Microscope Flashcards
When was the first compound microscope was found
1590
He used a compound microscope to observe pores in cork; He called them “cells”
Robert Hooke
When did Robert Hooke used a compound microscope in observing pores in a cork?
1655
He is the 1st to see single-celled organisms in pond water.
Antoine Van Leeuwenhoek
Microscope History (MH) 1625
First use of term “microscope”
MH 1850
Opthalmoscope
MH 1873
Abbe equation EM
MH 1956
Optical Microscope, used by physician during eye surgery
MH 1957
Confocal principle
MH 1978
Confocal laser scanning microscopes
MH 1986
Nobel Prize Microscopy
MH 1990
Multiphoton microscopy
MH 1991
OCT
MH 1993
Super-resolution microscopy
MH 1994
STED/SIM
MH 2002
SD-OCT
MH 2006
RESOLFT, PALM, FPALM, STORM
MH 2008
Chemistry Nobel Prize GFP
MH 2014
Chemistry Nobel Prize super microscopes (OCTA)
It is a type of microscope that consists of a single lens set in a frame; it has low magnifiying power and enlarges an object without inverting the image
Simple or Magnifier
A type of microscope with two lenses system; the objective and eyepiece. It can magnify 100x.
Compound microscope
A type of microscope that is a simple microscope consisting of two microscopes mounted on a single body. See a real stereoscopic perception of depth.
Stereoscopic Microscope
A type of microscope which is a sophisticated apparatus which uses beams of electrons. Can magnify 100,000 times.
Electron Microscope
A type of microscope which is used for the study of detailed structure of surfaces of the specimen since image is formed by secondary electrons that are reflected back from the specimen. 3D.
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
A type of microscope which is exclusively used in examination of the internal structure of the cell since electrons that pass through the form the image.
Transmission Electron Microscope
The ratio of the apparent size of an object as seen through the microscope and actual size of the object.
Magnification
The adjustment of distance between the objective lens and the specimen when a “clear image” of the specimen is seen through the eyepiece.
Focusing
The image of an object seen in microscopic field.
Virtual or Floating image
The bright circular illuminated area as seen through the ocular eyepiece.
Microscopic Field
The distance between the front lens of the objective lens and top of the cover glass wen the specimen is in focus.
Working Distance
The angle or cone of light rays capable of entering the front lens of the objective from a point in the object.
Angular Aperture
It pertains to the thickness of the object that may be seen at one time under focus.
Depth of Focus
A measurement of the ability of the condenser and the objective lens to gather light.
Numerical Aperture
An ability of the lens to clearly separate or distinguish two points of two lines individually in the image
Resolving Power
It refers to the objectives and the eyepiece where practically no change in focus as to be made when one objective is substituted for another.
Parfocal
It is the bending of light rays away from the objective lens when light passes from the glass of the microscope slide to the air.
Refraction
The V-shaped or u-shaped structure that supports the whole instrument.
Base
The vertical extension of the base to which the arm is attache.
Pillar
The curved basic part of the microscope to which the base, body, and stage are attached.
Arm
Is the movable parts which facilitate titling of the microscope
Inclination Joints
A platform upon which the slide containing the specimen is placed. It is provided with a central aperture that allows light to pass from below to the object of the study.
Stage
A pair of metals that holds the slide in place. Some microscopes are provided with a mechanical stage which moves the specimen forward, backward, or sideward by means of a mechanical screw.
Stage clips
A hollow cylinder in front of the upper part of the arm that serves as housing for the lenses. It serves as a passageway of light from the objective to the eye piece.
Body tube
The smaller cylinder is attached to the top of the body tube and holds the ocular or eye piece.
Draw Tube
A fixed plate attached to the base of the body tube and situated above the revolving nosepiece. It protects objectives from dust and dirt.
Dust shield
A rotary head attached to the base of the body tube and holds the objectives/ It also facilitates the shifting of the objectives.
Revolving nosepiece
These are upper, large knobs used for faster movement of the body tube when focusing the low power objective
Coarse Adjustment Knobs or Screws
These are the lower, smaller knobs used for the final focusing under high power objective and viewing at different leves.
Fine Adjustment Knob
Usually two faced where one surface is plain or flat and concave on the other side. It is used to reflect light through the object, lens and into the eyes.
Mirror
An optical part under the stage to which is either fixed or provided with adjustment for lowering or raising until the field is evenly illuminated.
Abbe Condenser
A plate that is supported with numerous apertures of varying size to regulate the amount of light that enters the condenser.
Iris Diaphragm
The detachable tube situated on the top of the draw tube equipped with one set of lenses that magnifies the object several times.
Eyepiece or Ocular
The lens nearest to the objective being examined whereas the lens closest to the eye is termed the ocular (the eyepiece)
Objectives
The shortest cylinder with the widest lens opening but with the lowest magnification.
Scanner
The shortest tube with large lens opening which has a magnification of 10X. It is used to observe the general outline of the object.
Low power objective
The longer tube with smaller lens openign which has a magnification of 40x. It is used in observing the details of the specimen.
High power objective
The longest tube with a very small lens opening and has a magnification varying from 90-100x. Uses cedar wood oil.
Oil immersion objective
