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PLE reviewer > MicroPara > Flashcards

MicroPara Flashcards

1
Q

HIV protein that promotes CD4 degradation

A

Vpu

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2
Q

HIV protein: expression of viral structural protein

A

Rev

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3
Q

HIV protein: increases viral infectivity, activation of T-cells, downregulates CD-4 MHC class I

A

Nef

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4
Q

HIV protein: increase transport of viral preintegration complex into nucleus

A

Vpr

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5
Q

HIV protein: transactivation

A

Tat

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6
Q

Completely inactivate HIV

A

50% ethanol, 10% house bleach,
0.3% H2O2 - all for 10min at room temp
pH 1.0

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7
Q

Identified on culture on SDA at 25C

A

Dermatophytosis

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8
Q

Psychrophilic 15-20C
Mesophilic 30-37C
Thermophilic 50-60C

Most pathogenic to man?

A

Mesophilic

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9
Q

Cause of Pneumonia

Assoc.with atherosclerotic CAD
Host: Humans only
Dx: Serology
Tx: Macrolides, Tetracycline

A

Chlamydia Pneumoniae

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10
Q

Major cause of death in Rabies

A

Respi paralysis

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11
Q

Layers of Endospore

Outer to Inner

A
  1. Exosporium - fx unclear
  2. Coat - impermeability to antibacterial
  3. Cortex - spore germination, susc. to lysosyme autolysis
  4. Spore wall - peptidoglycan
  5. Core - calcium dipicolinate: heat resistance
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12
Q

Phases of Growth Curve

A
  1. Lag - zero growth
  2. Exponential - constant growth
  3. Max Stationary - zero growth
  4. Decline - negative rate
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13
Q

Medusa head appearance
Comma shaped outgrowth
High dose Cipro

A

Wool-sorter

Inhalational Anthrax

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14
Q

Staph aureus: form pores on WBC, causing cytolysis

A

Panton Valentin Leukocidin

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15
Q

PYR positive
Esculin positive
Can grow in 6.5% NaCl & bile
Subacute Endocarditis

A

Strep Bovis

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16
Q

Negri bodies in Rabies are commonly seen in:

Highest titers:

A

Purkinje cells of Cerebellum
Pyramidal cells of Hippocampus

Submaxillary gland

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17
Q

Groove sign

Multiple Painful Lymphadenopathies

A

Chlamydia trachomatis L1-L3

Lymphogranuloma venereum

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18
Q

Vesicle on posterior pharyngeal wall, Herpangina, Coxsackie A characteristics

A 
Single stranded RNA
Positive
Icosahedral
Nonenvelopes
Nonsegmented
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19
Q

Regan lowe medium

A

Bordatella (contains charcoal, blood and antibiotic)

Has replaced Bordet Gengou

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20
Q

Exposure to bird feces or bat guano in caves

Mimicker of TB along with
Paragonimiasis

A

Histoplasmosis

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21
Q

Exotoxin inactivates EF-2 which is involved in Protein Synthesis

A

Diphtheria

Production of toxin in culture is inhibited by iron in medium

Pseudomonas produces a similar toxin

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22
Q

Virus with fiber projecting from Penton bases

A

Adenoviruses

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23
Q

HIV entry into macrophages by binding of gp120 to

A

CCR5 (Chemokine receptor for Macrophage trophic strains of HIV)

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24
Q

Chemokine receptor for Lymphocyte trophic strains of HIV

A

CXCR4

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25
Q

Fusion peptide of HIV

A

gp41

p7 - nucleocapsid
p17 - mayrix protein

26
Q

Reverse transcriptase is found in Retroviridae and:

A

Hepadna

27
Q

Heat-stable exotoxin

A

Staph aureus exotoxin

28
Q

Naked DNA viruses

A

PAPP

Parvo
Adeno
Papilloma
Polyoma

29
Q

Naked RNA viruses

A

CPR

Calici
Picorna
Reo

30
Q

Envelope of Herpesvirus is derived from

A

Nuclear membrane

31
Q

Enveloped virus are more heat- ?

A

More heat labile

More sensitive to ether solubilization

32
Q

Occurs after 2-12 weeks ff exposure to cercariae

A

Katayama fever - Schistosoma Japonicum
IH: Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi
Adults reside in sup&inf mesenteric veins of SI

vs

S. mansoni - IMV of LI

33
Q 
Multiple ring enhancing lesions
Crescent cells
Tachyzoites initially
Penetrate nerve cells & eye
Multiply as bradyzoites to form cysts
A

Toxoplasmosis

34
Q

Acquire virulence by intro of foreign genetic material via bacteriophage infection

A

Transduction

35
Q

Lobar Pneumonia (consolidation with air bronchigram, involve multiple lung segments)

A

Strep Pneumo

Klebsiella

36
Q

Bronchopneumonia (patchy infiltrates without air bronchogram)

A

Staph Aureus
Strep Pyogenes
Pseudomonas
Anaerobes

37
Q

Interstitial Pneumonia

A

Mycoplasma

Most viruses

38
Q

DOC for N. gonorrhea

A

Ceftriaxone

+ Doxy for coinfection w/Chlamydia

39
Q

Methylene blue: Babes Ernst metachromatic granules

A

Corynebacterium

40
Q

Systemic mycoses
Southwestern USA
fever & cough

A

Coccidiodomycosis

Double-walled spherule with endospores

41
Q

Transpulmonary stage

A

Ascaris
Ancylostoma
Strongyloides
Wuchereria

42
Q

Influenza component: cleaves Sialic acid to release progeny virus from infected cell

A

Neuraminidase

43
Q

Influenza component: binds cell surface receptors to initiate infection

A

Hemagglutinin

44
Q

Capsular Swelling Test

A

Quellung (+) if encapsulated

Asplenic patients at risk

45
Q

Most infectious stage in Tuspirina

A

Bordatella Pertussis

Catarrhal stage (1-2 wks after infection) - Highest Bacteremia

Rhinorrhea, Fever, Anorexia, Malaise

46
Q

Complement deficiency predisposes to Pyogenic Infections

A

C3 deficiency

47
Q

Confirmatory test for HIV

A

Western blot - Color reaction shows AB in serum after reacting to viral proteins displayed by acrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred to nitrocellulose

Northern - RNA
Southern - DNA

48
Q

Virulence factor of M. TB: inhibits fusion of lysosomes with bacilli-containing phagosomes within macrophage

A

Sulfatide, promotes intracellular survival

49
Q

Prevents leukocyte migration,

Glycolipid molecule that influence the long and slender form. of M. TB

A

Cord factor

50
Q

Enzyme for bacterial invasion to facilitate spread through subcu tissue

A

Collagenase or Hyaluronidase

Others
IgA protease - adherence to mucous mem
Leukocidin - destroys neutrophils & macro
Coagulase - accelerates fibrin clot

51
Q

Relapsing fever

A 
Borrelia - Relapsing fever
as
Legionella - Pontiac
Japonicum - Katayama
R. ricketsii - Rocky Mountain Spotted
Coxiella - Q fever
52
Q

Hand, Foot, Mouth Disease is caused by Coxsackie A16 or -

A

Enterovirus 71

53
Q

DOC for Strongyloides. Ivermectin or -

A

Thiabendazole

54
Q

Antigen used in RPR

A

Cardiolipin

55
Q

Most specific antibody diagnosis for SLE

A

Anti-Sm

56
Q

Acquired by eating raw snails

A

Echinostoma ilocanum

57
Q

AntiPseudomonal drugs

A

Ceftazidime

58
Q

Chancroid

A

Chancroid - Haemophilus Ducreyi
Chancre - Primary Syphilis
Condyloma Lata - Secondary Syphilis
Condyloma Acuminata - HPV

59
Q

Gram neg rod

Skin and bone infections assoc with human bites & clenched fist injuries

A

Eikenella corrodens

60
Q

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

A

JC Polyoma Virus

immunocompromised
demyelinating disorder of brain sparing SC and optic nerve

homonymous hemianopsia
mental impairment
ataxia

61
Q

Diffuse Alveolar and Interstitial Pattern in Immunicompromised

A

PCP

PLE reviewer (3 decks)

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