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microbes science > microorgansms > Flashcards

microorgansms Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

microorganisms are also called

A

microbes

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2
Q

water and soil are full of

A

microorganisms

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3
Q

microorganisms cant be seen with a

A

naked eye

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4
Q

microorganisms are classified into

A

bacteria,fungi,algae and protozoa

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5
Q

what can the only reproduce inside the cells of the host organism

A

viruses

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6
Q

flu is caused by

A

viruses

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7
Q

Tuberculosis is a

A

Bacteria

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8
Q

how is TB spread

A

Air

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9
Q

Chicken Pox is a

A

Virus

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10
Q

how is chicken pox spread

A

Air/Contact

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11
Q

Measles is a

A

Virus

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12
Q

how is measles spread

A

Air

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13
Q

polio is a

A

Virus

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14
Q

how is Polio spread

A

Air/Water

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15
Q

Cholera is a

A

Bacteria

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16
Q

how is Cholera spread

A

Water/Food

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17
Q

Typhoid is a

A

Bacteria

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18
Q

how is typhoid spread

A

Water

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19
Q

Hepatitis A is a

A

Virus

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20
Q

how is hepatitis A spread

A

Water

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21
Q

Malaria is a

A

Protozoa

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22
Q

how is malaria spread

A

Mosquito

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23
Q

the grayish white patches on a bread is called as

A

bread mould

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24
Q

what is the medicine which stops or kills the growth of bacteria

A

antibiotic

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25
Q

who invented the first antibiotic

A

Alexander Fleming

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26
Q

what was the first antibiotic named

A

penicillin

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27
Q

who discovered pasteurization

A

Louis Pasteur

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28
Q

when did Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin

A

1929

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29
Q

who discovered fermentation

A

louis Pasteur

30
Q

when was fermentation discovered

A

1857

31
Q

what are the commonly known antibiotics known to fight fungi and bacteria

A

Streptomycin, tetracycline and erythromycin

32
Q

what is used for the production of alcohol and wine

A

yeast

33
Q

where is yeast grown

A

natural sugars present in grains

34
Q

single celled microbes

are

A

are bacteria,some algae and protozoa

35
Q

multi celled microbes are

A

fungi and many algae

36
Q

which bacteria found in curd

A

Lactobacillus

37
Q

what are useful for fermentation

A

bacteria and yeast

38
Q

conversion of sugar into alcohol is known as

A

fermentation

39
Q

what air does yeast produce during respiration

A

carbon dioxide

40
Q

how does vaccine help us

A

if dead of weak microbes are injected through vaccine your body memorizes it so it can produce the immunizes to fight against it again

41
Q

what diseases can a vaccine fight

A

cholera,tuberculosis,small pox and hepatittis

42
Q

what are the drps given to children to prevent polio

A

polio drops given to children are vaccine

43
Q

what are biological nitrogen fixers

A

bacteria fix the atmosphere to give soil the nitrogen and fertility

44
Q

why do decaying plants and animals disappear after

some time

A

microorganisms
decompose dead organic waste of plants
and animals

45
Q

what type of substance is received after decomposition

A

simple substances

46
Q

what are disease causing microorganisms called

A

pathogens

47
Q

the disease that can be spread through air and contact are called

A

communicable diseases

48
Q

disease that spread through air

A

cholera, common cold, chickenpox and tuberculosis.

49
Q

what is the parasite of malaria called

A

plasmodium

50
Q

what insect carries plasmodium

A

female anopheles mosquito

51
Q

which carrier of dengue virus

A

female aedes mosquito

52
Q

anthrax is a

A

bacteria

53
Q

foot and mouth disease of cattle is caused by

A

virus

54
Q

who discovered bacterium which causes anthrax disease

A

robert Köch

55
Q

Citrus canker is a

A

Bacteria

56
Q

how is citrus canker spread

A

Air

57
Q

rust of wheat is a

A

fungi

58
Q

how is rust of wheat spread

A

Air,seeds

59
Q

yellow vein mosaic of okra is a

A

virus

60
Q

how is yellow vein mosaic spread

A

insect

61
Q

what is food poisoning

A

intake of food spoilt by organisms

62
Q

why do we add preservatives

A

to prevent the attack of microbes

63
Q

what are some common chemical preservatives

A

sodium benzoate and sodium metabisulphate

64
Q

what is the process of pasteurization

A

heating the milk to 70 degrees and then chilled prevents the growth of microorganisms

65
Q

meat and fish are covered with dry salt to

A

check the growth of bacteria

66
Q

what is nitrogen fixation

A

conversion of nitrogen into useful compounds

67
Q

role of nitrogen in plants are

A

synthesis of proteins
formation of chlorophyll
constituent of nucleic acid and vitamins

68
Q

examples of biological nitrogen fixers

A

blue green algae and rhizobium

69
Q

foot and mouth disease in animals is a

A

virus

70
Q

what turns fixed nitrogen into nitrogenous compounds

A

bacteria

microbes science (2 decks)

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