microorganisms

Question 1

pathogenic microorganisms

Answer 1

causing or capable of causing disease

Question 2

commensal microorganisms

Answer 2

one species benefits while the other is not harmed or helped in any significant way

Question 3

mutualistic microorganisms

Answer 3

ecological interaction between two species where they both benefit

Question 4

uses of microorganisms

Answer 4

• chemical recycling (e.g. N2 fixing organisms, cyanobacteria, fungal degradation of waste)
• biotechnology (e.g. dairy products, fermentation of alcohol, enzymes like taq, medicine like antibiotics)

Question 5

prokaryote examples

Answer 5

• bacteria
• archaea

Question 6

eukaryote examples

Answer 6

• fungi
• algae
• protozoa

Question 7

subcellular (not really organisms) examples

Answer 7

• viruses
• viroids
• prions

Question 8

eukaryote basic

Answer 8

• an organism with a complex cell or cells.
• genetic material is organised into a membrane-bound nucleus or nuclei.

Question 9

prokaryotes

Answer 9

• are organisms without a cell nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelles.
• in most cases unicellular (in rare cases, multicellular).

Question 11

eukaryote detail

Answer 11

• Eukaryotes comprise animals, plants, fungi, protozoa.
• Mostly multicellular—as well as various other groups that are collectively classified as protists.
• In contrast, prokaryotes are organisms, such as bacteria and archaea.
• Eukaryotic cells are generally much larger than prokaryotes:
• a variety of internal membranes and structures organelles
• cytoskeleton composed of microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments (for organisation and shape)

Question 12

prokaryote detail

Answer 12

• Prokaryotes thrive almost everywhere, including places too acidic, salty, cold or hot for most other organisms.
• Due to their ability to adapt to diverse habitats, prokaryotes are the most abundant organisms on Earth.
• Prokaryotes are divided into two domains: bacteria and archaea

Question 13

most common prokaryote shapes

Answer 13

• coccoid / coccus / cocci (sphericalish)
• bacillus / bacilli (rod shaped)
• spirochete (spiral ish)

Question 14

bacterial taxonomy

Answer 14

usually only use genus and species and NO kingdom
- life
- domain
- phylum
- class
- order
- family
- genus
- species
* (some) subspecies - serotypes / serovars - strains