Microscopes and Cell

Question 1

Mitochondria

Answer 1

power house of the cell; supplies energy to the entire cell

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

the brain of the cell; controls the activities of the cell

Question 3

Cell Wall

Answer 3

protects the cell; located outside the cell membrane

Question 4

Cell Membrane

Answer 4

the outer covering of the cell; it is double layered

Question 5

Vacuoles

Answer 5

Storage containers; holds water food and other materials the cell needs

Question 6

Chloroplasts

Answer 6

allows plants to make food through the process of photosynthesis

Question 7

Cytoplasm

Answer 7

the gel like material which takes up all the free space in the cell; where life takes place

Question 8

Chromosomes

Answer 8

make up most of the space in the nucleus; made up of proteins and DNA

Question 9

Lysosomes

Answer 9

contains digestive enzymes to break down foreign substances that enter the cell; the vacuum of the cell

Question 10

Ribosomes

Answer 10

small ball like structure in the cytoplasm on which proteins (RNA) are made

Question 11

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Answer 11

can be rough or smooth; rough ER has ribosomes attached to it; responsible for the folding and transporting of proteins

Question 12

Golgi body

Answer 12

controls the import and export of substances; the delivery system of the cell

Question 13

Scientific Method

Answer 13

1. Ask a question
2. Form a Hypothesis
3. Test Hypothesis
4. Analize Results
5. Draw Conclusion
6. Comunicate Results

Question 14

How many cells do we have in us?

Answer 14

100 Trillion

Question 15

Independent Variable

Answer 15

the variable that is deliberately changed by the scientists

Question 16

Dependent Variable

Answer 16

depends on the independent variable; the thing that is being measured

Question 17

Constants

Answer 17

the things that stay the same during an expirement

Question 18

the lens at the top of the microscope that you look through. They eyepiece is usually 10x or 15x power.

Answer 18

eyepiece lens

Question 19

Connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses.

Answer 19

tube

Question 20

Supports the tube and connects it to the base of the microscope.

Answer 20

arm

Question 21

The bottom of the microscope, used for support.

Answer 21

base

Question 22

Usually you will find 3 or 4 objective lenses on a microscope. They almost always consist of 4x, 10x, 40x and 100x powers.

Answer 22

objective lenses

Question 23

A rotating turret that houses the objective lenses.

Answer 23

revolving nosepiece

Question 24

The flat platform where the slide is placed.

Answer 24

stage

Question 25

Metal clips that hold the slide in place.

Answer 25

stage clips

Question 26

This switch on the base of the microscope turns the illuminator off and on.

Answer 26

on/off switch

Question 27

Adjusts the amount of light that reaches the specimen.

Answer 27

diaphragm

Question 28

raises and lowers the stage of the microscope.

Answer 28

coarse adjustment

Question 29

small, round knob on the side of the microscope used to fine-tune the focus of your specimen after using the coarse adjustment knob

Answer 29

fine adjustment

Question 30

generates light, so the specimen can be examined (sends light through base, diaphragm, stage specimen, slide, objective lens, nose-piece, body, body tube, and eyepiece)

Answer 30

light source

Question 31

6 traits an organism must have in order to be considered a living thing…

Answer 31

1. organization
2. growth & development
3. reproduction
4. response to stimuli
5. homeostasis
6. use of energy

Question 32

what is a cell

Answer 32

the smallest unit of life

Question 33

what is an organism

Answer 33

things that have all the characteristics of life

Question 34

what does pro-no and eu-do help you remember

Answer 34

pro-no=no eu-do=more complex

Question 35

homeostasis

Answer 35

the tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes.