Microbiology 9: Fungal infection Flashcards
List some differences between fungi and bacteria?
Fungi are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms, while bacteria are single-celled prokaryotes. Fungi Digest their food extracellularly Fungi Produce spores The cells of fungi have nuclei that contain the chromosomes and other organelles, such as mitochondria and ribosomes. Bacteria are much smaller than fungi, do not have nuclei or other organelles and cannot reproduce sexually. add pic
Name the 3 types of diseases caused by fungi?
- Allergies 2. Mycotoxicoses 3. Mycoses
How can a fungus cause an allergic raction and name a disease that is an allergic reaction caused by a fungus?
Allergic reaction to fungal products.
Inhalation of/contact with fungal spores may induce a wide range of allergic diseases: Rhinitis Dermatitis, Asthma, ALLERGIC BRONCHO-PULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS (ABPA) caused by Aspergillus fumigatus
What is mycotoxicosis
A toxic reaction caused by ingestion or inhalation of a mycotoxin Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of moulds that exert toxic effects on animals and humans
Give an example of a Mycotoxin
Aflatoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus is amongst the most carcinogenic natural compound known.
Define Mycosis
Mycosis (plural: mycoses) is a fungal infection of animals, including humans.
How are Mycosis classified?
Mycoses are classified by the level of tissue affected add pic
Define superficial mycoses?
Superficial cosmetic fungal infections of the skin or hair shaft No living tissue is invaded and there is no cellular response from the host
Give a named example of superficial mycoses?
Dandruff (Malassezia globosa)
Define deep mycoses
Fungla infection which effects internal organs
Gived named examples of Deep mycoses
Candida infections( in immuno compromised individuals) Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA)
Give named examples of cutaneous mycosis
Athlete’s foot- Tinea pedis
What causes inflammation when a patient is infected by a cutaneous mycoses.
Produce extracellular enzymes (keratinases) which are capable of hydrolyzing keratin. Inflammation is caused by host response to metabolic by-products
Give a named example of subcutaneous mycosis ?
Sporotrichosis (Sporothrix)
What type of mycoses fits in with the below phrase? Increasingly seen in combat- related blasr wounds. Chronic, localized infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue following traumatic implantation of the aetilogic agent
Subcutaneous mycoses
What are the targets for antifungal therapy?
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