Microplastics

Question 1

marine plastics overlaps prey sizes

Answer 1

Laist 1987

Question 2

hydrophobic persistent organic pollutant (POP)

Answer 2

Wright et al 2013

Question 3

collection of marine plastic by fishermen in S. Korea

Answer 3

Cho 2005

Question 4

225m tonnes of plastic produced every year

8% of oil for plastic production

Answer 4

Browne et al 2007

Question 5

8m tonnes plastic enter sea each year

Answer 5

Galloway & Lewis 2016

Question 6

> 90% fulmars found had ingested plastic

> 100,000 marine mammal killed/maimed each year

Answer 6

NOAA

Question 7

80% MP paper published in last 15 years

60% in last 5 years

Answer 7

Ivar do Sul & Costa 2013

Question 8

effect of UVPC on lugworms

Answer 8

Wright et al 2013

Question 9

effect of MP on oysters

Answer 9

Sussarellu et al 2016

Question 10

endocrine disruption

Answer 10

Diamanti-Kandarakis et al 2009

Question 11

PVC shown to release toxic monomers

Answer 11

Marcilla et al 2004

Question 12

monofilament line provides oviposition sites for pelagic inverts

Answer 12

Goldstein et al 2012

Question 13

MPs - a planetary boundary threat?

Answer 13

Galloway & Lewis 2016

Question 14

MP in copepods - foundation species

Answer 14

Desforges et al 2015

will result in consumption of >90 particles per day by adult salmon

Question 15

uptake of MP tissue via ingestion and inspiration of shore crab

Answer 15

Watts et al 2014

using fluorescently labeled polystyrene spheres

Question 16

Trophic transfer of POP into fin whale

Answer 16

Fossi et al 2012

dubious