mid practical Flashcards
The number of hydrogen atoms attached to each carbon in a a triglyceride determines its degree of:
saturation
Students in this lab (as well as other lab technicians and investigstors!) can test for the presence of sugars using a test that incorporates a chemical called _____________ __________, which reacts with monosaccarides and disaccharides (except sucrose!) in the presence of heat to change from its original blue and produce a green, yellow, or orange color.
Benedict’s reagent
Proteins in a sample can be test for using a chemical called ________ ___________ , which turns pinkish purple in the presence of proteins.
Correct Biuret reagent
Nonpolar molecules such as triglycerides are attracted to similar nonpolar molecules, and repelled by water. This means they are ___________, and not water soluble.
hydrophohbic
The presence of starch in a sample can be detected using a reagent called _________ __________, a special preparation of iodine
lugol’s solution
Carbohydrates consisting of two linked sugars are called __________.
disaccharides
Plants which germinate, grow for a season, overwinter… then flower, produce seeds, and die in the second year, such as Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata) are called _______________.
biennial
Change over time in the composition of organisms in a community or area, paticularly after a disturbance, is called:
succession
What was your favorite plant, organism, or topic on the nature hike?
Butterfly Bushes
In the melting point experiment, we were given lard, olive oil, safflower oil, and butter. Safflower oil usually melts first, followed by olive oil, then butter, and finally, or sometimes not at all, the lard. Which is likely to have the highest degree of UNsaturated fats?
Safflower
What is the point of an emulsifying agent?
Binding hydrophobic and hydrophilic compounds together
What color indicates a positive result of starch testing with Lugol’s iodine?
black
As you increase magnification of a microscope by using higher power objectives, your depth of field _______________
decreases
What power objectives are available on these microscopes?
4x, 10x, 40x & 100x
What len(es) is/are OK to use the coarse adjustment knob with?
the scanning/4x objective only
what is the only material to touch the microscope lenses? _________ _________________
lens paper
What is the rated power/magnification of the ocular eyepiece lenses? (Spoiler - it’s in the diagram)
10x
What is the TOTAL MAXIMUM MAGNIFICATION of these compound microscopes?
1000x
Aside from the on/off switch and the rheostat, the next most important part of the compund microscope involved in light control (and image clarity) is the _________ _________________
(Hint: it’s under the stage…and double check the spelling)
iris diaphragm
The 10x “eyepiece” that you look through is called the __________ _____________
Ocular lens(es)
Another word for a lining or the surface-boundry tissue type is ______________ tissue.
epithelial
The group of organisms that lack a nucleus, such as bacterial or archaea cells, are referred to as:
prokaryotic cells
Cells, such as “animal” or “plant” cells which contain a nucleus are known as:
eukaryotic cells
In prokaryotes, the DNA is found free in the __________________ of the cell.
(Use the technical term; watch spelling)
cytoplasm
The technical/medical/scientific term for red blood cells is__________________
erythrocytes
What biological activity do choloplasts (and cyanobacteria) participate in?
(Starts with a “p”…mentioned about 1” above them…)
photosynthesis
The large fluid-filled sack/compartment in plant cells that serves to store water is the _____________
vacuole
Since we’re using the ‘scopes again…what objective len(es) is/are it aceptable to use the coarse focus knob of the compound microscope with?
Just the 4x
The membrane-bound, DNA containing organelle “easily” visiible in properly stained eukaryotes is the ____________.
nucleus
Animal” cells like our cheek cells were irregular in shape because they do not have a rigid, cellulose containing ________ ________ like plant cells.
cell wall
he technical term for a white blood cell is a __________________.
leukocytes
_____________, or lining tissue, lines inernal and external free surfaces of the body.
epithelial
A biological molecule that catalyzes reactions (speeds them up wihtout itself being consumed) is an ____________.
enzymes
THe process of a protein unfolding, changing shape, and losing its proper three dimentional structure is ________________________
denaturation
Neutral pH on the pH scale has a (numeric) value of __.
7
The ____________ is the molecule on which enzymes act.
substrate
In this experiment, we investigate changing enzyme concentrations, pH, and changing the _______.
temperature
The carbon fixed as glucose in photo synthesis comes from what carbon containing molecule?
Carbon Dioxide
______________ is the process where glucose is broken down into 3-carbon units
glycolysis
Reactions in the mitochondria futher react the pyruvate producing carbon dioxide, as part of the _____ ______ reactions.
Krebs Cycle
in the presence of oxygen, the electron transport chain produces a lot of ____ (use abbreviation), an energy storage or “quick energy” molecule.
ATP
In the absence of oxygen (or a functional electron transport chain), pyruvates broken down in a process called ______________, prodcing alcohol, carbon dioxide, or lactic acid.
Fermentation
We use a pink indicator dye, phenolpthalein, in this lab, which is pink when the solution is ________
alkaline (basic)
While varying the distance of the lamp in the photosynthesis experiment, the challenge becomes keeping the ___________ of the water bath constant.
temperature
The photosyntheis relies on using __________ ___________ solution, to provide additional carbon dioxide to the water.
potassium bicarbonate
the mitchondrial reactions in the Krebs cycle produce __x as much ATP per glucose molecule as gycolysis.
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