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BIOLOGY-CHAP1 > MICROSCOPE > Flashcards

MICROSCOPE Flashcards

1
Q

The most important tool ever invented for biologist

A

Microscope

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1
Q

The first simple microscopes

A

Magnifying glasses

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2
Q

made over 250
different kinds of simple microscopes to look at different things

A

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek

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3
Q

uses two lenses to magnify the image

A

Compund Microscope

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4
Q

usually magnifies about 10 times (10x)

A

Eyepiece/Ocular Lens

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5
Q

the other lens, the one closest to the object being viewed

A

Objective

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6
Q

The first compound microscope was invented by two Dutch lensmakers,

A

Janssen brothers

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7
Q

usually have more than one objective mounted on a revolving nosepiece that the objectives can be
changed

A

Modern Compound Microscope

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8
Q

magnifies 4X

A

Low-power objective

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9
Q

magnifies 10X

A

Medium-power objective

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10
Q

magnifies 40X

A

High-power objective

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11
Q

multiplying the ocular lens (10X) times the the objective lens being used at the time

A

Total magniification

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12
Q

the apparent increase in an object’s size when view through the lens, is limited

A

Magnification

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12
Q

2 major types of compound microscopes

A

Scanning electron microscope & Transmission electron
microscope

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13
Q

magnifies less but gives a 3-dimensional image of the object viewed

A

Scanning electron microscope

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14
Q

magnifies less but gives a 2-dimensional image of the object viewed

A

Transmission electron microscope

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15
Q

To magnify or enlarge the image of tiny
objects.

A

Microscope

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16
Q

uses light as a source
of energy for viewing objects.

A

Light microscope

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17
Q

A
compound microscope
with a single eyepiece.

A

Monocular Microscope

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18
Q
  • A
    microscope with a head that has
    two eyepiece lenses.
  • refer to
    compound or high power
    microscopes where the two
    eyepieces view through a single
    objective lens.
A

Binocular Microscope

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19
Q

A
microscope with a
built in digital
camera that enables
direct feed to a PC,
TV or printer.

A

Digital Microscope

20
Q
  • A
    type of microscope that uses
    electrons rather than light to
    create an image of the target.
  • It has much higher
    magnification or resolving
    power than a normal light
    microscope, up to two
    million times, allowing it to
    see smaller objects and
    details.
A

Electron Microscope

21
Q
  • A
    low power microscope
    or dissecting
    microscope with a
    separate eyepiece and
    objective lens for each
    eye    .
  • These separate optical
    channels enable stereo
    or three-dimensional
    images of the specimen.
A

Stereo Microscope

22
Q

can be used to view
living and motile
microorganisms.

A

Dark Field and Phase Contrast Microscope

23
the power of the microscope to show detail clearly
Resolution
24
consists of metal controls and devices
Mechanical Parts
25
consists of glass lenses
Optical Parts
26
It is a **U-shaped structure and supports** the entire weight of the compound microscope.
Foot/Base
27
It is a joint, wherein the **arm is fastened to** the compound microscope’s **pillar**.
Inclination Joint
28
The entire microscope is handled by a strong and curved structure.
Arm
28
It is a** vertical projection**. This stands by resting on the base and supports the stage.
Pillar
29
- The **flat and rectangular plate** that is connected to the arm’s lower end - **The specimen is placed on** or studying and examining the various features.
Stage
30
is **the hole in the stage** through which the base (transmitted) light reaches the stage.
Aperture
31
helps to hold the slide in place
Stage Clip
32
- A **wheel or lever fastened below the stage**. - It controls and adjusts the intensity of light that passes into the microscope. The diaphragm can be of two
Diaphragm
33
2 types of Diaphragm
- Disc Diaphragm - Iris Diaphragm
34
- is used **to collect and focus the light from the illuminator on to the specimen.** - It is located under the stage often in conjunction with an iris diaphragm.
Condenser
35
- the **upper part of the arm of the microscope** comprises a hollow and tubular structure - can be shifted down and up using the adjustment knobs
Body Tube
36
- Holds the objective lenses - Rotates to enable magnification - Located at the bottom of the body tube
Revolving Nosepiece/Turret
37
- **Raises and lowers the stage or objective lenses** a small distance for exact focusing ** Used when focusing** the medium power (10x) and high power (40x) **objective lenses**
Fine Adjustment Knob
37
- A large knob that raises and lowers the stage - Used for moving the body tube down and up for bringing the object to be examined under exact focus. - Used only when focusing the low power (4x) objective lens
Coarse Adjustment Knob
37
- Also known as the ocular - On the rim of the eyepiece, there are certain markings such as 5X, 10X, 15X, etc. Which indicates the magnification power. - Most compound microscope has 10X ocular magnification.
Eyepiece
38
- Provides light necessary for viewing the specimen. - Sends light through the stage opening to the diaphragm. - It consists of a concave mirror on one side and a plain mirror on the other side.
Mirror
39
- Used in combination with the eyepiece to provide a range of magnification - Magnification ranges from 4x to 100x - Located on the nosepiece at the bottom of the body tube
Objective Lenses
40
contain lenses that contribute to total magnification
Objectives
41
calculate total magnification
Magnification formula
42
ocular power x objective power
total magnification
43
provides the lowest magnification power of all objective lenses.
Scanning Objective Lens
44
has more magnification power than the scanning objective lens, and it is one of the most helpful lenses when it comes to observing and analyzing glass slide samples.
Low Power Objective (10x)
45
is ideal for observing fine details within a specimen sample.
High Power Objective (40x)
46
- provides the most powerful magnification, with a total of 1000x when combined with a 10x eyepiece
Oil Immersion Objective (100x)
47
- A thin flat piece of glass used to hold objects for examination under the microscope.
Microscope Glass Slides

BIOLOGY-CHAP1 (13 decks)

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