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Intro to PT > Mid > Flashcards

Mid Flashcards

1
Q

Maximizing the patient’s function, alleviating the patient’s pain, and promoting patient’s use of proper posture are all goals of:

A

musculoskeletal physical therapy

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2
Q

comprehensive process of obtaining a history, reviewing systems, performing specific tests, and measures

A

Musculoskeletal examination

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3
Q

dynamic process in which the PT makes clinical judgments based on exam data and formulates a plan of care

A

Musculoskeletal evaluation

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4
Q

VAS stands for

A

Visual Analog Scale

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5
Q

VAS is also known by these 2 names:

A

“Faces” scale,

Wong-Baker scale

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6
Q

NRS stands for

A

numerical rating system

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7
Q

McGill Questionnaire is:

A

a scale of rating a patient’s pain developed at McGill Uni

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8
Q

3 main pain rating scales are:

A
  • VAS (Faces, Wong-Baker)
  • NRS
  • McGill Questionnaire
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9
Q

evaluates the position maintained by the body when standing and sitting in relation to space and other body parts

A

postural assessment

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10
Q

ROM is measured in degrees with a ______

A

goniometer

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11
Q

measures the amount of motion available at a certain joint or series of joints

A

range of motion (ROM)

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12
Q

evaluates the relative strength of specific muscles and identifies patterns of muscle weakness

A

manual muscle testing

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13
Q

Variable assessment that determines effect of a condition on functional life/work abilities (may be in the form of a questionnaire)

A

functional assessment

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14
Q

visual assessment of gait

A

Gait analysis

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15
Q

Assesses neuro-muscular integrity

A

Deep tendon reflexes

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16
Q

Therapeutic exercises include:

A
  • strengthening
  • stretching
  • balance
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17
Q

ice, heat, US, IFC are all examples of:

A

modalities

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18
Q

soft tissue work is an example of:

A

Manual therapy

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19
Q

increase circulation, decrease pain, and decrease edema are all

A

physiological changes

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20
Q

exercises to improve function, strength, endurance, and flexibility

A

therapeutic exercises

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21
Q

exercise plan parameters include (4):

A
  • frequency
  • duration
  • intensity
  • type
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22
Q

exercises that move a joint through the extent of its limitations

A

ROM interventions

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23
Q

3 types of ROM interventions:

A

PROM (passive)
AAROM (active assisted)
AROM (active)

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24
Q

ROM intervention performed by PT/PTA or mechanical device and will not increase strength

A

PROM intervention

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25
Q

ROM intervention performed by PT/PTA when patient has joint stiffness and to decrease pain

A

joint mobilization

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26
Q

ROM intervention performed by patient that will increase strength but not ROM

A

AROM intervention

27
Q

ROM interventions performed by patient with PT/PTA or GG help. Will increase strength but not ROM

A

AAROM intervention

28
Q

strengthening exercise that has the distal end of limb on ground or firm surface,

is a more advanced form of exercise,

movement at one joint causes movements at other joints

A

Closed kinetic chain

29
Q

strengthening exercise that

has end of limb free to move in space (not fixed)

typically uses individual mm groups and non-weight bearing postures

A

Open kinetic chain

30
Q

strengthening exercise that

muscle contraction without joint movement

promotes increase circulation, decrease mm spasm

usually for patient with joint motion contraindicated

A

Isometric exercises

31
Q

strengthening exercises with constant load but not constant speed

load is moved through ROM

A

Isotonic exercises

32
Q

exercises that increase extensibility of soft tissue and improves ROM

A

Stretching exercises

33
Q

4 types of stretching exercises are:

A
  • static
  • ballistic (bad)
  • self-stretching
  • contract/relax
34
Q

____ ____ should be performed EVERY therapy session and be age-appropriate.

A

patient education

35
Q

specializes in trating older adults (>65yo)

A

geriatric PT

36
Q

Focus of geriatric rehab is:

A

patient’s functional goals

promoting optimal health

restoring and maintaining the patient’s highest level of function and independence

37
Q

3 most important assessments for geriatric patients:

A
  • psychosocial
  • functional
  • environmental
38
Q

2 major government plans for the geriatric patient population:

A
  • medicare

- medicaid

39
Q

immobility, fractures, falls, co-morbidities, and frailty are all examples of:

A

geriatric dysfunction

40
Q

____ are the leading cause of fatal and non-fatal injuries to adults older than 65 yo

A

falls

41
Q

COG

A

center of gravity

42
Q

LOG

A

line of gravity

43
Q

treating patients who have skin disorders, chronic wounds, or burns

A

Integumentary PT

44
Q

2 main normal aging changes in skin:

A

flattening of the basement membrane

decreased dermal thickness and decrease spatial density of collagen bundles

45
Q

a wound that does not proceed through normal stages of healing (takes longer than 4 weeks to heal)

A

chronic wounds

46
Q

wound healing phase that occurs within the 1st 72 hours. Initiates repair

A

inflammatory phase

47
Q

During the _____ wound healing phase, platelets cause clotting, and blood loss is controlled by vasoconstriction,

A

inflammatory phase

48
Q

List the 4 phases of wound healing in order from earliest to last

A
  1. Hemostasis/Coagulation
  2. Inflammation
  3. Proliferation
  4. Maturation/Remodeling
49
Q

In wound healing, _____ plays a role in fighting infection, clearing debris, and triggering the proliferation phase

A

Inflammation

50
Q

wound healing phase that typically begin 72 hours post injury and overlaps the inflammation phase

A

Proliferative phase

51
Q

In wound healing, collagen formation is important during this phase because it increases the strength of the wound. (wound is usually at 15-80% of normal strength)

A

Proliferative phase

52
Q

phase in wound healing that can last up to 18 months depending on size of wound

A

Maturation phase

53
Q

type of tissue in wound that its goal is to protect wound and maintain a moist environment (healthy tissue)

A

Red/pink (viable)

54
Q

type of tissue in wound described as slough. Goal is to absorb or debride. (not a sign of infection)

A

yellow (non-viable)

55
Q

type of tissue that is thick eschar firmly adhered. Treatment goal is to debride necrotic tissue.

A

Black (non-viable)

56
Q

burns that are superficial, have limited redness, and involve only the epidermis

A

1st degree burns

57
Q

burns that have superficial partial thickness or deep partial thickness, involves damage down into the dermis. Blistering occurs

A

2nd degree burns

58
Q

burns that are full thickness. Epidermis and dermis is lost with damage to subcuteous tissue. Very painful and requires skin graft

A

3rd degree burns

59
Q

Sub-dermal burn, minimal pain, requires skin grafts and is common with trauma

A

4th degree burns

60
Q

rule to determine extent of the burned area on an adult

A

rule of nines

61
Q

arterial, pressure, venous stasis ulcers are all types of:

A

chronic wounds

62
Q

3 forms of debridement are:

A

autolytic
enzymatic
sharp

63
Q

modalities used in wound care are:

A
  • ultrasound

- electrical stimulation

Intro to PT (2 decks)

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