Microevolution Flashcards
Model
A tool that allows us to make predictions IF the assumptions are met
Microevolution
Change in allele freq of populations over time
HW Assumptions
- No natural selection
- No mutation
- No migration
- Random mating
- Infinite population size
HW equation
P^2 + 2pq + q ^2 = 1
Fis
Measures inbreeding within population
Fst
Population differences between populations
Fit
Total changes
Genetic Markers
DNA fragments that are variable within a population
Underdominance
Heterozygote inferiority
Frequency Dependent Selection
Balancing selection in which the least common phenotype has the highest fitness
QTL- Quantitative Traits Loci
Traits coded for by more than one locus
Heritability
The proportion of phenotypic variation attributable to genetic variation
Broad sense heritability
Fraction of phenotypic variability due to genetic variability
Narrow Sense Heritability
Variation in phenotype attributable to additive genetic variation
Breeders equation
R=(h^2)(S)
Genetic Drift
Random changes in allele freq caused by small population size
Population Bottleneck
A large population suffers drift after major catastrophe randomly reduces the population size
Founder effect
A small number of individuals from a large source population form a new isolated population
IBD- Isolation by distance
Form of migration in which genetic similarity is correlated to geographic distance.
