Microbiology and Virology Flashcards
Streptococcus pneumonia is gram - _________ and forms in _________.
positive, pairs
Is streptococcus pneumonia encapsulated or capsulated?
encapsulated
Which bacteria is an encapsulated gram-positive coccus that forms in pairs?
streptococcus pneumoniae
Which bacteria is gram-positive cocci that forms in clusters?
Staph aureus
streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of __________ in adults.
bacterial meningitis
NSAIDs increase ____________ 5-fold.
peptic ulcer disease
__________ infection is the most common cause of gastric and duodenal ulcers.
Helicobacter pylori
Conjugate polysaccharide vaccines are used to target ___________ bacteria.
encapsulated
How do conjugate polysaccharide vaccines ensure a sufficient immune response?
Activation of T cells
What are two mechanisms of antibiotic resistance.
- Degradation by beta-lactamase
2. Alteration of penicillin-binding protein site
Oxacillin is resistant to __________.
penicillinase
__________ is the most common pathogens cause of otitis externa, frequently occurring after swimming.
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
________ mediate attachment of bacteria to the epithelial cells of the host.
Pili
How does N. gonorrhae circumvent antipilin antibodies?
DNA recombination to create variation in expressed pilus proteins so they are unrecognizable to antibodies.
__________ mechanism is responsible for scarlet fever seen in streptococcus pyogenes infection.
Erythrogenic toxin-induced cytokine release
