MICROSCOPE Flashcards
Houses the optical parts found in the upper
part of the microscope
HEAD
o Supports the microscope
o Houses the illuminator
o Must rest on a flat surface
BASE
o Connects the head and the base
o When carrying the microscope, we hold the
arm with one hand, and the other hand
supporting the base
ARM
o Another name for revolving nosepiece
o Holds the objective lens
o Used when switching objectives
Turrets
o Characterized as a square platform with a
hole/opening at the center
STAGE
opening at the center
o Where the slide with the specimen is
placed
APERTURE
holds the slides in place
STAGE CLIPS
allows you to move the stage
front or back
Y AXIS KNOBS
allows you to move the stage
left or right
X AXIS KNOBS
Used for the initial focusing of the
specimen
Coarse Adjustment knobs
Objective lens: Scanner/LPO
Coarse Adjustment knobs
Make the image more vivid
Fine adjustment knobs
Objective lens: HPO/OIO
§ Do not use when using
Scanner/LPO
Fine adjustment knobs
Holds the eyepieces in place
Eyepiece tube
o Also known as eyepiece
o Remagnifies the imagine formed by your
objective lens
o 10x
Ocular lens
o Allows us to compensate the difference in
eyesight between the left and right eye
Diopter Adjustment ring
o Scanner - 4x;
o LPO - 10x;
o HPO - 40x;
o OIO - 100x;
red
yellow
blue
white
Objective lens
is commonly used in
parasitology
LPO and HPO
is used in parasitology when
determining the presence of parasites in
the blood (e.g. malarial parasites)
OIO
o Used to collect and focus the light from the
light source/illuminator
Condenser
o Located above the condense and below the
stage
o To control the amount of light that will reach
the specimen
Iris diaphragm
Source of light that is located at the base of
the microscope
Illuminator/ Light Source
Allows us to regulate the intensity of light in
the illuminator
Light intensity adjustment knob
Controls the flow of current that allows the
light source to be turned on or off
Light siwtch
Distance between the left and the right eye
Interpupillary distance
When we change from one objective lens to
another, the image will either stay in focus or close
enough to being unfocused
Parfocal
When we change from one objective lens to
another, the image of the object will stay at the
center
Parcentered
This is the ability of the objective lens to view
adjacent structures as separate objects
Resolving power
- Distance between the objective lens and the
closest surface of the cover slip - Increasing the objective lens will decrease the
working distance
Working distance
- Multiply the magnification power of the eyepiece to
the objective lens that you are using - Eg. Using LPO: 10 x 10 = 100
Total magnification power
It is called brightfield compound microscope
because the magnified objects under the
microscope appear dark against a bright
background
BRIGHTFIELD COMPOUND MICROSCOPE
because the image that we see is being
magnified by two lenses (magnified twice: ocular
lens and objective lens)
COMPOUND
Give me the 5 microscope dos and dont’s
- Keep the microscope covered with a clean plastic
or cloth cover when not in use. - Use a soft cloth dampened with xylene to clean
immersion oil from the OIO. Then, polish with a
clean lint free cloth. - When preparing the microscope for storage, make
sure that the objective lens facing the stage is
scanner and the stage is brought down - Manipulate the light intensity adjustment knob to
reduce the light emitted by the illuminator to
minimum; then, turn off the light switch and unplug.
Give me the SLIDES DO’S AND DON’TS
- Reject slides that are:
▪ imperfectly cleaned
▪ surface scratch or notched edge
▪ frosted appearance - Always handle cleaned slides by the edges.
- Used slides should initially be placed in water
containing a detergent. Then, slides will be cleaned
one by one and transferred to a fresh solution of
detergent. Rinse then dry with a clean cotton cloth - Slides are best stored in a dry place.
- It is recommended that cleaned slides be stored by
10s
Also known as pseudoparasites
- Structures that resemble parasite but in reality are
not
(4)
ARTIFACTS AND CONFUSERS
Disease process
Medications
Dietary habits
Specimen contamination
It is a technique used to measure the size of
microscopic objects
Micrometry
is an essential tool for characterization,
classification, and identification
The size of a parasite:
Give me the principle of micrometer
Calibration of the ocular micrometer using
the stage micrometer
A glass disc with 100 equal divisions or lines on it
but with no absolute value and it is placed in the
ocular of the microscope
Ocular micrometer
are flat glass disk on which a
line scale divided into 100 small division has been
etched
ocular micrometer
Distance between is _______, hence
calibration is a must with the aid of an
instrument known as ___________
unknown - stage micrometer
- Used to calibrate ocular micrometer
- It looks like a microscope slide but has a standard
scale etched into it - The smallest division are 0.1mm in length (0.01 mm
= 10um)
Stage micrometer
The lens that is within the eyepiece of the light microscope is called the:
scanning
low power
high power
ocular
ocular
- The wheel under the stage that adjusts the amount of light is called the:
coarse knob
body tube
stage clip
diaphragm
diaphragm
- To focus a specimen, it is best to start with which objective:
high power
low power
scanning
ocular
scanning
- When using the high power objective, you should not adjust the:
coarse focus
fine focus
diaphragm
stage clips
coarse focus
- The scanning, low, and high power objectives are mounted on the:
revolving nosepiece
stage
body tube
eyepiece
revolving nosepiece
- A microscope has a 4x ocular lens and a 10x objective, what is this microscope’s total magnification?
4x
14x
40x
400x
40X
