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Micronutrient Deficiencies > Micronutrients > Flashcards

Micronutrients Flashcards

1
Q

Signs of Vitamin A deficiency

A

Night blindness

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2
Q

Signs of Vitamin A deficiency

A

Bitot spots on Conjunctiva

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3
Q

Signs of Vitamin A deficiency

A

Hyperkeratosis (dry, scaly skin)

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4
Q

RDA for Vitamin A

A

Males: 900mcg
Females: 700mcg

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5
Q

Food sources of Vitamin A

A

Highest: liver, fish, eggs, dairy
Leafy green veggies
Orange/yellow veggies

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6
Q

Signs of Vitamin D deficiency

A

Rickets (affects children; imperfect calcification, softening & calcification of bones
Typically involves bowing of the legs

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7
Q

Signs of Vitamin D deficiency

A

Osteomalacia- Softening of the bones

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8
Q

RDA for Vitamin D

A

(14-70): Males: 15mcg
Females: 15 mcg
(>70): Males: 20mcg
Females: 20mcg

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9
Q

Sources of Vitamin D

A

Sun exposure
Fortified dairy

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10
Q

Signs of Vitamin E deficiency

A

Hemolytic anemia- Excessive red blood cell destruction

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11
Q

RDA for Vitamin E

A

Male: 15mg
Female: 15mg

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12
Q

Sources of Vitamin E

A

Best source= vegetable oil
Green leafy veggies
Fortified cereals

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13
Q

Signs of Vitamin K deficiency

A

Hemorrhages- Ruptured blood vessels

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14
Q

AL for Vitamin K

A

Males: 120mcg
Female: 90mcg

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15
Q

Sources of vitamin K

A

Spinach
Broccoli
Lettuce
Soybean/Canola oil

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16
Q

Signs of Thiamin deficiency

A

Berberi- Tingling/numbness in hands/feet, memory loss & poor reflexes
Muscle weakness
Foot drop
Memory loss
Tachycardia- Rapid heartbeat

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17
Q

RDA for thiamin

A

Males: 1.2mg
Females: 1.1mg

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18
Q

Sources of thiamin

A

Fortified cereals & breads
Pork

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19
Q

Signs of Riboflavin deficiency (rare)

A

Growth failure
Cheliosis- Inflammation/small cracks in 1 or both corners of mouth
Magenta tongue

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20
Q

RDA for riboflavin

A

Males: 1.3mg
Females: 1.1mg

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21
Q

Sources of riboflavin

A

Fortified milk
Bread
Eggs
Liver

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22
Q

Signs of Niacin deficiency

A

Pellagra (4 ds): Dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, death
Beefy, bright red tongue
Rash in sunlight

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23
Q

RDA for niacin

A

Men:16mg
Female: 14mg

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24
Q

Sources of niacin

A

Found in a variety of foods
Poultry
Fish
Nuts
Legumes

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25
Signs of Pantothenic acid deficiency
Paresthesia in feet- Tingling/pricking caused by possible damage to peripheral nerves
26
AI for pantothenic acid
Males: 5mg Females: 5mg
27
Sources of pantothenic acid
Almost all plant + animal based foods beef chicken whole grains
28
Signs of pyridoxine deficiency
Seizures Anemia Dermatitis Glossitis Peripheral neuropathy
29
RDA for pyridoxine
Males: 1.3 mg Females: 1.3 mg (51+) Males:1.7mg Females:1.5mg
30
sources of Pyridoxine
Fish Organ meat Potatoes
31
Signs of Biotin deficiency
Dermatitis Glossitis Muscle pain/myalgia
32
AI biotin
Men: 30mcg Female: 30mcg
33
Sources of biotin
Organ meat Eggs Fish Nuts
34
Signs of Folate deficiency
Megaloblastic microcytic anemia Diarrhea Fatigue
35
RDA Folate
Male:400mcg Females:400mcg
36
Sources of folate
Dark green veggies Fruit Eggs Seafood
37
Signs of Cyanocobalamin deficiency (B12)
Megaloblastic microcytic anemia Pernicious anemia (B12 anemia) Memory loss in elderly
38
Signs of Vitamin C deficiency (ascorbic acid)
Scurvy- swollen, bleeding gums Poor wound healing Petechiae
39
RDA for Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)
Males:90mg Females:75mg
40
Sources of vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
Citrus Tomatoes Potatoes Fruits & veggies
41
Signs of Calcium deficiency
Tatany- intermittent muscular spasm
42
RDA For calcium
Male: 1000mg Females:1000mg (>70) Male: 1200mg Female:1200mg
43
Sources of calcium
Dairy Sardines/salmon w bones Kale/broccoli
44
Signs of phosphorous deficiency (rare)
Decreased growth & appetite Decreased fertility Rickets- Bones become weak & bowed
45
RDA for phosphorous
Male:700mg Female:700mg
46
Sources of phosphorous
Dairy Meat Legumes Grains
47
Sources of phosphorous
Dairy Meat Legumes Grains
48
Signs of Iron deficiency
Pale tongue Anemia Fatigue Spoon shaped nails Pale conjuctivae
49
RDA for iron
Males: 8 mg Females (19-50): 18mg Females(50+):8mg
50
Sources of iron
Heme-animal Nonheme- nuts Beans Veggies
51
Signs of Magnesium deficiency (rare)
Tremors
52
RDA for magnesium
Male: 400mg Female (19-30): 310mg (31+): 320mg
53
Sources of magnesium
Fiber containing foods Water Plants & animals
54
Signs of Zinc deficiency
Reduced immune function Poor wound healing Alopecia Hypogeusia- reduced ability to taste
55
RDA for zinc
Male: 11mg Females: 8mg
56
Sources of zinc
Meat Fish Seafood
57
Signs of Iodine deficiency
Goiter- Thyroid gland grows larger than normal
58
RDA for Iodine
Males: 150mcg Females:150mcg
59
Sources of iodine
Seafood Fish Eggs
60
Signs of Flouride deficiency
Dental caries- Tooth decay
61
RDA fluoride
Male: 4mcg Female: 3 mcg
62
Sources of fluoride
toothpaste Brewed teas distilled water
63
Signs of Copper deficiency
Wilsons disease- Damage to the kidneys, leading to stones & an abnormal number of AA being excreted( Creates a grey rim around eye, does not affect vision) Menkes kinky hair- Abnormal hair that is often brittle, tangled, sparse, steely or kinky & is often white, ivory or grey in color Microcytic anemia- RARE
64
RDA for copper
Male: 900mcg Female: 900mcg
65
Sources of copper
Shellfish Seeds/nuts Organ meats Whole grain products
66
Signs of Selenium deficiency
Muscle pain/myalagia Cardiac myopathy- difficult for heart to pump blood to the rest of the body
67
Selenium RDA
Male: 55mcg Female: 55mcg
68
Sources of selenium
Brazil nuts Seafoods Organ meats
69
Signs of Manganese deficiency (unlikely)
NOT SEEN IN HUMANS
70
AI for manganese
Males: 2.3 mg Females: 1.8mg
71
Sources of manganese
Wide variety of sources Whole grains Oysters Soybeans Rice
72
Signs of Chromium deficiency
Insulin resistance
73
AI Chromium
(19-50) Males: 35 mcg females: 25mcg (51+) Males: 30mcg Females: 20mcg
74
Sources if Chromium
Meat Grains Veggies Amount available varies depending on local soil + H2O conditions
75
Signs of Cobalt deficiency
Megaloblastic macroctyic anemia Pernicious anemia
76
Recommended intake of cobalt
5-8mcg
77
Sources of cobalt
Red meat Milk Fish

Micronutrient Deficiencies (2 decks)

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