Microorganisms Flashcards
What makes up an Animal Virus Structure?
Capsid
DNA
What makes up a bacteriophage Structure?
Head
DNA
Neck
Tail sheath
End plate
Pins
Tail fibres
What organelles does a eukaryotic cell have?
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Nucleus
Lysosomes
Pili/fimraei
Chloroplast (in plants)
What makes bacteria gram positive?
Presence of peptidoglycan on the surface of cell wall that retain dye
What is the difference between the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Rough synthetics proteins
Smooth synthesises lipids and steroids
What diseases are caused by exotoxins?
Botulism
Tetanus
Diphtheria
Scalded skin syndrome
Cholera
Travelers diarrhea
Anthrax
Gas gangrene and food poisoning
Antibiotic-associated diarrhea
Food poisoning
Toxic-shock syndrome
What is botulism?
Neurotoxin that prevents the transmission of nerve impulses resulting in flaccid paralysis
What is Tetanus?
Neurotoxin blocks nerve impulses to muscle relaxation pathway resulting in uncontrollable muscle contractions
What is diphtheria?
Cytotoxin inhibits protein synthesis, especially in nerve heart and kidney cells
What is scalded skin syndrome?
Exotoxin causes skin layers to separate and Slough off
What is cholera?
Enterotoxin that causes secretion and electrolytes that results in diarrhea
What is travelers diarrhea?
Enterotoxin that causes excretion of large amounts of fluids and electrolytes that result in diarrhea
What is anthrax?
Causes shock and reduced immune response
What is gas gangrene and food poisoning?
Causes mass red blood cell destruction or another type causes food poisoning symptoms such as diarrhoea
What is antibiotic-associated diarrhea?
Enterotoxin that causes secretion of fluids and electrolytes that results in diarrhea
