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Micronutrient Deficiencies > Micronutrients > Flashcards

Micronutrients Flashcards

1
Q

Signs of Vitamin A deficiency

A

Night blindness

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2
Q

Signs of Vitamin A deficiency

A

Bitot spots on Conjunctiva

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3
Q

Signs of Vitamin A deficiency

A

Hyperkeratosis (dry, scaly skin)

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4
Q

RDA for Vitamin A

A

Males: 900mcg
Females: 700mcg

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5
Q

Food sources of Vitamin A

A

Highest: liver, fish, eggs, dairy
Leafy green veggies
Orange/yellow veggies

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6
Q

Signs of Vitamin D deficiency

A

Rickets (affects children; imperfect calcification, softening & calcification of bones
Typically involves bowing of the legs

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7
Q

Signs of Vitamin D deficiency

A

Osteomalacia- Softening of the bones

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8
Q

RDA for Vitamin D

A

(14-70): Males: 15mcg
Females: 15 mcg
(>70): Males: 20mcg
Females: 20mcg

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9
Q

Sources of Vitamin D

A

Sun exposure
Fortified dairy

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10
Q

Signs of Vitamin E deficiency

A

Hemolytic anemia- Excessive red blood cell destruction

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11
Q

RDA for Vitamin E

A

Male: 15mg
Female: 15mg

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12
Q

Sources of Vitamin E

A

Best source= vegetable oil
Green leafy veggies
Fortified cereals

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13
Q

Signs of Vitamin K deficiency

A

Hemorrhages- Ruptured blood vessels

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14
Q

AL for Vitamin K

A

Males: 120mcg
Female: 90mcg

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15
Q

Sources of vitamin K

A

Spinach
Broccoli
Lettuce
Soybean/Canola oil

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16
Q

Signs of Thiamin deficiency

A

Berberi- Tingling/numbness in hands/feet, memory loss & poor reflexes
Muscle weakness
Foot drop
Memory loss
Tachycardia- Rapid heartbeat

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17
Q

RDA for thiamin

A

Males: 1.2mg
Females: 1.1mg

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18
Q

Sources of thiamin

A

Fortified cereals & breads
Pork

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19
Q

Signs of Riboflavin deficiency (rare)

A

Growth failure
Cheliosis- Inflammation/small cracks in 1 or both corners of mouth
Magenta tongue

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20
Q

RDA for riboflavin

A

Males: 1.3mg
Females: 1.1mg

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21
Q

Sources of riboflavin

A

Fortified milk
Bread
Eggs
Liver

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22
Q

Signs of Niacin deficiency

A

Pellagra (4 ds): Dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, death
Beefy, bright red tongue
Rash in sunlight

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23
Q

RDA for niacin

A

Men:16mg
Female: 14mg

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24
Q

Sources of niacin

A

Found in a variety of foods
Poultry
Fish
Nuts
Legumes

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25
Q

Signs of Pantothenic acid deficiency

A

Paresthesia in feet- Tingling/pricking caused by possible damage to peripheral nerves

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26
Q

AI for pantothenic acid

A

Males: 5mg
Females: 5mg

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27
Q

Sources of pantothenic acid

A

Almost all plant + animal based foods
beef
chicken
whole grains

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28
Q

Signs of pyridoxine deficiency

A

Seizures
Anemia
Dermatitis
Glossitis
Peripheral neuropathy

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29
Q

RDA for pyridoxine

A

Males: 1.3 mg
Females: 1.3 mg
(51+)
Males:1.7mg
Females:1.5mg

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30
Q

sources of Pyridoxine

A

Fish
Organ meat
Potatoes

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31
Q

Signs of Biotin deficiency

A

Dermatitis
Glossitis
Muscle pain/myalgia

32
Q

AI biotin

A

Men: 30mcg
Female: 30mcg

33
Q

Sources of biotin

A

Organ meat
Eggs
Fish
Nuts

34
Q

Signs of Folate deficiency

A

Megaloblastic microcytic anemia
Diarrhea
Fatigue

35
Q

RDA Folate

A

Male:400mcg
Females:400mcg

36
Q

Sources of folate

A

Dark green veggies
Fruit
Eggs
Seafood

37
Q

Signs of Cyanocobalamin deficiency (B12)

A

Megaloblastic microcytic anemia
Pernicious anemia (B12 anemia)

Memory loss in elderly

38
Q

Signs of Vitamin C deficiency (ascorbic acid)

A

Scurvy- swollen, bleeding gums
Poor wound healing
Petechiae

39
Q

RDA for Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)

A

Males:90mg
Females:75mg

40
Q

Sources of vitamin C (ascorbic acid)

A

Citrus
Tomatoes
Potatoes

Fruits & veggies

41
Q

Signs of Calcium deficiency

A

Tatany- intermittent muscular spasm

42
Q

RDA For calcium

A

Male: 1000mg
Females:1000mg
(>70)
Male: 1200mg
Female:1200mg

43
Q

Sources of calcium

A

Dairy
Sardines/salmon w bones
Kale/broccoli

44
Q

Signs of phosphorous deficiency (rare)

A

Decreased growth & appetite
Decreased fertility
Rickets- Bones become weak & bowed

45
Q

RDA for phosphorous

A

Male:700mg
Female:700mg

46
Q

Sources of phosphorous

A

Dairy
Meat
Legumes
Grains

47
Q

Sources of phosphorous

A

Dairy
Meat
Legumes
Grains

48
Q

Signs of Iron deficiency

A

Pale tongue
Anemia
Fatigue
Spoon shaped nails
Pale conjuctivae

49
Q

RDA for iron

A

Males: 8 mg
Females (19-50): 18mg
Females(50+):8mg

50
Q

Sources of iron

A

Heme-animal
Nonheme-
nuts
Beans
Veggies

51
Q

Signs of Magnesium deficiency (rare)

A

Tremors

52
Q

RDA for magnesium

A

Male: 400mg
Female (19-30): 310mg
(31+): 320mg

53
Q

Sources of magnesium

A

Fiber containing foods
Water
Plants & animals

54
Q

Signs of Zinc deficiency

A

Reduced immune function
Poor wound healing
Alopecia
Hypogeusia- reduced ability to taste

55
Q

RDA for zinc

A

Male: 11mg
Females: 8mg

56
Q

Sources of zinc

A

Meat
Fish
Seafood

57
Q

Signs of Iodine deficiency

A

Goiter- Thyroid gland grows larger than normal

58
Q

RDA for Iodine

A

Males: 150mcg
Females:150mcg

59
Q

Sources of iodine

A

Seafood
Fish
Eggs

60
Q

Signs of Flouride deficiency

A

Dental caries- Tooth decay

61
Q

RDA fluoride

A

Male: 4mcg
Female: 3 mcg

62
Q

Sources of fluoride

A

toothpaste
Brewed teas distilled water

63
Q

Signs of Copper deficiency

A

Wilsons disease- Damage to the kidneys, leading to stones & an abnormal number of AA being excreted( Creates a grey rim around eye, does not affect vision)
Menkes kinky hair- Abnormal hair that is often brittle, tangled, sparse, steely or kinky & is often white, ivory or grey in color
Microcytic anemia- RARE

64
Q

RDA for copper

A

Male: 900mcg
Female: 900mcg

65
Q

Sources of copper

A

Shellfish
Seeds/nuts
Organ meats
Whole grain products

66
Q

Signs of Selenium deficiency

A

Muscle pain/myalagia
Cardiac myopathy- difficult for heart to pump blood to the rest of the body

67
Q

Selenium RDA

A

Male: 55mcg
Female: 55mcg

68
Q

Sources of selenium

A

Brazil nuts
Seafoods
Organ meats

69
Q

Signs of Manganese deficiency (unlikely)

A

NOT SEEN IN HUMANS

70
Q

AI for manganese

A

Males: 2.3 mg
Females: 1.8mg

71
Q

Sources of manganese

A

Wide variety of sources
Whole grains
Oysters
Soybeans
Rice

72
Q

Signs of Chromium deficiency

A

Insulin resistance

73
Q

AI Chromium

A

(19-50)
Males: 35 mcg
females: 25mcg
(51+)
Males: 30mcg
Females: 20mcg

74
Q

Sources if Chromium

A

Meat
Grains
Veggies

Amount available varies depending on local soil + H2O conditions

75
Q

Signs of Cobalt deficiency

A

Megaloblastic macroctyic anemia
Pernicious anemia

76
Q

Recommended intake of cobalt

A

5-8mcg

77
Q

Sources of cobalt

A

Red meat
Milk
Fish

Micronutrient Deficiencies (2 decks)

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