Microscopy

Question 1

basic unit of living organisms

Answer 1

Basic living units of humans and living

organism are cells

Question 2

4 microscopes

Answer 2

1. light microscope
2. dissecting microscope
3. (SEM) scanning
   electron microscope
4. (TEM) transmission
   electron microscope

Question 3

Magnification

Answer 3

the ratio of an object’s

image size to its real size

Question 4

Resolution

Answer 4

measurement of the clarity of

an image

Question 5

Contrast

Answer 5

difference between brightness

and darkness in an image

Question 6

SEM

Answer 6

used to study topography and

surface of specimen in 3D

Question 7

TEM

Answer 7

highly detailed cross section

Question 8

3 basic principles of cells confirmed

by microscope study:

Answer 8

1. All living things are composed of cells
   and cell products
2. A single cell is the smallest unit that
   exhibits all characteristics of life
3. All cells come only from pre-existing cells

Question 9

Functions of cells needed to live:

Answer 9

o Structure to define its borders
o Support infrastructure
o Information centre
o Manufacturing facilities
o Refining, packaging and shipping centres
o Transportation systems for raw materials
and energy
o Mechanisms for recycling and removing
waste
->  Mechanism to defend themselves or
combat invaders

Question 10

Cell shape and size

Answer 10

• Every cell must support its activities therefore it requires raw material in proportion to its size
• Waste product removal -> must be small enough to be removed
• Cell size vs. its ability to transport materials across the plasma membrane is an important
functioning of the cell
• Nuclear control of activities in cell -> effective communication with internal and external
environment