Microbiology & Pathology Flashcards
What are the 5 signs of inflammation?
Heat, swelling, pain, redness and loss of function
What is the name of the ulcer often associated with stress, vitamin deficiency and/or poor nutrition?
Aphthous ulcers
What are the dentally relevant infections?
Dental caries
Periodontal disease
Denture stomatitis
Herpes simplex
Which dentally related cyst develops around an impacted, unerupted tooth?
Dentigerous cyst
Which dentally related cyst develops around the tooth apex?
Periapical cyst
Which dentally related cyst is produced after trauma to minor salivary glands and usually occurs on the lower lip?
Mucocele
Which bacteria is initially found in dental caries as the cavity first forms?
Streptococcus mutans
Which bacteria is found within an established carious lesion, as deeper tooth tissues become infected?
Lactobacillus
Which bacteria is associated with skin boils and gingival boils?
Staphlococci
Which 4 bacteria are associated with periodontal disease? The bacterial infection of the supporting structures of the teeth (gingivae, periodontal ligament, cementum, alveolar bone).
Actinomyces
Porphyromonas gingivalis
Prevotella intermedia
Treponema denticola
What 3 natural lines of defence against pathogens does a healthy body have?
Intact skin and mucous membrane
Surface secretions
Inflammatory response
Which type of immunity is present from birth by being randomly inherited?
Natural immunity
Which type of immunity is present from birth and is specifically inherited directly from the mother’s own pool of antibodies and antitoxins?
Passive immunity
Which type of immunity occurs after being given a harmless dose of a pathogen or overcoming a pathogen attack?
Acquired immunity
What is a cyst formation within the jaw bone called?
Alveolar bone cyst
Name the condition associated with acute bacterial infection if the soft tissues (operculum) of a partially erupted tooth.
Pericoronitis
What is the name of the bacterial infection of the bony walls of an extraction socket (also called ‘dry socket’)?
Localised osteitis
What is the name of the bacterial infection spreading from a tooth into the surrounding deep soft tissue structures?
Cellulitis
Which antibiotic is referred to as a ‘broad-spectrum antibiotic’?
Amoxicillin
Which antibiotic is used against anaerobic bacteria often associated with pericoronitis, periodontal disease and acute ulcerative necrotising gingivitis?
Metronidazole
Which antibiotic is an alternative for penicillin and its derivatives given to patients who are allergic?
Erythromycin
What antibiotic can be used against the spread of infection in periconronitis and cellulitis, and to prevent secondary infection after oral surgery procedures?
Penicillin
Which antibiotic is used as a prophylactic alternative against infective endocarditis in patients allergic to amoxicillin?
Clindamycin
What antiviral drug is used to treat herpes simples type I virus (cold sores)?
Aciclovir antiviral cream
Name 4 antifungals used to treat infections caused by the fungus Candida albicans.
Fluconazole
Nystatin
Amphotericin
Miconazole
Which analgesic reduces body temperature when fever is present (has antipyretic properties)?
Paracetamol
Which analgesic is anti-inflammatory and should not be given to asthmatics?
Ibuprofen
Which analgesic is anti-inflammatory, an anticoagulant (so must not be given after surgical procedures) and must be avoid by asthmatics and children under 16 because of the rate complication of Reye’s syndrome (fatal brain disease)?
Aspirin
Name 3 dentally related diseases caused by the fungal infection Candida albicans.
Oral thrush
Denture stomatitis
Angular cheilitis
Name 3 congenital/ developmental defects (genetic mutations or inherited conditions).
Cleft lip or palate
Hypodontia - absence of some teeth
Amelogenesis imperfect - defect of tooth formation
