Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Flashcards
Name the 4 types of gram positive cocci
- Steptococcus
- Peptostreptococcus
- Micrococcus
- Staphylococcus
Name the 2 gram positive cocci that arrange themselves in grape like clusters
- Staphlyococci
2. Micrococci
How can a staph.aureus infection be identified?
Positive coagulase test
What is Ritter-Lyell’s disease?
Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Name 5 deep infections that can be caused by Staph Aureus
- Septicaemia
- Endocarditis
- Pyaemia
- Osteomylitis
- Pneumonia
What is the pathophysiology of penicillin resistant organisms?
These organisms produce beta-lactamase which breaks down the beta lactic ring of penicillin and stereogenically similar drugs.
What 2 antibiotic types are used in the treatment of severe MRSA infections?
- Glycopeptides
2. Linezolid
What is the most common bacterial agent that can cause a sore throat?
Streptococcus Pyogenes
Define acute follicular tonsillitis
Infection and oedema involving the faucet and soft palate with exudate - most commonly as a result of streptococcus pyogenes infection
Name two possible late complications of streptococcal infections
- Rheumatic fever
2. Acute glomerulonephritis
What are the main clinical features associated with rheumatic fever?
- Acute onset of fever
- Pain and swelling of the joints
- Pancarditis
What types of chronic valve disease are associated with previous history of rheumatic fever?
Usually stenosis (or incompetence) of the mitral or aortic valves
What are the 3 clinical criteria associated with acute glomerulonephritis?
- Haematuria
- Albuminuria
- Oedema
Name the organism that causes diphtheria
Corynebacterium diptheriae
What is the primary site of infection in diphtheria?
The throat
