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BIOL 220 Lab > Microscope Lab > Flashcards

Microscope Lab Flashcards

1
Q

what’s the minimum requirement for a compound microscope?

A

compound miscroscope must have 2 lenses…

  1. ocular lens (eye piece)
  2. objective lens
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2
Q

define compound microscope

A

an instrument that consists of at least 2 lenses

minimum requirement is…
1. ocular lens
2. objective lens

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3
Q

how many lenses does our class microscope have?

A

class microscope has 3 lenses

  1. ocular lens
  2. objective lens
  3. condensor lens
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4
Q

function of compound microscope

A

to magnify the image in a high resolution

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5
Q

does a compound microscope magnify the object?

A

no, compound microscope will only magnify the image… the object is not magnified

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6
Q

define resolution

A

resolution: microscope’s ability to show the fine structural details of the image with clarity and sharpness

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7
Q

main power switch function

A

turns on light source

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8
Q

brightness adjustment knob function

A

dial at the side of the microscope which regulates the amount of light to the microscope

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9
Q

light source/LED bulb function

A

is a white light

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10
Q

define substage area

A

area underneath the stage

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11
Q

what parts are in the substage area?

A

iris/aperture diaphragm with lever and condenser lens

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12
Q

iris diaphragm function (also called iris/aperture diaphragm)

A

fine tunes the light

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13
Q

condensor lens function

A

prevent light from scattering as it travels from the bottom

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14
Q

where can the condenser lens be seen?

A

it is seen through “hole” in the stage

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15
Q

where is the condenser lens found?

A

found under the specimen

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16
Q

list the 2 microscope settings

A
  1. bright field (BF) setting/microscopy
  2. dark field (DF) setting/microscopy
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17
Q

what type of microscope setting would you use for a pond water sample?

A

dark field (DF) setting/microscopy

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18
Q

differentiate between bright field (BF) and dark field (DF) setting/microscopy

A

bright field (BF) setting/microscopy
1. bright background
2. object is colored because of dyes/stains used
3. light passes all the way through the specimen
4. used for observing “dead” specimens
note: the dyes/stains kill the specimen because they are toxic

dark field (DF) setting/microscopy
1. dark backgroundd
2. object is not colored because no dyes/stains were used
3. light reflects off the specimen so the object appears shiny/silver
4. used for observing live specimens because no dyes were used

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19
Q

define stage

A

stage: area where you put the slide or specimen on top of it

20
Q

list the parts of the stage

A

slide adjuster knob and scale of specimen position

21
Q

slide adjuster knob function

A

slide adjuster knob: allows us to scan the slide by moving it back and forth plus side to side

22
Q

scale of specimen position function

A

scale of specimen position: to pinpoint a landmark on the slide

it is used for coordination

23
Q

does the scale of specimen position measure a specimen’s size?

A

no, the scale of specimen position pinpoints a landmark on the slide

24
Q

how do we change objective lenses?

A

we use the revolving nose piece to change objective lenses

25
Q

how many objective lenses are there?

A

4 objective lenses which magnify at 4 different levels

26
Q

objective lenses function

A

primary magnification of the image

27
Q

list the objective lenses

A

4X = scanning lens

10X = low power lens

40X = high power lens

100X = oil immersion lens

28
Q

define ocular lens

A

ocular lens: eye piece

29
Q

ocular lens function

A

ocular lens function: to always magnify the image to 10X

30
Q

list the lenses and their magnification

A

objective lens = 4 different magnification levels

  1. scanning lens = 4X
  2. low power lens = 10X
  3. high power lens = 40X
  4. oil immersion lens = 100X

ocular lens = 10X

31
Q

total magnification formula?

A

total magnification = ocular lens magnification x objective lens magnification

32
Q

which lens is primarily responsible for magnification?

A

objective lens

33
Q

do the ocular lens magnification vary?

A

no, ocular lens constantly magnify an image to 10X

34
Q

do the objective lens magnification vary?

A

yes, objective lens magnification will vary because there are 4 different objective lenses

35
Q

which lenses are involved in magnification?

A

ocular lens and objective lens

36
Q

which lenses are involved in light?

A

condenser lens are involved in light

condenser lens: prevents light from scattering

37
Q

list and describe the different knobs, also state functions

A
  1. coarse focus knob
    - bigger, inner knob
    - moves stage up and down
    - function: initial, “rough” focus
  2. fine focus knob
    - smaller, outer knobs
    - fine movement of stage
    - function: later, “fine” focus
38
Q

define range of field (visual field)

A

visual field: area you can see when looking through the microscope

39
Q

describe relationship between visual field and magnification

A

inverse relationship between visual field (range of field) and magnification

increase magnification = decrease visual field (ex: 100X)

decrease magnification = increase visual field (ex: 4X)

40
Q

define depth of field

A

depth of field: distance between objective lens and specimen

41
Q

describe relationship between depth of field and magnification

A

inverse relationship between depth of field and magnification

higher magnification = smaller depth of field (100X)

lower magnification = larger depth of field (4X)

42
Q

define plane of focus

A

plane of focus: specimen’s layers which light must pass through

43
Q

define center plane of focus

A

center plane of focus: the ideal plane to focus on

center plane focus is the goal

44
Q

describe relationship between knobs and plane of focus

A

coarse focus knob: gets you to any planes of focus

fine focus knob: gets you to center plan of focus meaning better resolution

45
Q

is blue or white light better and why?

A

blue light is better because it…
- has a shorter wavelength
- penetrates deeper into specimen
- provides the best resolution

46
Q

which light does class microscope have?

A

white light

BIOL 220 Lab (1 decks)

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