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Microorganism Flashcards

1
Q

State what an anti fungal chemical does

A

Treats and kills fungal infections

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2
Q

Explain how you’d know which antibiotic to perscribe a patient

A

The largest inhibition zone of the antibiotic disk

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3
Q

Explain what an inhibition zone is

A

The inhibition site is the area of cleared space by antibiotics

No bacterial growth on a antibiotic disk

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4
Q

State two things antibiotics could do to pathogenic bacteria

A

Stop the reproducing

Kill them

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5
Q

Name the type of microorganism that antibiotics are successful against

A

Bacteria

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6
Q

Explain why you should wash your hands often

A

To help kill and get rid of harmful bacteria and to stop spreading them

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7
Q

State several ways human spread illness

A

Breathing infected air/coughing

Touching infected surfaces

Touch

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8
Q

Name a couple pathogenic microorganisms and the disease they cause

A

Verticillium- decays and destroys plants and animals, not humans

Simplex virus- sexually transmitted disease which has scab like symptoms

Chlamydia- sexually transmitted disease causes discharge and infertility

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9
Q

State what a pathogenic microorganism is

A

A harmful microorganism

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10
Q

State what a microorganism is

A

Microorganism are very small living things

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11
Q

State advantages and disadvantages of DNA testing

A

Advantage-
Easy to find criminals
Relation finding
Finding disease and illness

Disadvantage-
Experimental use without consent
Finding disease and illness

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12
Q

State what a DNA profile is

A

DNA profiling is the process where a specific DNA pattern is obtained from a persons dna

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13
Q

State what a pathogenic microorganism is

A

A harmful microorganism

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14
Q

Explain why it is good scientific practice to do the test multiple times

A

To get and average as results may vary

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15
Q

Explain why you should never open a Petri dish containing microorganism

A

Pathogens could escape

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16
Q

Name a specialised cell, it’s particular functions and the specialised adaptation which makes it good at its job

A

Nerve cell

Very long with many connections

Passes information through the body quickly

17
Q

State the meaning of a specialised cell

A

Specialised cells are cells which have adapted themselves to do their job for efficiently

18
Q

Name the structure sfound in plant cells

A 
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Cell wall
Vacuole
Chloroplast
19
Q

Name the structures found in animal cells

A

Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus

20
Q

State whether everyone has the same or different combinations of DNA

A

Different apart from identical twins

21
Q

Use the words “genetic code” to explain why two organisms can have differences in one characteristic, eg one person has freckles and another does not

A

Your genetic code is different/has a different pattern

22
Q

Describe some characteristics a human may have

A

Freckles, tall, short, brown eyes

23
Q

State what a gene contains

A

DNA (genetic code)

24
Q

State the meaning of a gene

A

A gene is a piece of DNA which gives an individual a specific characteristic

25
Q

Name the conditions microorganisms need to live

A

Food
Water
Warmth

26
Q

Name three types of microorganism

A

Fungus
Virus
Bacterium

27
Q

Describe what an experiment control is

A

An experiment control is what is compared to the changed thing to see the difference

28
Q

Name the molecule that controls all the cell activities in the nucleus

A

DNA

29
Q

Compare the quantity of genetic material in gametes and zygotes

A

Gamete: 50% genetic info each
23 chromosomes

Zygote: 100% genetic info
46 chromosomes

30
Q

Name a specialised plant cell, it’s particular function and it a specialised adaptation

A

Root hair cell

Has long bits sticking out to collect water from soil

31
Q

Name a disease that has been eradicated from the world

A

Smalpox

32
Q

Explain how vaccinations work

A

Vaccinations give a small part of the infection so antibodies know how to kill them.

33
Q

State why we provide vaccinations

A

To allow antibodies to remember them, so they can kill the pathogen

34
Q

Describe how antibodies help the second line of defence

A

The change shape to attach to them, and remember them for if they return so they can kill the quicker

35
Q

Describe to process phagocytosis

A

White bloood cells spot, surround and absorb the pathogen

36
Q

State an organisms first and second line of defence

A

Skin

White blood cells

37
Q

State what a dependant and independent variable is

A

Dependant: the one you can’t predict and gives varying results

Independent: the one you control and can predict

38
Q

Name parts of the first line of defence

A 
Eyes
Nose
Mouth
Skin
Stomach
Respiratory system
Anus
Aretha

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