Microscopy

Question 1

study of cells

Answer 1

cytology

Question 2

study of tissues

Answer 2

histology

Question 3

4 types of tissues

Answer 3

epithelium, connective tissue, nerve tissue, muscle tissue

Question 4

study of organs

Answer 4

organology

Question 5

light microscope

Answer 5

interaction of light with tissue components

Question 6

the ability to make small objects seem larger

Answer 6

magnification

Question 7

magnification without revealing more detail

Answer 7

empty magnification

Question 8

hematoxylin

Answer 8

a positively charged blue stain, binds negatively charged groups, stains basophilic tissue components

Question 9

eosin

Answer 9

a negatively charged red dye, binds positively charged groups, stains acidophilic tissue components

Question 10

trichrome

Answer 10

a connective tissue stain

Question 11

silver stain

Answer 11

stains reticular fibers and nerve cells

Question 12

feulgen

Answer 12

stains nucleic acid -> DNA

Question 13

PAS

Answer 13

stains carbohydrates and sugars

Question 14

Oil red/ Sudan Black

Answer 14

stains fats (only works on frozen sections - non cleared samples)

Question 15

Immunohistochemisty (IHC)

Answer 15

antibodies tagged with enzyme, viewed with a brightfield microscope

Question 16

Immunofluorescence

Answer 16

antibodies tagged with fluorescent molecules, viewed with a fluorescent microscope

Question 17

Immunoelectron microscopy

Answer 17

antibodies tagged with colloidal gold, viewed with an electron microscope

Question 18

transmission electron microscope

Answer 18

study internal structures of the cell (2D)

Question 19

scanning electron microscope

Answer 19

study surface features of cells and tissues (3D)

Question 20

polarizing microscope

Answer 20

determines different refractive indices along different optical axes

Question 21

phase microscope

Answer 21

study living tissue (cellular and sub cellular components)

Question 22

interference microscope

Answer 22

study living tissue (surface topology)

Question 23

fluorescence microscope

Answer 23

examine the presence of fluorescent material

Question 24

confocal microscope

Answer 24

optically section a cell and reconstruct a 3D image of the cell

Question 25

resolution

Answer 25

discrimination between two objects that are close together

Question 26

detection

Answer 26

the ability to perceive the presence of an object

Question 27

resolving power

Answer 27

limit of resolution

Question 28

paraffin-embedded sections

Answer 28

take several days, higher resolution

Question 29

frozen sections

Answer 29

quicker process, poorer morphology, fat remains