MICROORGANISMS : FRIEND AND FOE

Question 1

Living organisms which we normally cannot see are called

Answer 1

Microorganisms or Microbes

Question 2

Microorganisms are classified into how many groups?

Answer 2

Four

Question 3

Name the 4 major groups microorganisms are classified into

Answer 3

Bacteria, fungi, protozoa and algae

Question 4

Microorganisms that can reproduce or multiply only inside the cells of the host organism are called

Answer 4

Virus

Question 5

Diseases like cold, influenza, polio and chicken pox are also caused by?

Answer 5

Virus

Question 6

Diseases like dysentery and malaria are caused by?

Answer 6

Protozoa

Question 7

Diseases like typhoid and tuberculosis (TB) are caused by?

Answer 7

Bacteria

Question 8

State True or False

Many microorganisms are used in the preparation of curd, bread and cake

Answer 8

True

Question 9

In agriculture microorganisms are used to increase soil __________

Answer 9

Fertility

Question 10

Which bacteria promotes the formation of curd?

Answer 10

Lactobacillus

Question 11

This process of conversion of sugar into alcohol is known as?

Answer 11

Fermentation

Question 12

Who discovered fermentation?

Answer 12

Louis Pasteur (Pronounced Looi Paas-tuh)

Question 13

Which type of medicines are derived from microorganisms?

Answer 13

Antibiotics

Question 14

Examples of commonly known antibiotics

Answer 14

Streptomycin, tetracycline, penicillin and erythromycin

Question 15

Who discovered penicillin (a medicine)?

Answer 15

Alexander Fleming

Question 16

Who discovered the vaccine for smallpox?

Answer 16

Edward Jenner

Question 17

State True or False

Several diseases, including cholera, tuberculosis, smallpox and hepatitis can be prevented by vaccination.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

When a disease-carrying microbe enters our body, the body produces __________

Answer 18

Antibodies

Question 19

Bacteria that can fix nitrogen from the atmosphere are called

Answer 19

Biological Nitrogen Fixers

Question 20

Disease-causing microorganisms are called

Answer 20

Pathogens

Question 21

Microbial diseases that can spread from one person to another are called?

Answer 21

Communicable Diseases

Question 22

Salts and edible oils are the common chemicals generally used to check the growth of microorganisms. Therefore they are called ___________

Answer 22

Preservatives

Question 23

Two of the most commonly used preservatives in food are

Answer 23

Sodium benzoate and sodium metabisulphite