Mid Semester (Wk 1-6)

Question 1

What were the components in the original multi-store model?

Answer 1

Sensory stores—> short-term store—> long-term store

Question 2

What were the criticisms of the original multi-store model?

Answer 2

Gateway: STM x G—> LTM
Overemphasis: structures>proc.’s
Unitary: SS, STM & LTM not unit.y

Question 3

What were the features of Baddeley’s Working Memory System?

Answer 3

• The Central Executive
• The phonological loop
• The Episodic Buffer
• The Visuo-spatial sketchpad

Question 4

Who was patient KF?

Answer 4

Unable to repeat verbal material, impaired STM but intact LTM

Question 5

What is the word length effect? And what does it suggest?

Answer 5

Memory span is worse for words taking a long time to say, suggests that capacity of phonological loop is determined by articulating duration (not phonological complexity).

Question 6

What are the two components of the visuo-spatial sketchpad and what are their functions?

Answer 6

• Visual cache (storage buffer): Stores info about visual form and colour.
• Inner scribe (control process):
  Processes spatial and movement info + involved in rehearsal of info. in visual cache + transfers info. from the cache to the central executive.

Question 7

What is the supervisory attentional system (SAS)?

Answer 7

• Located in the prefrontal cortex.
• Flexibly controls selection of action schemes according to goal of task.
• Involved in novel situations where routine control is insufficient.

Question 8

What are schemas?

Answer 8

Series of coordinated action sequences (habit patterns) and triggered by cues.

Question 9

What is contention scheduling?

Answer 9

Coordinates/prioritises several action schemas on basis of strength of schema.

Question 10

What are the three executive functions found in Miyake et al.’s study?

Answer 10

• Updating: rem. last 3 letters
• Shifting: shift princ., class. stim.
• Inhibition: override it by saccading eyes to opposite side of the attention-capturing flash.

Question 11

What are the bottleneck models of attention?

Answer 11

• Broadbent’s filter model
• Treisman’s attenuation model
• Deutsch & Deutsch’s late selection model

Question 12

What is endogenous attention?

Answer 12

Intentional, goal-directed shifting of attention to a location with or without eye movements.

Question 13

What is exogenous attention?

Answer 13

Reflexive, involuntary shifting of attention directed by saliency

Question 14

What can attention select?

Answer 14

Spatial locations, features and objects

Question 15

What are the characteristics of amnesiacs?

Answer 15

Intact implicit memory