MICU Flashcards
What is used to treat symptomatic multifocal atrial tachycardia?
B-blocker of CCB
What heart arythmia is classically seen in COPD exacerbation?
MAT
What are the side effect profile of Theophylline?
seizures and arrhythmias
What is the average % of gastric emptying at 2 hours? 4 hours?
%60 emptied at 2 hours, %95 emptied at 4 hours
Is a positive urine antigen test for legionella really sensitive or specific in patients admitted for CAP?
specific
What is the normal range of cardiac index?
2.6-4.2
How is cardiac index calculated?
cardiac output/body surface area
Below what level of cardiac index is the patient likely in cardiogenic shock?
<2.2
How do you calculate cardiac output?
stroke volume X HR
Anion gap calculation
= Na - Cl - bicarb
1st line vasopressor support in septic shock
norepinephrine
What is the name of the rhythm caused by a high atrioventricular (AV) nodal block that results in a progressive prolongation of the PR interval until a P wave fails to conduct to the ventricle?
Second-degree AV block type I (Wenckebach)
What is the goal of end-tidal CO2 in post cardiac arrest?What about O2 sats?
35-40 mEq/L; 94%
When do you defibrillation in ACLs?
Vfib or pulseless Vtach
What is the 1st line antiarrythmic for VF/pulseless Vtach?
amiodarone
5 H’s of PEA/asystole
Hypovolemia, hypoxia, hypo/hyperK, Hydrogen Ion, Hypothermia
the 5 T’s of PEA/Asystole
Tamponade, Tension pneumothorax, toxins, thrombosis, thrombosis (heart or lungs)
1st line tx for symptomatic bradycardia. what next?
Atropine; dopamine or epinephrine or transcutaneous pacing
Define narrow qrs complex
<0.12 seconds
Causes of narrow qrs tachycardia?
sinus tach, afib/flut, AV nodal reentry, accessory pathway -mediated tachycardia, atrial tachycardia, MAT, junctional tachycardia
What is the mechanism of a PVC?
the beat is started in the Purkinje fibers instead of the SA node
What is a wide QRS complex and what are the causes of wide QRS complexes
vtach, vfib, SVT with aberrancy, pre-excited tachycardias (WPW), v-paced
What would you use synchronized cardioversion for?
unstable SVT/afib/aflut/monomorphic VT
What does monomorphic VT look like?
wide and bizarre QRS complexes
What is a Dressler beat?
p wave during monomorphic VT
Patient has narrow complex tachycardia, pt hemo unstable (or SVT)
synchronized cardioversion
regular, wide complex tachycardia, pt hemo unstable
antiarrythmic
CorPP (coronary perfusion pressure) calculation
= diastolic BP- right atrial pressure
What GCS score and RR are indicative of impending respiratory failure?
<8 or >40
2 categories of hypoxia?
normocapneic vs hypercapneic
What is a good algorithm to look up hypoxia algorithm?
Cleveland clinic algorithm
How to estimate FiO2 estimation of nasal cannulas?
= 21 + 3(L of O2)
What are EKG changes for Left atrial enlargement?
II and V1
How do you calculate how much fluid to give in a burn patient?
- Parkland Formula=4mL x body weight (kg) x %TBSA, for total Liters in a 24 hour period
- First 8 hours give half, and then divide the rest over a 16 hour period
