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BIOLOGY-CHAP1 > MICROSCOPE > Flashcards

MICROSCOPE Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The most important tool ever invented for biologist

A

Microscope

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1
Q

The first simple microscopes

A

Magnifying glasses

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2
Q

made over 250
different kinds of simple microscopes to look at different things

A

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek

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3
Q

uses two lenses to magnify the image

A

Compund Microscope

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4
Q

usually magnifies about 10 times (10x)

A

Eyepiece/Ocular Lens

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5
Q

the other lens, the one closest to the object being viewed

A

Objective

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6
Q

The first compound microscope was invented by two Dutch lensmakers,

A

Janssen brothers

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7
Q

usually have more than one objective mounted on a revolving nosepiece that the objectives can be
changed

A

Modern Compound Microscope

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8
Q

magnifies 4X

A

Low-power objective

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9
Q

magnifies 10X

A

Medium-power objective

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10
Q

magnifies 40X

A

High-power objective

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11
Q

multiplying the ocular lens (10X) times the the objective lens being used at the time

A

Total magniification

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12
Q

the apparent increase in an object’s size when view through the lens, is limited

A

Magnification

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12
Q

2 major types of compound microscopes

A

Scanning electron microscope & Transmission electron
microscope

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13
Q

magnifies less but gives a 3-dimensional image of the object viewed

A

Scanning electron microscope

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14
Q

magnifies less but gives a 2-dimensional image of the object viewed

A

Transmission electron microscope

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15
Q

To magnify or enlarge the image of tiny
objects.

A

Microscope

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16
Q

uses light as a source
of energy for viewing objects.

A

Light microscope

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17
Q

A
compound microscope
with a single eyepiece.

A

Monocular Microscope

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18
Q
  • A
    microscope with a head that has
    two eyepiece lenses.
  • refer to
    compound or high power
    microscopes where the two
    eyepieces view through a single
    objective lens.
A

Binocular Microscope

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19
Q

A
microscope with a
built in digital
camera that enables
direct feed to a PC,
TV or printer.

A

Digital Microscope

20
Q
  • A
    type of microscope that uses
    electrons rather than light to
    create an image of the target.
  • It has much higher
    magnification or resolving
    power than a normal light
    microscope, up to two
    million times, allowing it to
    see smaller objects and
    details.
A

Electron Microscope

21
Q
  • A
    low power microscope
    or dissecting
    microscope with a
    separate eyepiece and
    objective lens for each
    eye    .
  • These separate optical
    channels enable stereo
    or three-dimensional
    images of the specimen.
A

Stereo Microscope

22
Q

can be used to view
living and motile
microorganisms.

A

Dark Field and Phase Contrast Microscope

23
Q

the power of the microscope
to show detail clearly

A

Resolution

24
Q

consists of metal controls
and devices

A

Mechanical Parts

25
Q

consists of glass lenses

A

Optical Parts

26
Q

It is a U-shaped
structure and
supports the entire
weight of the
compound
microscope.

A

Foot/Base

27
Q

It is a joint, wherein
the arm is fastened to
the compound
microscope’s pillar.

A

Inclination Joint

28
Q

The entire microscope
is handled by a strong
and curved structure.

A

Arm

28
Q

It is a** vertical
projection**. This
stands by resting on
the base and supports
the stage.

A

Pillar

29
Q
  • The flat and rectangular
    plate     that is connected to
    the arm’s lower end
  • The specimen is placed on
    or studying and
    examining the various
    features.
A

Stage

30
Q

is the hole in the
stage through which the
base (transmitted) light
reaches the stage.

A

Aperture

31
Q

helps to hold the slide in place

A

Stage Clip

32
Q
  • A wheel or lever fastened
    below the stage    .
  • It controls and adjusts the
    intensity of light that passes
    into the microscope. The
    diaphragm can be of two
A

Diaphragm

33
Q

2 types of Diaphragm

A
  • Disc Diaphragm
  • Iris Diaphragm
34
Q
  • is used to collect and
    focus the light from
    the illuminator on to
    the specimen.
  • It is located under the
    stage often in
    conjunction with an
    iris diaphragm.
A

Condenser

35
Q
  • the upper part of the arm
    of the microscope
    comprises a hollow and
    tubular structure
  • can be shifted down and up using the adjustment knobs
A

Body Tube

36
Q
  • Holds the objective
    lenses
  • Rotates to enable
    magnification
  • Located at the bottom
    of the body tube
A

Revolving Nosepiece/Turret

37
Q
  • Raises and lowers the
    stage or objective lenses
    a small distance for exact
    focusing
    ** Used when focusing** the
    medium power (10x)
    and high power (40x)
    objective lenses
A

Fine Adjustment Knob

37
Q
  • A large knob that raises
    and lowers the stage
  • Used for moving the body
    tube down and up for
    bringing the object to be
    examined under exact
    focus.
  • Used only when focusing
    the low power (4x)
    objective lens
A

Coarse Adjustment Knob

37
Q
  • Also known as the ocular
  • On the rim of the eyepiece,
    there are certain markings
    such as 5X, 10X, 15X, etc.
    Which indicates the
    magnification power.
  • Most compound
    microscope has 10X ocular
    magnification.
A

Eyepiece

38
Q
  • Provides light
    necessary for viewing
    the specimen.
  • Sends light through
    the stage opening to
    the diaphragm.
  • It consists of a
    concave mirror on one
    side and a plain mirror
    on the other side.
A

Mirror

39
Q
  • Used in combination
    with the eyepiece to
    provide a range of
    magnification
  • Magnification ranges
    from 4x to 100x
  • Located on the
    nosepiece at the bottom
    of the body tube
A

Objective Lenses

40
Q

contain lenses that contribute to total magnification

A

Objectives

41
Q

calculate total magnification

A

Magnification formula

42
Q

ocular power x objective power

A

total magnification

43
Q

provides the lowest magnification
power of all objective lenses.

A

Scanning Objective Lens

44
Q

has more
magnification power than the
scanning objective lens, and it is
one of the most helpful lenses
when it comes to observing and
analyzing glass slide samples.

A

Low Power Objective (10x)

45
Q

is ideal for observing fine
details within a specimen sample.

A

High Power Objective (40x)

46
Q
  • provides the most powerful
    magnification, with a total of
    1000x when combined with a
    10x eyepiece
A

Oil Immersion Objective (100x)

47
Q
  • A thin flat piece of glass
    used to hold objects for
    examination under the
    microscope.
A

Microscope Glass Slides

BIOLOGY-CHAP1 (13 decks)

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