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Microbiology Exam 2 > MICROEX2 Staph Key Terms > Flashcards

MICROEX2 Staph Key Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Staphylococcus aureus
Pathogen?
Normal Flora?
Reservoir?

A

Usually considered pathogen
Normal flora when found in respiratory specimens
Reservoir in nasal vestibule

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2
Q

Staphylococcus epidermis
Pathogen?
Normal Flora?
Reservoir?

A

Not generally considered a pathogen unless found in obvious association with disease
Yes (opportunistic, nosocomial)
Skin surface, musous membranes

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3
Q

Staphylococcus saprophyticus
Pathogen?
Normal Flora?
Reservoir?

A

Pathogenic in UTIs
yes (opportunistic)
Skin, urogenital tract

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4
Q

What do colonies of Staphylococcus aureas look like on blood agar?

A

Large creamy/gold

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5
Q

What color are Micrococcus sp. colonies on blood agar?

A

yellow

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6
Q

Staphylococcus aureus is resistant to:

A

Heat
Dessication
High Salt concentration
Alcohol

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7
Q

Protein A

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Major antigenic component, antiphagocytis and anti-complementary properties
Lowers host resistance to other organism

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8
Q

Coagulase

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Produces a fibrin clot at site of infection
neutralizes bactericidal effects or normal serum

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9
Q

Alpha toxins and hemolysins

A 
Staphylococcus aureus
Nreaks down RBCs
Inactivates leukocytes
Increases tissue cell permeability
May be dermonecrotic
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10
Q

Does Staphylococcus aureus have a capsule?

A

Yes

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11
Q

Leukocidins and hemolysins…

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Toxin
Inactivate antiphagocytis cells

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12
Q

Enterotoxin

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Toxin
causes disruption in Na/K pump in bowels producing diarrhea and vomiting

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13
Q

Exfoliative

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Toxin
Causes skin depolymerization and peeling

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14
Q

TSST

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Toxin
Causes toxic shock syndrom

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15
Q

Agressins

A

a class of enzymes which collectively act on host tissue to establish infections and relate to virulence

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16
Q

Hyaluronidase

A

Staphylococcus aureau
Aggressin
Loosens tissue via delopymerization; related to septicemia

17
Q

Name 5 toxins associated with Staphylococcus aureus

A 
Leukocidins
Hemolysins
Enterotoxins
Exfoliative Toxins
TSST-1
18
Q

Name 4 agressins associated with Stapylococcus aureus

A

Hyaluronidase
Lipase
DNAse
Staphylokinase

19
Q

Lipase

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Agressin
Acts on oils and fats in skin; related to furuncles and carbuncles

20
Q

DNAse

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Agressin
degrades host DNA

21
Q

Staphylokinase

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Agressin
desolves fibrin clots; inactivates plasminogen (may be used as anticlotting medicine)

22
Q

Toxic Shock Syndrome

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Caused by TSST-1
Causes fever, vomiting, diarrhea, desquamation, hypotension
May be life threatening is progresses to uncontrolled shock and sepsis

23
Q

Furruncles

A

Staphyloccoccus aureus

Boils; limited subcutaneous involvement

24
Q

Carbuncles

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Multiple furnuncles, usually more deep seated in skin with multiple drainage sites
genetic predisposition, common in diabetics

25
Q

Bacteremia

A 
Staphylococcus aureus
Bacteria are present in blood but do not reproduce in blood
May cause Endocarditis
50% fatality
Petechia and positive blood cultures
26
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Infection of bone
May be from fracture, bruises; may involve marrow
Most common in children < 12
Usually found in ends of long bones or in spinal column

27
Q

Impetigo

A

Staphylococcus aureus
Usually nosocomial
bullous (blister), exfoliative bacterial dermatitis
Produces septic lesions

28
Q

Food Poisoning

A 
Staphylococcus aureus
Enterotoxins (Type A and B)
producess sudden onset of nausea, diarrhea and vomiting
2-6 hours after picnics
NO FEVER
29
Q

Micrococcus species are usually considered a …

A

contaminant

Microbiology Exam 2 (9 decks)

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