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microbiology & immunology > microbiology midterm > Flashcards

microbiology midterm Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what does coagulase + refer to?

A

it’s to test for an enzyme

if the enzyme is there, it’s staph aureus

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2
Q

which type of bacteria has an affinity for prosthetic devices?

A

staphylococcus epidermidis

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3
Q

what is the 2nd most common cause of UTI in women?

A

Staphylococcus saprophyticus

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4
Q

what si the significance of a hemolytic reaction and lancfield group?

A

used to classify streptococci

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5
Q

what causes scarlet fever?

A

streptococcus pyogenes

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6
Q

what are virulence factors for streptococcus pyogenes?

A

Capsule
Frimbriae
FnBP
Exotoxins

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7
Q

what is the shape, gram, & aero status of staph?

A

cocci, gram +, aerobic

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8
Q

what is the shape, gram, & aero status of strep?

A

cocci, chains, gram +, aerotolerant

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9
Q

what are the virulence factors of staph aureus?

A

Protein A
FnBP
superantigens: exfolitain, enterotoxins, TSST-1

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10
Q

shape, classification of streptococcus pneumoniae?

A

diplococci, hemolytic alpha, no lancefield group

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11
Q

what bacteria is in 25% of wome’s vaginas? why does this matter?

A 
Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B)
can cause pneumonia/sepsis in neonates in 1st week postpartum
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12
Q

which bacteria is assoc with horses?

A

streptococci equi

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13
Q

what is the shape, classification of group viridans streptococci?

A

spherical chains, hemolytic alpha, no lancefield group

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14
Q

what are shape, gram status, virulence factor of enterobacteriaceae?

A

gram neg rod, virulence factor LPS

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15
Q

what are the four cardinal characteristics of Enterobacteriaceae?

A

ferment glucose
reduce nitrates to nitrites
cytochrome oxidase neg
if flagella - peritrichous

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16
Q

what’s the most common cause of UTI?

A

e.coli

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17
Q

what disease is caaused by enterotoxigenic e.coli and what are its virulence factors?

A

travellers diarrhea, LT, STa, Stb

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18
Q

what two types of bacteria cause infections where antibiotics are contaraindicated?

A

verotoxigenic e.coli

Salmonella enterica ssp. Enterica

19
Q

what is unique about shigella?

A

nonmotile, only takes a small amount of bacteria to inoculate

20
Q

what causes pseudoappendicitis?

A

Yersinia enterocolitica

21
Q

what bacteria is the plague?

A

Yersinia pestis

22
Q

what bacteria causes pneumonia in alcoholics?

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

23
Q

what is the leading cause of nosocomial infections?

A

Serratia marcescens

*very antibiotic resistant

24
Q

what are the basics of nonfermenters?

A

gram neg rod

25
Q

which nonfermenter is cytochrome oxidase positive?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

26
Q

what are some shapre & gram status, virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

A

gram neg rod,

-toxins and virulence (lots)

27
Q

what causes glue ear?

A

pseudomonas aruginosa

28
Q

which bacteria is associated with CF camps?

A

Burkoldaria cepacia

29
Q

what are some notable diseases for anaerobes?

A

Diabetic foot ulcers,
Gas gangrene
Breast abcess

30
Q

describe Clostridium

A

gram + rod anaerobic spore forming

31
Q

which bacteria is associated with gas gangrene?

A

Clostridium perfringens

32
Q

what are the two exotoxins assoc with c diff?

A

A & B

33
Q

what is Bacteroides fragilis

A

gram - rod anaerobe that produces beta lactamase

34
Q

which bacteria is assoc with cheese?

A

Propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp shermanii

35
Q

describe basics of neisseria?

A

gram neg diplococci

Intracellular

36
Q

what are virulence factors of neisseria gonorrhoeae?

A 
Porin protein A
OPA proteins
Rmp protein
LOS
pili protein
37
Q

some defining features of pseudomonas aruginosa?

A
  • Capsule
  • Polar Flagella
  • blue pigment
  • very antibiotic resistant
38
Q

what are some special features of neisseria?

A

Doesn’t tolerate desiccation or cold
Cytochrome oxidase positive
Oxidizes glucose, but not maltose nor lactose

39
Q

some strains cause this bacteria to produce blood red pigment

A

Serratia marcescens

40
Q

what test is used for nonfermenters?

A

failure to acidify the butt of Kligler’s Iron Agar (KIA) or Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSI),

41
Q

what’s the assoc b/w nonfermenters and antibiotics?

A

-Very antibiotic resistant

longer courses of antibiotics

42
Q

what are examples of nonfermenters?

A

pseudomonas aruginosa

43
Q

what causes syphilis?

A

Treponema pallidum ssp. pallidum

microbiology & immunology (2 decks)

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