Microorganisms: Friend and Foe Flashcards
Microorganisms definition
Tiny living organisms that can be seen through magnifying glass or microscope
What can’t be seen with unaided eyes
Microorganisms or Microbes
Microorganisms are classified in to ________ groups.
4
What are the 4 group names of Microorganisms
Bacteria, Fungi, Protozoa & Algae
________ are microscopic but are different from microorganisms
Viruses
How do Viruses reproduce
They reproduce inside the cell of host organism (which could be a bacterium, plant or animal)
Single-celled microorganisms
BACTERIA, PROTOZOA
Name some Multicellular microorganisms
ALGAE, FUNGI
Some microorganisms are ______ and some are _______
Beneficial, Harmful
Uses of microorganisms
Preparation of curd and bread
Production of alcohol
Cleaning the environment
Preparation of medicines from Bacteria and Fungi
In agriculture, it is used for soil fertility by fixing nitrogen
Making of Curd
Curd contains a bacterium which is called Lactobacillus which promotes curd. It multiplies in milk and converts it into curd
Making of Bread
Yeast reproduces rapidly and produces carbon dioxide during respiration. Bubbles of gas fill the dough and increase its volume. This is the basis of yeast in baking industries for making bread, pastries and cakes.
What is used as commercial production of alcohol and wine?
Yeast
What are antibiotics?
protective proteins produced by immune system in response to foreign substances such as bacteria or other toxins
Sugar added with _______ gives Alcohol
Yeast
What is fermentation
The process of conversion of sugar into alcohol is known as fermentation.
_________ discovered fermentation in the year _________.
Louis Pasteur, 1857
Commonly known antibiotics are _________, __________ & _________.
Streptomycin, Erythromycin & Tetracycline
Precautions taken for antibiotics
Antibiotics should be taken only on the advice of a qualified doctor.
We have to complete the full course prescribed by the doctor.
If you take Antibiotics in wrong dosage or when not needed it may became less effective when you may need it in future
Define Vaccine
Dead or weakened microbes of disease causing microbes
How do vaccines work?
Vaccines are dead or weakened microbes of disease-causing microbes. When it enters our body our immune system produces protective proteins called antibodies. These Antibodies stay in our body and we are protected from the disease-causing microbes forever.
Name the diseases prevented by vaccines
Flu, cholera, tuberculosis, smallpox, chickenpox
