism
The belief in more than one God (Greece and Egypt)
External Sources of Influence of Greece
Egypt, Jewish people, Persians, Mesopotamia
What are the 3 sets of children Ge and Ouranos had
Cyclops, Hectanchires, Titans
When Alexander the Great dies who takes over the Empire
His 3 Generals
Who do Eos and Selene have love affairs with and what happens to them?
Eos- Tithonas a Shepard. She asks him to live forever and forgets to ask for him to stay young so he ages forever
Selene- Endymion a Shepard, shes asks for him to live forever and to not age, doesn’t ask for him to be awake so he sleeps forever.
Which Titans marry who/which? Who are theyre children
Oceanus m. Tethys : Oceanids (3000)
Hyperions m.Theia : Eos, Selene, Helios
Cronus m. Rhea: Zeus, Hades, Poseidon, Demeter, Hestia, Hera
What was Aphrodite the Goddess of? What did the Greeks think of her?
Goddess of fertility, sexuality, love, and romance.
The Greeks were scared of her because love was not a good thing it often lead to death and war, you didn’t want to fall in love so she was terrifying.
When Cronus castrates his father what beings come from his blood and “sperm”
1) Giants and the Meliae (tree spirits)
2) Furies
3) Aphrodite
In what ways does Ouranos try to prevent Ge from having the Titans
By plugging her up essentially.
What are the 2 domes around the Earth? What is in both of the domes?
Upper dome: Is the Sky and on top is the Aether
Lower Dome: The Underworld with the Erabes and Tartarus at the bottom
Hesiod and Homers view of the world was?
That Greece was at the center of a round flat disk and around it was only water. With 2 domes around it
Monotheism
The belief in only one God (Christianity)
Dark Age
1100- 800 BC
Increasingly chaotic, a decline in civilization
Bronze Age
3000-1100BC
Fall of Troy
Wealthy time and progress was being made
Hellenistic Age
326- 30BC
Alexander the Great rules. Democracy dies
Which sons does Ge create and how many?
Which one does she marry
Ouranos- God of the sky < marrys him
Pontos- Sea God
Mountains
How many parts does Chaos split into? And what are they?
5 Parts All considered Gods but are non-anthromporphic
1) Tartarus
2) Ge- Earth
3) Eros- Sexual drive
4) Night - Darkness
5) Erebus - Underworld
What is Chaos?
Water/considered as liquid stuff, the first thing created according to Hesiod just began with him. Non- antromporphic
Roman Age
30BC 400AD
Roman Empire ruled over Greece and Rome (not Persia)
degree of cross colonization
What steps does Zeus take to ensure that his reign lasts?
Begins an affair with Themis
Makes sure he will not have a son/ no children
Gives his brothers their own Kingdoms to keep them away from his own. (Hades the Underworld, Poseidon he Sea)
Who else wages war against Zeus after Cronus?
The Giants- lose and go to Tartarus
Typhon- Wins the first round by tearing the muscle and bones off of Zeus and barring him, Zeus regenerates and beats Typhon the second time and sends him to Tartarus
Which two Ages in Greek History have no surviving texts of that time?
Bronze Age and the Dark Age
Classical Age
500- 326 BC
Democrcracy begins cultural high point
Archaic Age
800-500 BC
Decline stops, education and etc improve
Definition of Kosmos
That is what is perfect beautiful
Who is Hesiod?
A Greek Poet who was a farmer, from the Archaic age, he believed that the muses came down to tell him to write of the story of how life was made itself.
(Genesis story)
In the war that happens between Zeus and Cronus what happens? Whos involved?
The war lasts 10 years on the mountains basically them throwing rocks at each other. Cronus ends us surrendering and Zeus sends him to a divine island fit for Kings, he sends the rest of the Titans to Tartarus because they did not want to surrender.
On Zeuss side were his siblings + Aphrodite and Themis (which meant his was the “right” side to be on)
Cronus side was all the titans minus his sister Themis
What does Cronus do to his children? What happens with this?
Cronus swallows the first 5 children, right before Zeus is given to Cronus Rhea sends him away and replaces the swaddle with a rock which Cronus swallows. He pukes up the rock and the children afterwards after his stomach being upset from swallowing the rock
